nāgārjunīyaṃ madhyamakaśāstram |

ācāryacandrakīrtiviracitayā prasannapadākhyavyākhyayā saṃvalitam | 1

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pratyayaparīkṣā nāma prathamaṃ prakaraṇam | āryamañjuśriye kumārabhūtāya namaḥ |

tatra 'na svato nāpi parato na dvābhyām'; ityādi vakṣyamāṇaṃ śāstram | tasya kāni saṃbandhābhidhānaprayojanāni iti praśne, madhyamakāvatāravihitavidhinā advayajñānālaṃkṛtaṃ mahākaruṇopāyapuraḥsaraṃ prathamacittotpādaṃ tathāgatajñānotpattihetumādiṃ kṛtvā yāvadācāryanāgārjunasya viditāviparītaprajñāpāramitānīteḥ karuṇayā parāvabodhārthaṃ śāstrapraṇayanam, ityeṣa tāvacchāstrasya saṃbandhaḥ-

iti | svayameva cācāryo vakṣyamāṇasakalaśāstrābhidheyārtha saprayojanamupadarśayan, tadaviparītasaṃprakāśatvena māhātmyamudbhāvya tatsvabhāvāvyatirekavartine paramagurave tathāgatāya śāstrapraṇayananimittakaṃ praṇāmaṃ kartukāma āha-

yaḥ pratītyasamutpādam

ityādi | tadatrānirodhādyaṣṭaviśeṣaṇaviśiṣṭaḥ pratītyasamutpādaḥ śāstrābhidheyārthaḥ | sarvaprapañcopaśamaśivalakṣaṇaṃ nirvāṇaṃ śāstrasya prayojanaṃ nirdiṣṭam |

taṃ vande vadatāṃ varam |

ityanena praṇāmaḥ | ityeṣa tāvacchokadvayasya samudāyārthaḥ ||

avayavārthastu vibhajyate | tatra niruddhirnirodhaḥ | kṣaṇabhaṅgo nirodha ityucyate | utpādanamutpādaḥ | ātmabhāvonmajjanamityarthaḥ | ucchittirucchedaḥ | prabandhavicchittirityarthaḥ | śāśvato nityaḥ | sarvakāle sthāṇurityarthaḥ | ekaścāsāvarthaścetyekārtho 'bhinnārthaḥ | na pṛthagityarthaḥ | nānārtho bhinnārthaḥ | pṛthagityarthaḥ | āgatirāgamaḥ, viprakṛṣṭadeśāvasthitānāṃ saṃnikṛṣṭadeśāgamanam | nirgatirnirgamaḥ, saṃnikṛṣṭadeśāvasthitānāṃ viprakṛṣṭadeśagamanam | etirgatyarthaḥ, pratiḥ prāptyarthaḥ | upasargavaśena dhātvarthavipariṇāmāt-

pratītyaśabdo 'tra lyabantaḥ prāptāvapekṣāyāṃ vartate | samutpūrvaḥ padiḥ prādurbhāvārtha iti samutpādaśabdaḥ prādurbhāve vartate | tataśca hetupratyayāpekṣo bhāvānāmutpādaḥ pratītyasamutpādārthaḥ ||

apare tu bruvate- itirgamanaṃ vināśaḥ | itau sādhava ityāḥ | pratirvīpsārthaḥ | ityevaṃ taddhitāntamityaśabdaṃ vyutpādya prati prati ityānāṃ vināśināṃ samutpāda iti varṇayanti | teṣāṃ "pratītyasamutpādaṃ vo bhikṣavo deśayiṣyāmi", "yaḥ pratītyasamutpādaṃ paśyati sa dharma paśyati" ityevamādau viṣaye vīpsārthasya saṃbhavāt samāsasadbhāvācca syājjyāyasī vyutpattiḥ | iha tu "cakṣuḥ pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṣurvijñānam" ityevamādau viṣaye sākṣādaṅgīkṛtārthaviśeṣe cakṣuḥ pratītyeti pratītyaśabda ekacakṣurindriyahetukāyāmapyekavijñānotpattāvabhīṣṭāyāṃ kuto vīpsārthatā? prāptyarthastvanaṅgīkṛtārthaviśeṣe 'pi pratītyaśabde saṃbhavati- prāpya saṃbhavaḥ, pratītya samutpāda iti | aṅgīkṛtārthaviśeṣe 'pi saṃbhavati- cakṣuḥ pratītya, cakṣuḥ prāpya, cakṣū rūpaṃ cāpekṣyeti vyākhyānāt | taddhitānte cetyaśabde "cakṣuḥ pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṣurvijñānam" ityatra pratītyaśabdasyāvyayatvābhāvāt samāsāsadbhāvācca vibhaktiśrutau satyāṃ cakṣuḥ pratītya vijñānaṃ rūpāṇi ca iti nipātaḥ syāt | na caitadevam | ityavyayasyaiva lyabantasya vyutpattirabhyupeyā |

yastu- "vīpsārthatvātpratyupasargasya, eteḥ prāptyarthatvāt, samutpādaśabdasya ca saṃbhavārtha tvāt, tāṃstān pratyayān pratītya samutpādaḥ prāpya saṃbhava ityeke | prati prati vināśināmutpādaḥ pratītyasamutpāda ityanye"- iti paravyākhyānamanūdya dūṣaṇamabhidhatte, tasya parapakṣānuvādākauśalatvameva tāvatsaṃbhāvyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yo hi prāptyarthaṃ pratītyaśabdaṃ vyācaṣṭe, nāsau pratiṃ vīpsārthaṃ vyācaṣṭe, nāpyetiṃ prāptyartham, kiṃ tarhi pratiṃ prāptyartham, samuditaṃ ca pratītyaśabdaṃ prāptāveva varṇayati ||

tena idānīṃ prāpya saṃbhavaḥ pratītyasamutpāda ityevaṃ vyutpāditena pratītyasamutpādaśabdena yadi niravaśeṣasaṃbhavipadārthaparāmarśo vivakṣitaḥ, tadā tāṃ tāṃ hetupratyayasāmagrīṃ prāpya saṃbhava pratītya samutpāda iti vīpsāsaṃbandhaḥ kriyate | atha viśeṣaparāmarśaḥ, tadā cakṣuḥ prāpya rūpāṇi ceti na vīpsāyāḥ saṃbandha iti || evaṃ tāvadanuvādākauśalamācāryasya ||

etadvā ayuktam | kiṃ ca | ayuktametat "cakṣuḥ pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṣurvijñānam" iti, atrārthadvayāsaṃbhavāt iti yaduktaṃ dūṣaṇam, tadapi nopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? kathamanenaiva tatprāpteḥ saṃbhava iti yuktyanupādānena pratijñāmātratvāt | athāyamabhiprāyaḥ syāt arūpitvādvijñānasya cakṣuṣā prāptirnāsti, rūpiṇāmeva tatprāptidarśanāditi, etadapi na yuktam, 'prāptaphalo 'yaṃ bhikṣuḥ'; ityatrāpi prāptyabhyupagamāt | prāpyaśabdasya ca apekṣyaśabdaparyāyatvāt | prāptyarthasyaiva ācāryāryanāgārjunena pratītyaśabdasya

tattatprāpya yadutpannaṃ notpannaṃ tatsvabhāvataḥ |

ityabhyupagamāt | tato dūṣaṇamapi nopapadyate ityapare ||

yaccāpi svamataṃ vyavasthāpitam- "kiṃ tarhi, asmin sati idaṃ bhavati, asyotpādādidamutpadyate, iti idaṃpratyayatārthaḥ pratītyasamutpādārtha iti", tadapi nopapadyate, pratītyasamutpādaśabdayoḥ pratyekamarthaviśeṣānabhidhānāt, tadvyutpādasya ca vivakṣitatvāt ||

athāpi rūḍhiśabdaṃ pratītyasamutpādaśabdamabhyupetya araṇyetilakādivadevamucyate, tadapi nopapannam, avayavārthānugatasyaiva pratītyasamutpādasya ācāryeṇa

tattatprāpya yadutpannaṃ notpannaṃ tatsvabhāvataḥ |

ityabhyupagamāt | atha

asminsatīdaṃ bhavati hrasve dīrghaṃ yathā sati |

iti vyākhyāyamānena nanu tadevābhyupagataṃ bhavati, hrasvaṃ pratītya, hrasvaṃ prāpya, hrasvamapekṣya dīrghaṃ bhavatīti | tataśca yadeva dūṣyate tadevābhyupagamyate iti na yujyate | ityalaṃ prasaṅgena ||

tadevaṃ hetupratyayāpekṣaṃ bhāvānāmutpādaṃ paridīpayatā bhagavatā ahetvekahetuviṣamahetusaṃbhūtatvaṃ svaparobhayakṛtatvaṃ ca bhāvānāṃ niṣiddhaṃ bhavati, tanniṣedhācca sāṃvṛtānāṃ padārthānāṃ yathāvasthitaṃ sāṃvṛtaṃ svarūpamudbhāvitaṃ bhavati | sa evedānīṃ sāṃvṛtaḥ pratītyasamutpādaḥ svabhāvenānutpannatvād āryajñānāpekṣayā nāsminnirodho vidyate yāvannāsminnirgamo vidyate ityanirodhādibhiraṣṭābhirviśe ṣaṇairviśiṣyate | yathā ca nirodhādayo na santi pratītyasamutpādasya tathā sakalaśāstreṇa pratipādayiṣyati ||

anantaviśeṣaṇasaṃbhave 'pi pratītyasamutpādasya aṣṭānāmevopādānameṣāṃ prādhānyena vivādāṅgabhūtatvāt | yathāvasthitapratītyasamutpādadarśane sati āryāṇāmabhidheyādilakṣaṇasya prapañcasya sarvathoparamāt, prapañcānāmupaśamo 'sminniti sa eva pratītyasamutpādaḥ prapaḥcopaśama ityucyate | cittacaittānāṃ ca tasminnapravṛttau jḥānajḥeyavyavahāranivṛttau jātijarāmaraṇādiniravaśeṣopadravarahitatvāt śivaḥ | yathābhihitaviśeṣaṇasya pratītyasamutpādasya deśanākriyayā īpsitatamatvāt karmaṇā nirdeśaḥ ||

yathopavarṇitapratītyasamutpādāvagamācca tathāgatasyaivaikasyāviparītārthavāditvaṃ paśyan sarvaparapravādāṃśca bālapralāpānivāvetya atīva prasādānugata ācāryo bhūyo bhagavantaṃ viśeṣayati- vadatāṃ varamiti ||

atra ca nirodhasya pūrvaṃ prativedhaḥ utpādanirodhayoḥ paurvāparyāvasthāyāḥ siddhayabhāvaṃ dyotayitum | vakṣyati hi-

iti | tasmānnāyaṃ niyamo yat pūrvamutpādena bhavitavyaṃ paścānnirodheneti ||

idānīmanirodhādiviśiṣṭapratītyasamutpādapratipipādayiṣayā utpādapratiṣedhena nirodhādi pratiṣedhasaukarya manyamāna ācāryaḥ prathamamevotpādaprativedhamārabhate | utpādo hi paraiḥ parikalpyamānaḥ svato vā parikalpyeta, parataḥ, ubhayataḥ, ahetuto vā parikalpyeta | sarvathā ca nopapadyata iti niścityāha-

tatra jātviti kadācidityarthaḥ | kvacanaśabda ādhāravacanaḥ kvacicchabdaparyāyaḥ kecanaśabda ādheyavacanaḥ kecicchabdaparyāyaḥ | tataścaivaṃ saṃbandhaḥ- naiva svata utpannā jātu vidyante bhāvāḥ, kvacana, kecana | evaṃ pratijñātrayamapi yojyam ||

nanu ca- naiva svata utpannā ityavadhāryamāṇe parata utpannā ityaniṣṭaṃ prāpnoti | na prāpnoti prasajyapratiṣedhasya vivakṣitatvāt, parato 'pyutpādasya pratiṣetsyamānatvāt | yayā copapattyā svata utpādo na saṃbhavati, sā-

tasmāddhi tasya bhavane na guṇo 'sti kaścij- jātasya janma punareva ca naiva yuktam |

ityādinā madhyamakāvatārādidvāreṇāvaseyā ||

ācāryabuddhapālitastvāha- na svata utpadyante bhāvāḥ, tadutpādavaiyarthyāt, atiprasaṅgadoṣācca | na hi svātmanā vidyamānānāṃ padārthānāṃ punarutpāde prayojanamasti | atha sannapi jāyeta, na kadācinna jāyeta iti ||

atraike dūṣaṇamāhuḥ- tadayuktam, hetudṛṣṭāntānabhidhānātparoktadoṣāparihārācca | prasaṅga vākyatvācca prakṛtārthaviparyayeṇa viparītārthasādhyataddharmavyaktau parasmādutpannābhāvājanmasāphalyāt janmaniro(bo?)dhācceti kṛtāntavirodhaḥ syāt ||

sarvametaddūṣaṇamayujyamānaṃ vayaṃ paśyāmaḥ | kathaṃ kṛtvā? tatra yattāvaduktaṃ hetudṛṣṭāntānabhidhānāditi, tadayuktam | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmātparaḥ svata utpattimabhyupagacchan, pṛcchayate- svata iti hetutvena tadeva cotpadyate iti? na ca vidyamānasya punarutpattau prayojanaṃ paśyāmaḥ, anavasthāṃ ca paśyāmaḥ | na ca tvayā utpannasya punarutpāda iṣyate 'navasthā cāpyaniṣṭeti | tasmānnirupapattika eva tvadvādaḥ svābhyupagamavirodhaśceti | kimiti codite paronābhyupaiti yato hetudṛṣṭāntopādānasāphalyaṃ syāt? atha svābhyupagamavirodhacodanayāpi paro na nivartate, tadā nirlajjatayā hetudṛṣṭāntābhyāmapi naiva nivarteta | na conmattakena sahāsmākaṃ vivāda iti | tasmātsarvathā priyānumānatāmevātmanaḥ ācāryaḥ prakaṭayati asthāne 'pyanumānaṃ praveśayan | na ca mādhyamikasya sataḥ svatantramanumānaṃ kartuṃ yuktaṃ pakṣāntarābhyupagamābhāvāt | tathoktamāryadevena-

vigrahavyāvartanyāṃ coktam-

iti | yadā caivaṃ svatantrānumānānabhidhāyitvaṃ mādhyamikasya, tadā kutaḥ "nādhyātmikānyāyatanāni svata utpannāni" iti svatantrā pratijñā yasyāṃ sāṃkhyāḥ pratyavasthāpyante | ko 'rya pratijñārthaḥ kiṃ kāryātmakatvātsvata uta kāraṇātmakatvāditi | kiṃ cātaḥ? kāryātmakāccet siddha sādhanam, kāraṇātmakāccet viruddhārthatā, kāraṇātmanā vidyamānasyaiva sarvasyotpattimata utpādāditi | kuto 'smākaṃ vidyamānatvāditi heturyasya siddhasādhanaṃ viruddhārthatā vā syāt, yasya siddhasādhanasya yasyāśca viruddhārthatāyāḥ parihārārthaṃ yatnaṃ kariṣyāmaḥ | tasmātparoktadoṣāprasaṅgādeva tatparihāraḥ ācāryabuddhapālitena na varṇanīyaḥ ||

athāpi syāt- mādhyamikānāṃ pakṣahetudṛṣṭāntānāmasiddheḥ svatantrānumānānabhidhāyitvāt svata utpattipratiṣedhapratijñātārthasādhanaṃ mā bhūdubhayasiddhena vānumānena parapratijñānirākaraṇam | parapratijñāyāstu svata evānumānavirodhacodanayā svata eva pakṣahetudṛṣṭāntadoṣarahitaiḥ pakṣādibhirbhavitavyam | tataśca tadanabhidhānāt taddoṣāparihārācca sa eva doṣa iti | ucyate | naitadevam | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmād yo hi yamarthaṃ pratijānīte, tena svaniścayavadanyeṣāṃ niścayotpādanecchayā yayā upapattyā asāvartho 'dhigataḥ saivopapattiḥ parasmai upadeṣṭavyā | tasmādeṣa tāvannyāyaḥ- yatpareṇaiva svābhyupagatapratijñātārthasādhanamupādeyam | na cāyaṃ (cānena?) paraṃ prati | hetudṛṣṭāntāsaṃbhavāt pratijñānusāratayaiva kevalaṃ svapratijñātārthasādhanamupādatta iti nirupapattikapakṣābhyupagamāt svātmānamevāyaṃ kevalaṃ visaṃvādayan na śaknoti pareṣāṃ niścayamādhātumiti | idamevāsya spaṣṭataraṃ dūṣaṇaṃ yaduta svapratijñātārthasādhanāsāmarthyamiti kimatrānumānabādhodbhāvanayā prayojanam? athāpyavaśyaṃ svato 'numānavirodhadoṣa udbhāvanīyaḥ, so 'pyudbhāvita evācāryabuddhapālitena | kathamiti cet, na svata utpadyante bhāvāḥ, tadutpādavaiyarthyāditi vacanāt, atra hi tadityanena svātmanā vidyamānasya parāmarśaḥ | kasmāditi cet, tathā hi tasya saṃgraheṇoktavākyasyaitadvivaraṇavākyam, na hi svātmanā vidyamānānāṃ punarutpāde prayojanamiti | anena ca vākyena sādhyasādhanadharmānugatasya paraprasiddhasya sādharmyadṛṣṭāntasyopādānam | tatra svātmanā vidyamānasyetyanena hetuparāmarśaḥ | utpādavayarthyādityanena sādhyadharmaparāmarśaḥ || tatra yathā- anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvāt | kṛtakatvamanityaṃ (Pp_7) dṛṣṭaṃ yathā ghaṭaḥ | tathā ca kṛtakaḥ śabdaḥ | tasmātkṛtakatvādanitya iti kṛtakatvamatra upanayābhivyakto hetuḥ | evamihāpi- na svata utpadyante bhāvāḥ, svātmanā vidyamānānāṃ punarutpādavaiyarthyāt | iha hi svātmanā vidyamānaṃ puro 'vasthitaṃ ghaṭādikaṃ punarutpādānapekṣaṃ dṛṣṭam, tathā ca mṛtpiṇḍādyavasthāyāmapi yadi svātmanā vidyamānaṃ ghaṭādikamiti manyase, tadāpi tasya svātmanā vidyamānasya nāstyutpāda iti | evaṃ svātmanā vidyamānatvena upanayābhivyaktena punarutpādapratiṣedhāvyabhicāriṇā hetunā svata eva sāṃkhyasyānumānavirodhodbhāvanamanuṣṭhitameveti | tatkimucyate tadayuktaṃ hetudṛṣṭāntānabhidhānāditi?

na ca kevalaṃ hetudṛṣṭāntānabhidhānaṃ na saṃbhavati, paroktadoṣāparihāradoṣo na saṃbhavati | kathaṃ kṛtvā? sāṃkhyā hi naiva abhivyaktarūpasya puro 'vasthitasya ghaṭasya punarabhivyaktimicchanti | tasyaiva ca iha dṛṣṭāntatvenopādānam, siddharūpatvāt | anabhivyaktarūpasya ca śaktirūpāpannasya utpattipratiṣedhaviśiṣṭasādhyatvāt kutaḥ siddhasādhanapakṣadoṣāśaṅkā, kuto vā hetorviruddhārthatāśaṅketi | tasmātsvato 'numānavirodhacodanāyāmapi yathopavarṇitadoṣābhāvātparoktadoṣāparihārāsaṃbhava eva | ityasaṃbaddhamevaitaddūṣaṇamiti vijñeyam ||

ghaṭādikamityādiśabdena niravaśeṣotpitsupadārthasaṃgrahasya vivakṣitatvādanaikāntikatāpi paiṭādibhirnaiva saṃbhavati ||

athavā | ayamanyaḥ prayogamārgaḥ- puruṣavyatiriktāḥ padārthāḥ svata utpattivādinaḥ | tata eva na svata utpadyante | svātmanā vidyamānatvāt | puruṣavat | itīdamudāharaṇamudāhāryam ||

yadyapi ca abhivyaktivādina utpādapratiṣedho na bādhakaḥ, tathāpi abhivyaktāvutpādaśabdaṃ nipātya pūrvaṃ paścācca anupalabdhyupalabdhisādharmyeṇa utpādaśabdenābhivyakterevābhidhānādayaṃ pratiṣedho na abādhakaḥ ||

kathaṃ punarayaṃ yathoktārthābhidhānaṃ vinā vyastavicāro labhyata iti cet, taducyate | atha vākyāni kṛtāni, tāni mahārthatvādyathoditamarthaṃ saṃgṛhya pravṛttāni | tāni ca vyākhyāyamānāni yathoktamarthātmānaṃ prasūyanta iti nātra kiṃcidanupāttaṃ saṃbhāvyate ||

prasaṅgaviparītena cārthena parasyaiva saṃbandho nāsmākam | svapratijñāyā abhāvāt | tataśca siddhāntavirodhāsaṃbhavaḥ | parasya ca yāvadbahavo doṣāḥ prasaṅgaviparītāpattyā āpadyante, tāvadasmābhirabhīṣyata eveti | kuto nu khalu aviparītācāryanāgārjunamatānusāriṇaḥ ācāryabuddhapālitasya sāvakāśavacanābhidhāyitvam, yato 'sya paro 'vakāśaṃ labheta? niḥsvabhāvabhāvavādinā sasvabhāvabhāvavādinaḥ prasaṅge āpa(pā?)dyamāne kutaḥ prasaṅgaviparītārthaprasaṅgitā? na hi śabdāḥ dāṇḍapāśikā iva vaktāramasvatantrayanti, kiṃ tarhi satyāṃ śaktau vakturvivakṣāmanuvidhīyante | tataśca (Pp_8) parapratijñāpratiṣedhamātraphalatvātprasaṅgāpādanasya nāsti prasaṅgaviparītārthāpattiḥ | tathā ca ācāryo bhūyasā prasaṅgāpattimukhenaiva parapakṣaṃ nirākaroti sma | tadyathā-

ityādinā | atha arthavākyatvādācāryavākyānāṃ mahārthatve sati anekaprayoniṣpattihetutvaṃ parikalpyate, ācāryabuddhapālitavyākhyānānyapi kimiti na tathaiva parikalpyante?

atha syāt- vṛttikārāṇāmeṣa nyāyaḥ, yatprayogavākyavistarābhidhānaṃ kartavyamiti, etadapi nāsti, vigrahavyāvartanyā vṛttiṃ kurvatāpyācāryeṇa prayogavākyānabhidhānāt ||

api ca | ātmanastarkaśāstrātikauśalamātramāviścikīrṣayā aṅgīkṛtamadhyamakadarśanasyāpi yatsvatantraprayogavākyābhidhānaṃ tadatitarāmanekadoṣasamudāyāspadamasya tārkikasyopalakṣyate | kathaṃ kṛtvā? tatra yattāvadevamuktam- atra prayogavākyaṃ bhavati- na paramārthataḥ ādhyātmikānyāyatanāni svata utpannāni, vidyamānatvāt, caitanyavaditi | kimartha punaratra paramārthata iti viśeṣaṇamupādīyate? lokasaṃvṛtyābhyupagatasya utpādasya apratiṣidhyamānatvāt, pratiṣedhe ca abhyupetabādhāprasaṅgāditi cet, naitadyuktam | saṃvṛtyāpi svata utpattyanabhyupagamāt | yathoktaṃ sūtre-

"sa cāyaṃ bījahetuko 'ṅkura utpadyamāno na svayaṃkṛto na parakṛto nobhayakṛto nāpyahetusamutpanno niśvarakālāṇuprakṛtisvabhāvasaṃbhūtaḥ" iti |

tathā-

ihāpi vakṣyati-

iti ||

paramatāpekṣaṃ viśeṣaṇamiti cet, tadayuktam | saṃvṛtyāpi tadīyavyavasthānabhyupagamāt | satyadvayāviparītadarśanaparibhraṣṭā eva hi tīrthikā yāvadubhayathāpi niṣidhyante tāvad guṇa eva saṃbhāvyata iti | evaṃ paramatāpekṣamapi viśeṣaṇābhidhānaṃ na yujyate ||

na cāpi lokaḥ svatautpattiṃ pratipannaḥ, yatastadapekṣayāpi viśeṣaṇasāphalyaṃ syāt | loko hi svataḥ parata ityevamādikaṃ vicāramanavatārya kāraṇātkāryamutpadyate ityetāvanmātraṃ pratipannaḥ | evamācāryo 'pi vyavasthāpayāmāsa | iti sarvathā viśeṣaṇavaiphalyameva niścīyate ||

api ca | yadi saṃvṛtyā utpattipratiṣedhanirācikīrṣuṇā viśeṣaṇametadupādīyate, tadā svato 'siddhādhāre pakṣadoṣaḥ, āśrayāsiddhau vā hetudoṣaḥ syāt | paramārthataḥ svataścakṣurādyāyatanānāmanabhyupagamāt | saṃvṛtyā cakṣurādisadbhāvādadoṣa iti cet, paramārthata ityetattarhi kasya viśeṣaṇam? sāṃvṛtānāṃ cakṣurādīnāṃ paramārthata utpattipratiṣedhād utpattipratiṣedhaviśeṣaṇe paramārthagrahaṇamiti cet, evaṃ tarhi evameva vaktavyaṃ syāt- sāṃvṛtānāṃ cakṣurādīnāṃ paramārthato nāstyutpattiriti | na caivamucyate | ucyamāne 'pi parairvastusatāmeva cakṣurādīnāmabhyupagamāt, prajñaptisatāmanabhyupagamāt parato 'siddhādhāraḥ pakṣadoṣaḥ syāditi na yuktametat ||

atha syāt- yathā anityaḥ śabda iti dharmadharmisāmānyameva gṛhyate na viśeṣaḥ, viśeṣagrahaṇe hi sati anumānānumeyavyavahārābhāvaḥ syāt | tathā hi- yadi cāturmahābhautikaḥ śabdo gṛhyate, sa parasyāsiddhaḥ | athākāśaguṇo gṛhyate, sa bauddhasya svato 'siddhaḥ | tathā vaiśeṣikasya śabdānityatāṃ pratijānānasya yadi kāryaḥ śabdo gṛhyate, sa parato 'siddhaḥ | atha vyaṅgayaḥ, sa svato 'siddhaḥ | evaṃ yathāsaṃbhavaṃ vināśo 'pi yadi sahetukaḥ, sa bauddhasya svato 'siddhaḥ | atha nirhetukaḥ, sa parasyāsiddha iti | tasmād yathātra dharmadharmisāmānyamātrameva gṛhyate, evamihāpi dharmimātramutsṛṣṭaviśeṣaṇaṃ grahīṣyata iti cet, naitadevam | yasmād yadaivotpādapratiṣedho 'tra sādhyadharmo 'bhipretaḥ, tadaiva dharmiṇastadādhārasya viparyāsamātrāsāditātmabhāvasya pracyutiḥ svayamevānenāṅgīkṛtā | bhinnau hi viparyāsāviparyāsau | tadyadā viparyāsena asatsattvena gṛhyate, taimirikeṇeva keśādi, tadā kutaḥ sadbhūtapadārthaleśasyāpyupalabdhiḥ? yadā ca aviparyāsādabhūtaṃ nādhyāropitaṃ vitaimirikeṇeva keśādi, tadā kuto 'sadbhūtapadārthaleśasyāpyupalabdhiḥ, yena tadānīṃ saṃvṛtiḥ syāt? ata evoktamācāryapādaiḥ-

yataścaivaṃ bhinnau viparyāsāviparyāsau, ato viduṣāmaviparītāvasthāyāṃ viparītasyāsaṃbhavātkutaḥ sāṃvṛtaṃ cakṣuḥ yasya dharmitvaṃ syāt? iti na vyāvartate 'siddhādhāre pakṣadoṣaḥ, āśrayāsiddho vā hetudoṣaḥ | ityaparihāra evāyam ||

nidarśanasyāpi nāsti sāmyam | tatra hi śabdasāmānyamanityatāsāmānyaṃ ca avivakṣitaviśeṣaṃ dvayorapi saṃvidyate | na tvevaṃ cakṣuḥ sāmānyaṃ śūnyatāśūnyatāvādibhyāṃ saṃvṛtyā aṅgīkṛtaṃ nāpi paramārthataḥ | iti nāsti nidarśanasya sāmyam ||

yaścāyamasiddhādhārapakṣadoṣodbhāvane vidhiḥ, eṣa eva sattvādityasya hetorasiddhārthatodbhāvane 'pi yojyaḥ ||

itthaṃ caitadevam, yatsvayamaṣyanenāyaṃ yathokto 'rtho 'bhyupagatastārkikeṇa | santyevādhyātmikāyatanotpādakā hetvādayaḥ, tathā tathāgatena nirdeśāt | yaddhi yathā tathāgatenāsti nirdiṣṭaṃ tattathā, tadyathā śāntaṃ nirvāṇamiti ||

asya paropakṣiptasya sādhanasyedaṃ dūṣaṇamabhihitamanena- ko hi bhavatāmabhipreto 'tra hetvarthaḥ? saṃvṛtyā tathā tathāgatena nirdeśāt, uta paramārthata iti? saṃvṛtyā cet, svato hetorasiddhārthatā | paramārthataścet,

na sannāsanna sadasaddharmo nirvartate yadā |

sadasadubhayātmakakāryapratyayatvanirākaraṇāt, tadā-

kathaṃ nirvartako heturevaṃ sati hi yujyate ||

naivāsau nirvartako heturiti vākyārthaḥ | tataśca paramārthato nirvartyanirvartakatvāsiddheḥ asiddhārthatā viruddhārthatā vā hetoriti ||

yataścaivaṃ svayamevāmunā nyāyena hetorasiddhiraṅgīkṛtānena, tasmātsarveṣvevānumāneṣu vastu dharmopanyastahetukeṣu svata evaṃ hetvādīnāmasiddhatvāt sarvāṇyeva sādhanāni vyāhanyante | tadyathā- na paramārthataḥ parebhyastatpratyayebhyaḥ ādhyātmikāyatanajanma, paratvāt, tadyathā paṭasya | athavā- na pare paramārthena vivakṣitāḥ cakṣurādyādhyātmikāyatananirvartakāḥ pratyayā iti pratīyante, paratvāt, tadyathā tantvādaya iti | paratvādikamatra svata evāsiddham ||

yathā cānena- utpannā eva ādhyātmikā bhāvāḥ, tadviṣayiviśiṣṭavyavahārakaraṇāt- ityasya parābhihitasya hetorasiddhārthatāmudbhāvayiṣuṇā idamuktam, atha samāhitasya yoginaḥ prajñācakṣuṣā bhāvayāthātmyaṃ paśyataḥ utpādagatyādayaḥ santi paramārthata iti sādhyate, tadā tadviṣayiviśiṣṭavyavahārakaraṇāditi hetorasiddhārthatā, gaterapyutpādaniṣedhādeva niṣedhāditi | evaṃ svakṛtasādhane 'pi paramārthato 'gataṃ naiva gamyate, adhvatvāt, gatādhvavaditi adhvatvahetoḥ svata evāsiddhārthatā yojyā ||

na paramārthataḥ sabhāgaṃ cakṣū rūpaṃ paśyati, cakṣurindriyatvāt, tadyathā tatsabhāgam | tathā- na cakṣuḥ prekṣate rūpam, bhautikatvāt, rūpavat | kharasvabhāvā na mahī, bhūtatvāt, tadyathānirlaḥ, ityādiṣu hetvādyasiddhiḥ svata eva yojyā ||

sattvāditi cāyaṃ hetuḥ parato 'naikāntikaḥ | kiṃ sattvāt caitanyavannādhyātmikānyāyatanāni svata utpadyantām, utāho ghaṭādivat svata utpadyantāmiti ghaṭādīnāṃ sādhyasamatvānnānaikāntikateti cet, naitadevam, tathānabhidhānāt ||

nanu ca yathā parakīyeṣvanumāneṣu dūṣaṇamuktam, evaṃ svānumāneṣvapi yathoktadūṣaṇaprasaṅge sati sa eva asiddhādhārāsiddhahetvādidoṣaḥ prāpnoti, tataśca yaḥ ubhayordoṣaḥ, na tenaikaścodyo bhavatīti sarvametaddūṣaṇamayuktaṃ jāyata iti | ucyate | svatantramanumānaṃ bruvatāmayaṃ doṣo jāyate | na vayaṃ svatantramanumānaṃ prayuñjmamahe parapratijñāniṣedhaphalatvādasmadanumānānām | tathā hi- paraḥ cakṣuḥ paśyatīti pratipannaḥ | sa tatprasiddhenaivānumānena nirākriyate- cakṣuṣaḥ svātmādarśanadharmamicchasi, paradarśanadharmāvinābhāvitvaṃ cāṅgīkṛtam, tasmād yatra yatra svātmādarśanaṃ tatra tatra paradarśanamapi nāsti, tadyathā ghaṭe, asti ca cakṣuṣaḥ svātmādarśanam, tasmāt paradarśanamapyasya naivāsti | tataśca svātmādarśanaviruddhaṃ nīlādiparadarśanaṃ svaprasiddhenaivānumānena virudhyata iti etāvanmātramasmadanūmānairudbhāvyata iti kuto 'smatpakṣe yathoktadoṣāvatāraḥ, yataḥ samānadoṣatā syāt?

kiṃ punaḥ- anyataraprasiddhenāpyanumānenāstyanumānabādhā | asti, sā ca svaprasiddhenaiva hetunā, na paraprasiddhena, lokata evaṃ dṛṣṭatvāt | kadāciddhi loke arthipratyarthibhyāṃ pramāṇīkṛtasya sākṣiṇo vacanena jayo bhavati parājayo vā, kadācit svavacanena | paravacanena tu na jayo nāpi parājayaḥ | yathā ca loke, tathā nyāye 'pi | laukikasyaiva vyavahārasya nyāyaśāstre prastutatvāt | ata eva kaiściduktam- na parataḥ prasiddhibalādanumānabādhā, paraprasiddhereva nirācikīrṣitatvāditi | yastu manyate- ya eva ubhayaniścitavādī, sa pramāṇaṃ dūṣaṇaṃ vā, nānyataraprasiddhasaṃdigdhavācī iti, tenāpi laukikīṃ vyavasthāmanurudhyamānena anumāne yathokta eva nyāyo 'bhyupeyaḥ ||

tathā hi nobhayaprasiddhena vā āgamena bādhā, kiṃ tarhi svaprasiddhenāpi ||

svārthānumāne tu sarvatra svaprasiddhireva garīyasī, nobhayaprasiddhiḥ | ata eva tarkalakṣaṇābhidhānaṃ niṣprayojanam, yathāsvaprasiddhayā upapattyā buddhaistadanabhijñavineyajanānugrahāt | ityalaṃ prasaṅgena | prakṛtameva vyākhyāsyāmaḥ ||

parato 'pi notpadyante bhāvāḥ | parābhāvādeva etacca-

na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu vidyate |

ityatra pratipādayiṣyati | tataśca parābhāvādeva nāpi parata utpadyante | api ca-

anyatpratītya yadi nāma paro 'bhaviṣya- jjāyeta tarhi bahulaḥ śikhino 'ndhakāraḥ | Note: Pp_12 sarvasya janma ca bhavetkhalu sarvataśca tulyaṃ paratvamakhile 'janake 'pi yasmāt ||

ityādinā [madhyamakāvatārāt] parata utpattipratiṣedho 'vaseyaḥ ||

ācāryabuddhapālitastu vyācaṣṭe- na parata utpadyante bhāvāḥ, sarvataḥ sarvasaṃbhavaprasaṅgāt ācāryabhāvaviveko dūṣaṇamāha- tadatra prasaṅgavākyatvāt sādhyasādhanaviparyayaṃ kṛtvā, svataḥ ubhayataḥ ahetuto vā utpadyante bhāvāḥ, kutaścitkasyacidutpatteḥ, iti prākpakṣavirodhaḥ | anyathā sarvataḥ sarvasaṃbhavaprasaṅgāt ityasya sādhanadūṣaṇānantaḥpātitvādasaṃgatārthametat [iti] | etadapyasaṃgatārtham | pūrvameva pratipāditatvād dūṣaṇāntaḥpātitvācca parapratijñātārthadūṣaṇeneti yatkiṃcidetaditi na punaryatna āsthīyate ||

dvābhyāmapi nopajāyante bhāvāḥ, ubhayapakṣābhihitadoṣaprasaṅgāt pratyekamutpādāsāmarthyācca | vakṣyati hi-

syādubhābhyāṃ kṛtaṃ duḥkhaṃ syādekaikakṛtaṃ yadi | iti ||

ahetuto 'pi notpadyante-

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate |

iti vakṣyamāṇadoṣaprasaṅgāt,

gṛhyeta naiva ca jagadyadi hetuśūnyaṃ syādyadvadeva gaganotpalavarṇagandhau ||

ityādidoṣaprasaṅgācca ||

ācāryabuddhapālitastvāha- ahetuto notpadyante bhāvāḥ, sadā ca sarvataśca sarvasaṃbhavaprasaṅgāt | atrācāryabhāvaviveko dūṣaṇamāha- atrāpi prasaṅgavākyatvāt yadi viparītasādhyasādhanavyaktivākyārtha iṣyate, tadā etaduktaṃ bhavati- hetuta utpadyante bhāvāḥ, kadācit kutaścit kasyacidutpatteḥ, ārambhasāphalyācca | seyaṃ vyākhyā na yuktā prāguktadoṣāditi | tadetadayuktam, pūrvoditaparihārādityapare ||

yaccāpi īśvarādīnāmupasaṃgrahārtham, tadāpi na yuktam | īśvarādīnāṃ svaparobhayapakṣeṣu yathābhyupagamamantarbhāvāditi ||

tasmāt prasādhitametannāstyutpāda iti | utpādāsaṃbhavācca siddho 'nutpādādiviśiṣṭa pratītyasamutpāda iti ||

tathā- utpādādvā tathāgatānāmanutpādādvā tathāgatānāṃ sthitaivaiṣā dharmāṇāṃ dharmatā, eko dharmaḥ sattvasthitaye yaduta catvāra āhārāḥ, dvau dharmau lokaṃ pālayato hrīścāpatrāpyaṃ cetyādi, tathā- paralokādihāgamanamihalokācca paralokagamanamiti, evaṃ nirodhādiviśiṣṭaḥ pratītyasamutpādo deśito bhagavatā, sa kathaṃ na ni (vi?) rudhyata iti? yata evaṃ nirodhādayaḥ pratītyasamutpādasyopalabhyante, ata evedaṃ madhyamakaśāstraṃ praṇītamācāryeṇa neyanītārthasūtrāntavibhāgopadarśanārtham | tatra ya ete pratītyasamutpādasyotpādādaya uktāḥ, na te vigatāvidyātimirānāsravaviṣayasvabhāvāpekṣayā, kiṃ tarhi avidyātimiropahatamatinayanajñānaviṣayāpekṣayā ||

tattvadarśanāpekṣayā tūktaṃ bhagavatā- etaddhi bhikṣavaḥ paramaṃ satyaṃ yaduta amoṣadharma nirvāṇam, sarvasaṃskārāśca mṛṣā moṣadharmāṇaḥ iti | tathā- nāstyatra tathatā vā avitathatā vā | moṣadharmaka mapyetat, pralopadharmakamapyetat, mṛṣāpyetat, māyeyaṃ bālalāpinī iti | tathā-

nirātmakatvācca dharmāṇāmityādi ||

yasyaivaṃ deśanābhiprāyānabhijñatayā saṃdehaḥ syāt- kā hyatra deśanā tattvārthā, kā nu khalu ābhiprāyikīti, yaścāpi mandabuddhitayā neyārthāṃ deśanāṃ nītārthāmavagacchati, tayorubhayorapi vineyajanayoḥ ācāryo yuktyāgamābhyāṃ saṃśayamithyājñānāpākaraṇārthaṃ śāstramidamārabdhavān ||

tatra 'na svataḥ'; ityādinā yuktirupavarṇitā ||

ityādinā āgamo varṇitaḥ ||

uktaṃ ca āryākṣayamatisūtre-

katame sūtrāntā neyārthāḥ katame nītārthāḥ? ye sūtrāntā mārgavatārāya nirdiṣṭāḥ, ima ucyanteḥ neyārthāḥ | ye sūtrāntāḥ phalāvatārāya nirdiṣṭāḥ, ima ucyante neyārthāḥ | yāvad ye sūtrāntāḥ śūnyatānimittāpraṇihitānabhisaṃskārājātānutpādābhāvanirātmaniḥ sattvanirjīvaniḥ pudgalāsvāmikavimokṣamukhā nirdiṣṭāḥ ta ucyante nītārthāḥ | iyamucyate bhadanta śāradvatīputra nītārthasūtrāntapratiśaraṇatā, na neyārthasūtrāntapratiśaraṇatā iti ||

tathā ca āryasamādhirājasūtre-

tasmādutpādādideśanāṃ mṛṣārthāṃ pratipādayituṃ pratītyasamutpādānudarśanamārabdhavānācāryaḥ ||

nanu ca- utpādādīnāmabhāve sati yadi sarvadharmāṇāṃ mṛṣātvapratipādanārthamidamārabdhavānācāryaḥ nanvevaṃ sati yanmṛṣā na tadastīti na santyakuśalāni karmāṇi, tadabhāvānna santi durgatayaḥ, na santi kuśalāni karmāṇi, tadabhāvānna santi sugatayaḥ, sugatidurgatyasaṃbhavācca nāsti saṃsāraḥ, iti sarvārambhavaiyarthyameva sthāt | ucyate | saṃvṛtisatyavyapekṣayā lokasya idaṃsatyābhiniveśasya pratipakṣabhāvena mṛṣārthatā bhāvānāṃ pratipādyate 'smābhiḥ | naiva tvāryāḥ kṛtakāryāḥ kiṃcidupalabhante yanmṛṣā amṛṣā vā syāditi | api ca | yena hi sarvadharmāṇāṃ mṛṣātvaṃ parijñātaṃ kiṃ tasya karmāṇi santi, saṃsāro vā asti? na cāpyasau kasyaciddharmassya astitvaṃ nāstitvaṃ vopalabhate | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā āryaratnakūṭasūtre-

cittaṃ hi kāśyapa parigaveṣyamāṇaṃ na labhyate | yanna labhyate tannopalabhyate | yannopalabhyate tannaiva atītaṃ na anāgataṃ na pratyutpannam | yannaivātītaṃ nānāgataṃ na pratyutpannam, tasya nāsti svabhāvaḥ | yasya nāsti svabhāvaḥ, tasya nāstyutpādaḥ | yasya nāstyutpādaḥ, tasya nāsti nirodhaḥ || iti vistaraḥ ||

yastu viparyāsānugamānmṛṣātvaṃ nāvagacchati, pratītya bhāvānā svabhāvamabhiniviśate, sa dharmeṣvidaṃsatyābhiniveśādabhiniviṣṭaḥ san karmāṇyapi karoti, saṃsāre 'pi saṃsarati, viparyāsāvasthitatvānna bhavyo nirvāṇamadhigantum ||

kiṃ punaḥ- mṛṣāsvabhāvā api padārthāḥ saṃkleśavyavadānanibandhanaṃ bhavanti | tadyathā māyāyuvatistatsvabhāvānabhijñānām, tathāgatanirmitaśca upacitakuśalamūlānām | uktaṃ hi dṛḍhādhyāśayaparipṛcchāsūtre-

tadyathā kulaputra māyākāranāṭake pratyupasthite māyākāranirmitāṃ striyaṃ dṛṣṭvā kaścidrāgaparītacittāḥ parṣacchāradyabhayena utthāyāsanādapakrāmet, so 'pakramya tāmeva striyamaśubhato manasikuryāt, anityato duḥkhataḥ śūnyato 'nātmato manasikuryāt | iti vistaraḥ ||

vinaye ca-

yantrakārakāritā yantrayuvatiḥ sadbhūtayuvatiśūnyā sadbhūtayuvatirūpeṇa pratibhāsate, tasya ca citrakārasya kāmarāgāspadībhūtā | tathā mṛṣāsvabhāvā api bhāvā bālānāṃ saṃkleśavyavadānanibandhanaṃ bhavanti ||

tathā āryaratnakūṭasūtre-

atha khalu tāni pañcamātrāṇi bhikṣuśatāni bhagavato dharmadeśanāmanavatarantyanavagāhamānānyanadhimucyamānāni utthāyāsanebhyaḥ prakrāntāni | atha bhagavān [tasyāṃ velāyāṃ] yena mārgeṇaite bhikṣavo gacchanti sma, tasmin mārge dvau bhikṣū nirmimīte sma ||

atha tāni pañca bhikṣuśatāni yena [mārgeṇa] tau dvau bhikṣū [nirmitakau] tenopasaṃkrāmanti sma | upasaṃkramya tāvavocan- kutrāyuṣmantau gamiṣyathaḥ? nirmitakāvavocatām- gamiṣyāva āvāmaraṇyāyataneṣu, tatra dhyānasukhasparśavihārairvihariṣyāvaḥ | yaṃ hi bhagavān dharmaṃ deśayati, tamāvāṃ nāvatarāvo nāvagāhāvahe nādhimucyāmahe uttrasyāvaḥ saṃtrāsamāpadyāvahe | atha tāni pañca bhikṣuśatānyetadavocan- vayamapyāyuṣmanto bhagavato dharmadeśanāṃ nāvatarāmo nāvagāhāmahe nādhimucyāmahe uttrasyāmaḥ saṃtrasyāmaḥ saṃtrāsamāpadyāmahe | tena vayamaraṇyāyataneṣu dhyānasukhasparśavihārairvihariṣyāmaḥ | nirmitakāvavocatām- tena hi āyuṣmantaḥ saṃgāsyāmo na vivadiṣyāmaḥ | avivādaparamā hi śramaṇasya dharmāḥ | kasyāyuṣmantaḥ prahāṇāya pratipannāḥ? tānyavocan- rāgadveṣamohānāṃ prahāṇāya vayaṃ pratipannāḥ | nirmitakāvavocatām- kiṃ punarāyuṣmatāṃ saṃvidyante rāgadveṣamohā yān kṣapayiṣyatha? tānyavocan- na te 'dhyātmaṃ na bahirdhā nobhayamantareṇopalabhyante, nāpi te 'parikalpitā utpadyante | nirmitakāvavocatām- tena hi āyuṣmanto mā kalpayata, [mā vikalpayata] | yadā cāyuṣmanto na kalpayiṣyatha na vikalpayiṣyatha, tadā na raṃkṣyatha na viraṃkṣyatha | yaśca na rakto na viraktaḥ, sa śānta ityucyate | śīlamāyuṣmanto na saṃsarati na parinirvāti | samādhiḥ prajñā vimuktirvimuktijñānadarśanamāyuṣmanto (Pp_16) na saṃsarati na parinirvāti | ebhiścāyuṣmanto dharmairnirvāṇaṃ sūcyate | ete ca dharmāḥ śūnyāḥ prakṛtiviviktāḥ | prajahītaitāmāyuṣmantaḥ saṃjñāṃ yaduta parinirvāṇamiti | mā ca saṃjñāyāṃ saṃjñā kārṣṭa, mā ca saṃjñāyāṃ saṃjñāṃ parijñāsiṣṭa | yo hi saṃjñāyāṃ saṃjñāṃ parijānāti, saṃjñā bandhanamevāsya tadbhavati | saṃjñāvedayitanirodhasamāpattimāyuṣmantaḥ samāpadyadhvam | saṃjñāvedayitanirodhasamāpattisamāpannasya bhikṣornāstyuttarīkaraṇīyamiti vadāvaḥ ||

atha teṣāṃ pañcānāṃ bhikṣuśatānāmanupādāyāśravebhyaścittāni vimuktānyabhūvan | tāni vimuktacittāni yena bhagavāṃstenopasaṃkrāntāni | upasaṃkramya bhagavataḥ pādau śirasābhivandyaikānte nyasīdan |

athāyuṣmān subhūtistān | bhikṣūnetadavocat- kutrāyuṣmanto gatāḥ kuto vāgatāḥ te 'vocan- na kvacidgamanāya na kutaścidāgamanāya bhadanta subhūte bhagavatā dharmo deśitaḥ āha- ko nāmāyuṣmatāṃ śāstā? āhuḥ- yo notpanno na parinirvāsyati | āha- kathaṃ yuṣmābhirdharmaḥ śrutaḥ? āhuḥ- na bandhanāya na mokṣāya | āha- kena yūyaṃ vinītāḥ? āhuḥ- yasya na kāyo na cittam | āha- kathaṃ yūyaṃ prayuktāḥ? āhuḥ- nāvidyāprahāṇāya na vidyotpādanāya | āha- kasya yūyaṃ śrāvakāḥ? āhuḥ- yena na prāptaṃ nābhisaṃbuddham | āha- ke yuṣmākaṃ sabrahmacāriṇaḥ? āhuḥ- ye traidhātuke nopavicaranti | āha- kiyaccireṇāyuṣmantaḥ parinirvāsyanti āhuḥ- yadā tathāgatanirmitāḥ parinirvāsyanti | āha- kṛtaṃ yuṣmābhiḥ karaṇīyam? āhuḥ- ahaṃ kāramamakāraparijñānataḥ | āha- kṣīṇā yuṣmākaṃ kleśāḥ? āhuḥ- atyantakṣayātsarvadharmāṇām | āha- dharṣito yuṣmābhirmāraḥ? āhuḥ- skandhamārānupalambhāt | āha- dharṣito yuṣmābhirmāraḥ? āhuḥ- skandhamārānupalambhāt | āha- paricarito yuṣmābhiḥ śāstā? āhuḥ- na kāyena na vācā na manasā | āha- viśodhitā yuṣmābhirdakṣiṇīyabhūmiḥ? āhuḥ- agrāhato 'pratigrāhataḥ | āha- uttīrṇo yuṣmābhiḥ saṃsāraḥ? āhuḥ- anucchedato 'śāśvatataḥ | āha- pratipannā yuṣmābhirdakṣiṇīyabhūmiḥ? āhuḥ- sarvagrāhavinirmuktitaḥ | āha- kiṃgāmina āyuṣmantaḥ? āhuḥ- yaṃgāminastathāgatanirmitāḥ | iti hyāyuṣmataḥ subhūteḥ paripṛcchatasteṣāṃ bhikṣūṇāṃ prativisarjayatāṃ tasyāṃ parṣadi aṣṭānāṃ bhikṣuśatānāmanupādāyāśravebhyaścittāni vimuktāni, dvātriṃśataśca prāṇisahasrāṇāṃ virajo vigatamalaṃ dharmacakṣurviśuddham | iti ||

ityevaṃ mṛṣāsvabhāvābhyāṃ tathāgatanirmitābhyāṃ bhikṣubhyāṃ pañcānāṃ bhikṣuśatānāṃ vyavadānanibandhanaṃ kṛtamiti ||

uktaṃ ca āryavajramaṇḍāyāṃ dhāraṇyām-

tadyathā mañjuśrīḥ kāṇḍaṃ ca pratītya mathanīṃ ca pratītya puruṣasya hastavyāyāmaṃ ca pratītya dhūmaḥ prādurbhavatīti agnirabhinirvartate | sa cāgnisaṃtāpo na kāṇḍasaṃniśrito na mathanīsaṃniśrito na puruṣahastavyāyāmasaṃniśritaḥ | evameva mañjuśrīḥ asadviparyāsamohitasya puruṣapudgalasya utpadyate rāgaparidāho dveṣaparidāho mohaparidāhaḥ | sa ca paridāho nādhyātmaṃ na bahirdhā nobhayamantareṇa sthitaḥ ||

api tu mañjuśrīḥ yaducyate moha iti, tatkena kāraṇenocyate moha iti? atyantamukto hi mañjuśrīḥ sarvadharmairmohastenocyate moha iti | tathā narakamukhā mañjuśrīḥ sarvadharmā idaṃ dhāraṇīpadam | (Pp_17) āha- kathaṃ bhagavannidaṃ dhāraṇīpadam? āha- narakā mañjuśrīḥ bālapṛgthajanairasadviparyāsaviṭhapitāḥ svavikalpasaṃbhūtāḥ | āha- kutra bhagavannarakāḥ samavasaranti? bhagavānāha- ākāśasamavasaraṇā mañjuśrīḥ narakāḥ | tatkiṃ manyase mañjuśrīḥ svavikalpasaṃbhūtā narakā uta svabhāvasaṃbhūtāḥ? āha- svavikalpenaiva bhagavan sarvabālapṛthagjanāṃ narakatiryagyoniyamalokaṃ saṃjānanti | te ca asatsamāropeṇa duḥkhāṃ vedanāṃ vedayanti duḥkhamanubhavanti triṣvapyapāyeṣu ||

yathā cāhaṃ bhagavan narakān paśyāmi tathā nārakaṃ duḥkham | tadyathā bhagavan kaścideva puruṣaḥ suptaḥ svapnāntaragato narakagatamātmānaṃ saṃjānīte | sa tatra kvathitāyāṃ saṃprajvalitāyāmanekapauruṣāyāṃ lohakumbhyāṃ prakṣiptamātmānaṃ saṃjānŌṣyāt | sa tatra kharāṃ kaṭukāṃ tŌṣvrāṃ duḥkhāṃ vedanāṃ vedayet | sa tatra mānasaṃ paridāhaṃ saṃjānŌṣyāt uttraset saṃtrāsamāpadyeta | sa tatra pratibuddhaḥ samānaḥ- aho duḥkham, aho duḥkham, iti krandet śocet paridevet | atha tasya mitrajñāti sālohitāḥ paripṛccheyuḥ- kena tatte duḥkhamiti | sa tān mitrajñātisālohitānevaṃ vadet- nairayikaṃ duḥkhamanubhūtam | sa tānākrośet paribhāṣet- ahaṃ ca nāma nairayikaṃ duḥkhamanubhavāmi | yūyaṃ ca me uttari paripṛcchatha kenaitattava duḥkhamiti | atha te mitrajñātisālohitāstaṃ puruṣamevaṃ vadeyuḥ- mā bhairmoḥ puruṣa | supto hi tvam | na tvamito gṛhāt kvacinnirgataḥ | tasya punarapi smṛti rutpadyate- supto 'hamabhūvam | vitathametanmayā parikalpitamiti | sa punarapi saumanasyaṃ pratilabhate ||

tadyathā bhagavan sa puruṣo 'satsamāropeṇa suptaḥ svapnāntaragato narakagatamātmānaṃ saṃjānīyāt, evameva bhagavan sarvabālapṛthagjanā asadbhāgaparyavanaddhāḥ strīnimittaṃ kalpayanti | te strīnimittaṃ kalpayitvā tābhiḥ sārdhaṃ ramamāṇamātmānaṃ saṃjānanti | tasya bālapṛthajanasyaivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ puruṣaḥ, iyaṃ strī, mamaiṣā strī | tasya tena cchandarāgaparyavasthitena cittena bhogaparyeṣṭiṃ cittaṃ krāmayanti | sa tatonidānaṃ kalahavigrahavivādaṃ saṃjanayati | tasya praduṣṭendriyasya vairaṃ saṃjāyate | sa tena saṃjñāviparyāsena kālagataḥ samāno bahūni kalpasahasrāṇi narakeṣu duḥkhāṃ vedanāṃ vedayamānamātmānaṃ saṃjānāti ||

tadyathā bhagavan tasya puruṣasya mitrajñātisālohitā evaṃ vadanti- mā bhaiḥ, mā bhaiḥ, bho puruṣa | supto hi tvam | na tvamito gṛhyat kutaścinnirgataḥ iti | evameva buddhā bhagavantaścaturviparyāsaviparyastānāṃ sattvānāmevaṃ dharmaṃ deśayanti- nātra strī na puruṣo na sattvo na jīvo na puruṣo na pudgalaḥ | vitathā ime sarvadharmāḥ | asanta ime sarvadharmāḥ | viṭhapitā ime sarvadharmāḥ | māyopamā ime sarvadharmāḥ | svapnopamā ime sarvadharmāḥ | nirmitopamā ime sarvadharmāḥ | udakacandropamā ime sarvadharmāḥ | iti vistaraḥ | te imāṃ tathāgatasya dharmadeśanāṃ śrutvā vigatarāgān sarvadharmān paśyanti | vigatamohān sarvadharmān paśyanti asvabhāvānanāvaraṇān | te ākāśasthitena cetasā kālaṃ kurvanti | te kālagatāḥ samānā nirupadhiśeṣe nirvāṇadhātau parinirvānti | evamahaṃ bhagavan narakān paśyāmi | iti ||

uktaṃ ca āryopāliparipṛcchāyām-

tadevamete 'svabhāvā bhāvāḥ svaviparyāsaviṭhapitā bālānāṃ saṃkleśahetavo bhavanti saṃsāre iti sthitam ||

yathā ca mṛṣāsvabhāvānāṃ padārthānāṃ saṃkleśavyavadānahetutvaṃ tathā madhyamakāvatārādvistareṇāvaseyam ||

atrāha- yadi svataḥ parataḥ ubhayato 'hetutaśca nāsti bhāvānāmutpādaḥ, tatra kathamavidyā pratyayāḥ saṃskārā ityuktaṃ bhagavatā? ucyate | saṃvṛtireva na tattvam ||

kiṃ saṃvṛtervyavasthānaṃ vaktavyam? idaṃpratyayatāmātreṇa saṃvṛteḥ siddhirabhyupagamyate | na tu pakṣacatuṣṭayābhyupagamena sasvabhāvavādaprasaṅgāt, tasya cāyuktatvāt | idaṃpratyayatāmātrābhyupagame hi sati hetuphalayoranyonyāpekṣatvānnāsti svābhāvikī siddhiriti nāsti sasvabhāvavādaḥ | ata evoktam-

ihāpi vakṣyati-

bhagavatāpyetāvanmātramevoktam-

tatrāyaṃ dharmasaṃketo yadutāsmin satīdaṃ bhavati, asyotpādādidamutpadyate, yaduta avidyā pratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ, saṃskārapratyayaṃ vijñānamityādi ||

atra kecitparicodayanti- anutpannā bhāvā iti kimayaṃ pramāṇajo niścaya utāpramāṇajaḥ? tatra yadi pramāṇaja iṣyate, tadedaṃ vaktavyam- kati pramāṇāni kiṃlakṣaṇāni kiṃviṣayāṇi, kiṃ svata utpannāni kiṃ parata ubhayato 'hetuto veti | athāpramāṇajaḥ, sa na yuktaḥ, pramāṇādhīnatvātprameyādhigamasya | anadhigato hyartho na vinā pramāṇairadhigantuṃ śakyata iti pramāṇābhāvādarthādhigamābhāve sati kuto 'yaṃ samyagniścaya iti na yuktametadaniṣpannā bhāvā iti | yato vāyaṃ niścayo bhavato 'nutpannā bhāvā iti bhaviṣyati, tata eva mamāpi sarvabhāvāḥ santīti | yathā cāyaṃ te niścayaḥ- anutpannāḥ sarvadharmā iti, tathaiva mamāpi sarvabhāvotpattirbhaviṣyati | atha te nāsti niścayo 'nutpannāḥ sarvabhāvā iti, tadā svayamaniścitasya parapratyāyanāsaṃbhavācchāstrārambhavaiyarthyameveti santyapratiṣiddhāḥ sarvabhāvā iti ||

ucyate | yadi kaścinniścayo nāmāsmākaṃ syāt, sa pramāṇajo vā syādapramāṇajo vā | na tvasti | kiṃ kāraṇam? ihāniścayasaṃbhave sati syāttatpratipakṣastadapekṣo niścayaḥ | yadā tvaniścaya eva tāvadasmākaṃ nāsti, tadā kutastadviruddhāviruddho niścayaḥ syāt saṃbandhyantaranirapekṣatvāt, kharaviṣāṇasya hrasvadīrghatāvat | yadā caivaṃ niścayasyābhāvaḥ, tadā kasya prasiddhayarthaṃ pramāṇāni parikalpayiṣyāmaḥ? kuto vaiṣāṃ saṃkhyā lakṣaṇaṃ viṣayo vā bhaviṣyati- svataḥ parata ubhayato 'hetuto vā samutpattiriti sarvametanna vaktavyamasmābhiḥ ||

yadyevaṃ niścayo nāsti sarvataḥ, kathaṃ punaridaṃ niścitarūpaṃ vākyamupalabhyate bhavatām- na svato nāpi parato na dvābhyāṃ nāpyahetuto bhāvā bhavantīti? ucyate | niścitamidaṃ vākyaṃ lokasya svaprasiddhayaivopapattyā, nāryāṇām | kiṃ khalu āryāṇāmupapattirnāsti? kenaitaduktamasti vā nāsti veti | paramārtho hyāryāṇāṃ tūṣṇīṃbhāvaḥ | tataḥ kutastatra prapañcasaṃbhavo yadupapattiranupapattirvā syāt?

yadi hyāryā upapattiṃ na varṇayanti, kena khalvidānīṃ paramārthaṃ lokaṃ bodhayiṣyanti? na khalvāryā lokasaṃvyavahāreṇopapattiṃ varṇayanti, kiṃ tu lokata eva yā prasiddhopapattiḥ, tāṃ parāvabodhārthamabhyupetya tayaiva lokaṃ bodhayanti | yathaiva hi vidyamānāmapi śarīrāśucitāṃ viparyāsānugatā rāgiṇo nopalabhante, śubhākāraṃ cābhūtamadhyāropya parikliśyante, teṣāṃ vairāgyārthaṃ tathāgatanirmito (Pp_20) devo vā śubhasaṃjñayā prāk pracchāditān kāyadoṣānupavarṇayet- santyasmin kāye keśā ityādinā | te ca tasyāḥ śubhasaṃjñāyā vimuktā vairāgyamāsādayeyuḥ | evamihāpyāryaiḥ sarvathāpyanupalabhyamānātmakaṃ bhāvānāmavidyātimiropahatamatinayanatayā viparītaṃ svabhāvamadhyāropya kvacicca kaṃcidviśeṣamatitarāṃ parikliśyanti pṛthagjanāḥ | tānidānīmāryāḥ tatprasiddhayaivopapattyā paribodhayanti | yathā vidyamānasya ghaṭasya na mṛdādibhya utpāda ityabhyupetam, evamutpādātpūrvaṃ vidyamānasya vidyamānatvānnāstyutpāda ityavasīyatām | yathā ca parabhūtebhyo jvālāṅgārādibhyo 'ṅkurasyotpattirnāsti iti abhyupetam, evaṃ vivakṣitebhyo 'pi bījādibhyo nāstītyavasīyatām ||

athāpi syāt- anubhava eṣo 'smākamiti, etadapyuktam | yasmādanubhava eṣa mṛṣā, anubhavatvāt, taimirikadvicandrādyanubhavavaditi | tataścānubhavasyāpi sādhyasamatvāttena pratyavasthānaṃ na yuktamiti | tasmādanutpannā bhāvā ityevaṃ tāvadviparītasvarūpādhyāropapratipakṣeṇa prathamaprakaraṇārambhaḥ | idānīṃ kvacidyaḥ kaścidviśeṣo 'dhyāropitaḥ, tadviśeṣāpākaraṇārthaṃ śeṣaprakaraṇārambhaḥ, gantṛgantavyagamanādiko 'pi niravaśeṣo viśeṣo nāsti pratītyasamutpādasyeti pratipādanārtham ||

atha syāt- eṣa eva pramāṇapremeyavyavahāro laukiko 'smābhiḥ śāstreṇānuvarṇita iti, tadanuvarṇanasya tarhi phalaṃ vācyam | kutārkikaiḥ sa nāśito viparītalakṣaṇābhidhānena, tasyāsmābhiḥ samyaglakṣaṇamuktamiti cet, etadapyayuktam | yadi hi kutārkikairviparītalakṣaṇapraṇayanātkṛtaṃ lakṣyavaiparītyaṃ lokasya syāt, tadarthaṃ prayatnasāphalyaṃ syāt | na caitadevam | iti vyartha evārya prayatna iti ||

api ca | yadi pramāṇādhīnaḥ prameyādhigamaḥ, tāni pramāṇāni kena paricchidyanta ityādinā vigrahavyāvartanyāṃ vihito doṣaḥ | tadaparihārāt samyaglakṣaṇadyotakatvamapi nāsti ||

kiṃ ca | yadi svasāmānyalakṣaṇadvayānurodhena pramāṇadvayamuktaṃ yasya tallakṣaṇadvayam, kiṃ tallakṣyamasti atha nāsti? yadyasti, tadā tadaparaṃ prameyamastīti kathaṃ pramāṇadvayam? atha nāsti lakṣyam, tadā lakṣaṇamapi nirāśrayaṃ nāstīti kathaṃ pramāṇadvayam? vakṣyati hi-

atha syāt- na lakṣyate 'neneti lakṣaṇam, kiṃ tarhi 'kṛtyalyuṭo bahulam'; iti karmaṇi lyuṭaṃ kṛtvā lakṣyate taditi lakṣaṇam | evamapi tenaitasya lakṣyamāṇatvāsaṃbhavādyenaitallakṣyate, tasya karaṇasya karmaṇo 'rthāntaratvāt sa eva doṣaḥ ||

atha syāt- jñānasya karaṇatvāttasya ca svalakṣaṇāntarbhāvādayamadoṣa iti, ucyate | iha bhāvānāmanyāsādhāraṇamātmīyaṃ yatsvarūpaṃ tatsvalakṣaṇam, tadyathā pṛthivyāḥ kāṭhinyaṃ vedanāyā viṣayānubhavo vijñānasya viṣayaprativijñaptiḥ | tena hi tallakṣyata iti kṛtvā prasiddhānugatāṃ ca (Pp_21) vyutpattimavadhūya karmasādhanamabhyupagacchati | vijñānasya ca karaṇabhāvaṃ pratipadyamānenetyuktaṃ bhavati svalakṣaṇasyaiva karmatā svalakṣaṇāntarasya karaṇabhāvaśceti | tatra yadi vijñānasvalakṣaṇaṃ karaṇam, tasya vyatiriktena karmaṇā bhavitavyamiti sa eva doṣaḥ ||

atha syāt- yatpṛthivyādigataṃ kāṭhinyādikaṃ vijñānagamyaṃ tattasya karmāstyeva, tacca svalakṣaṇāvyatiriktamiti | evaṃ tarhi vijñānasvalakṣaṇasya karmatvābhāvātprameyatvaṃ na syāt, karmarūpasyaiva svalakṣaṇasya prameyatvāt | tataśca dvividhaṃ prameyaṃ svalakṣaṇaṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ ca ityetadviśeṣya vaktavyam- kiṃcitsvalakṣaṇaṃ prameyaṃ yallakṣyata ityevaṃ vyapadiśyate, kiṃcidaprameyaṃ yallakṣyate 'neneti vyapadiśyata iti | atha tadapi karmasādhanaṃ tadā tasyānyena karaṇena bhavitavyam | jñānāntarasya karaṇabhāvaparikalpanāyāmanavasthādoṣaścāpadyate ||

atha manyase- svasaṃvittirasti, tatastayā svasaṃvityā grahaṇātkarmatāyā satyāmastyeva prameyāntarbhāva iti, ucyate | vistareṇa madhyamakāvatāre svasaṃvittiniṣedhāt svalakṣaṇaṃ svalakṣaṇāntareṇa lakṣyate, tadapi svasaṃvittyā iti na yujyate | api ca | tadapi nāma jñānaṃ svalakṣaṇavyatirekeṇāsiddherasaṃbhavāllakṣyābhāve nirāśrayalakṣaṇapravṛttyasaṃbhavāt sarvathā nāstīti kutaḥ svasaṃvittiḥ? tathā coktamāryaratnacūḍaparipṛcchāyām-

sa cittamasamanupaśyan cittadhārāṃ paryeṣate kutaścittasyotpattiriti | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- ālambane sati cittamutpadyate | tatkimanyadālambanamanyaccittam, atha yadevālambanaṃ tadeva cittam? yadi tāvadanyadālambanamanyaccittam, tadā dvicittatā bhaviṣyati | atha yadevālambanaṃ tadeva cittam, tatkathaṃ cittena cittaṃ samanupaśyati? na ca cittaṃ cittaṃ samanupaśyati | tadyathāpi nāma tayaivāsidhārayā saivāsidhārā na śakyate chettum, na tenaivāṅgulyagreṇa tadevāṅgulyagraṃ śakyate spraṣṭum, evameva na tenaiva cittena tadeva cittaṃ śakyaṃ draṣṭum | tasyaivaṃ yoniśaḥ prayuktasya yā cittasyānavasthānatā anucchedāśāśvatatā na kūṭasthatā nāhetukī na pratyayaviruddhā na tato nānyato na saiva nānyā | tāṃ cittadhārāṃ cittalatāṃ cittadharmatāṃ cittānavasthitatāṃ cittāpracāratāṃ cittādṛśyatāṃ cittasvalakṣaṇatāṃ tathā jānāti tathā paśyati yathā tathatāṃ na ca nirodhayati | tāṃ ca cittavivekatāṃ tathā prajānāti tathā paśyati | iyaṃ kulaputra [bodhisattvasya] citte cittānupaśyanā smṛtyupasthānamiti ||

tadevaṃ nāsti svasaṃvittiḥ | tadabhāvāt kiṃ kena lakṣyate?

kiṃ ca | bhedena vā tallakṣaṇaṃ lakṣyātsyādabhedena vā? tatra yadi tāvad bhedena, tadā lakṣyād bhinnatvādalakṣaṇavallakṣaṇamapi na lakṣaṇam | lakṣaṇācca bhinnatvādalakṣyavallakṣyamapi na lakṣyam | tathā lakṣyādbhinnatvāllakṣaṇasya lakṣaṇanirapekṣaṃ lakṣyaṃ syāt | tataśca na tallakṣyaṃ lakṣaṇanirapekṣatvāt khapuṣpavat | athābhinne lakṣyalakṣaṇe, tadā lakṣaṇādavyatiriktattvāllakṣaṇasvātmavadvihīyate (Pp_22) lakṣyasya lakṣyatā | lakṣyāccāvyatiriktatvāllakṣyasvātmavallakṣaṇamapi na lakṣaṇasvabhāvam | yathā coktam-

na ca vinā tattvānyatvena lakṣyalakṣaṇasiddhau anyā gatirasti | tathā ca vakṣyati-

athavocyate- avācyatayā siddhirbhaviṣyatīti cet, naitadevam | avācyatā hi nāma parasparavibhāgaparijñānābhāve sati bhavati | yatra ca vibhāgaparijñānaṃ nāsti, tatra idaṃ lakṣaṇam, idaṃ lakṣyam, iti viśeṣataḥ paricchedāsaṃbhave sati dvayorapyabhāva eveti | tasmādavācyatayāpi nāsti siddhiḥ ||

api ca | yadi jñānaṃ karaṇaṃ viṣayasya paricchede, kaḥ kartā? na ca kartāramantareṇāsti karaṇādīnāṃ saṃbhavaḥ chidikriyāyāmiva | atha cittasya tatra kartṛtvaṃ parikalpyate, tadapi na yuktam, yasmādarthamātradarśanaṃ cittasya vyāpāraḥ, arthaviśeṣadarśanaṃ caitasānām,

tatrārthadṛṣṭirvijñānaṃ tadviśeṣe tu caitasāḥ |

ityabhyupagamāt | ekasyāṃ hi pradhānakriyāyāṃ sādhyāyāṃ yathāsvaṃ guṇakriyānirvṛttidvāreṇāṅgībhāvopagamāt | karaṇādīnāṃ karaṇāditvam | na ceha jñānavijñānayorekā pradhānakriyā, kiṃ tarhi, arthamātraparicchittirvijñānasya pradhānakriyā, jñānasya tu arthaviśeṣapariccheda iti nāsti jñānasya karaṇatvaṃ nāpi cittasya kartṛtvam | tataśca sa eva doṣaḥ ||

atha syāt- anātmānaḥ sarvadharmā ityāgamāt kartuḥ sarvathābhāvāt kartāramantareṇāpi vidyata eva kriyādivyavahāra iti, etadapi nāsti | āgamasya samyagarthānavadhāraṇāt | etadevoktaṃ madhyamakāvatāre ||

athāpi syāt- yathā śilāputrakasya śarīram, rāhoḥ śiraḥ, iti śarīraśirovyatiriktaviśeṣaṇāsaṃbhave 'pi viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyabhāvo 'sti, evaṃ pṛthivyāḥ svalakṣaṇamiti svalakṣaṇavyatiriktapṛthivyasaṃbhave 'pi bhaviṣyatīti, naitadevam | atulyatvāt | śarīraśiraḥśabdayohi buddhayādipāṇyādivatsahabhāvipadārthāntarasāpekṣatāpravṛttau śarīraśiraḥ śabdamātrālambano buddhayupajananaḥ sahacāripadārthāntarasākāṅkṣa eva vartate, kasya śarīram, kasya śira iti | itaro 'pi viśeṣaṇāntaraḥ saṃbandhanirācikīrṣayā | śilāputrakarāhuviśeṣaṇadhvaninā laukikasaṃketānuvidhāyinā pratikartuḥ kāṅkṣāmapahantīti yuktam | iha tu kāṭhinyādivyatiriktapṛthivyādyasaṃbhave sati na yukto viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyabhāvaḥ | (Pp_23) tīrthikairvyatiriktalakṣyābhyupagamāttadanurodhena viśeṣaṇābhidhānamaduṣṭamiti cet, naitadevam | na hi tīrthikaparikalpitā yuktividhurāḥ padārthāḥ svasamaye 'bhyupagantuṃ nyāyyāḥ, pramāṇāntarāderapyabhyugamaprasaṅgāt | api ca | pudgalādiprajñaptivat saśarīropādānasya śilāputrakasyopādāturlaukikavyavahārāṅgabhūtasya viśeṣaṇasyāvicāraprasiddhasya sadbhāvāt, śiraupādānasya ca rāhorupādātuḥ sadbhāvādayuktametannidarśanam | śarīraśirovyatiriktasyārthāntarasyāsiddhestanmātrasyopalambhāt siddhameva nidarśanamiti cet, naitadevam | laukike vyavahāre itthaṃ vicārāpravṛtteravicārataśca laukikapadārthānāmastitvāt | yathaiva hi rūpādivyatirekeṇa vicāryamāṇa ātmā na saṃbhavati, api ca lokasaṃvṛtyā skandhānupādāya asyāstitvam, evaṃ rāhuśilāputrakayorapīti nāsti nidarśanasiddhiḥ ||

evaṃ pṛthivyādīnāṃ yadyapi kāṭhinyādivyatiriktaṃ vicāryamāṇaṃ lakṣyaṃ nāsti, lakṣyavyatirekeṇa ca lakṣaṇaṃ nirāśrayam, tathāpi saṃvṛtireveti parasparāpekṣayā tayoḥ siddhayā siddhiṃ vyavasthāpayāṃbabhūvurācāryāḥ | avaśyaṃ caitadevamabhyupeyam | anyathā hi saṃvṛtirupapattyā na viyujyeta, tadeva tattvameva syānna saṃvṛtiḥ | na ca upapattyā vicāryamāṇānāṃ śilāputrakādīmevāsaṃbhavaḥ, kiṃ tarhi vakṣyamāṇayā yuktyā rūpavedanādīnāmapi nāsti saṃbhava iti teṣāmapi saṃvṛtyā śilāputrakādivannāstitvamāstheyaṃ syāt | na caitadevamityasadetat ||

atha syāt- kimanayā sūkṣmekṣikayā? naiva hi vayaṃ sarvapramāṇaprameyavyavahāraṃ satyamityācakṣmahe, kiṃ tu lokaprasiddhireṣā amunā nyāyena vyavasthāpyata iti | ucyate | vayamapyevaṃ brūmaḥ- kimanayā sūkṣmekṣikayā laukikavyavahāre 'vatārika(ta?)yā? tiṣṭhatu tāvadeṣā viparyāsamātrāsāditātmabhāvasattākā saṃvṛtiḥ mumukṣūṇāṃ mokṣāvāhakakuśalamūlopacayahetuḥ, yāvanna tattvādhigama iti | bhavāṃstu etāṃ saṃvṛtiparamārthasatyavibhāgadurvidagdhabuddhitayā kvacidupapattimavatārya anyāyato nāśayati | so 'haṃ saṃvṛtisatyavyavasthāvaicakṣaṇyāllaukika eva pakṣe sthitvā saṃvṛtyekadeśanirākaraṇopakṣiptopapattyantaramupapattyantareṇa vinivartayan lokavṛddha iva lokacārātparibhraśyamānaṃ bhavantameva nivartayāmi na tu saṃvṛtim | tasmād yadi laukiko vyavahāraḥ, tadā avaśyaṃ lakṣaṇavallakṣyeṇāpi bhavitavyam | tataśca sa eva doṣaḥ | atha paramārthaḥ, tadā lakṣyābhāvāllakṣaṇadvayamapi nāstīti kutaḥ pramāṇadvayam?

atha śabdānāmevaṃ kriyākārakasaṃbandhapūrvikā vyutpattirnāṅgīkriyate, tadidamatikaṣṭam | taireva kriyākārakasaṃbandhapravṛttaiḥ śabdairbhavān vyavaharati, śabdārthaṃ kriyākaraṇādikaṃ ca necchatīti aho vata icchāmātrapratibaddhapravṛttito (vṛttiḥ?) bhavataḥ |

yadā caivaṃ prameyadvayamavyavasthitaṃ tadā svasāmānyalakṣaṇāviṣayatvena āgamādīnāṃ pramāṇāntaratvam | kiṃ ca ghaṭaḥ pratyakṣa ityevamādikasya laukikavyavahārasyāsaṃgrahādanāryavyavahārābhyupagamācca avyāpitā lakṣaṇasyeti na yuktametat ||

atha syāt- ghaṭopādānanīlādayaḥ pratyakṣāḥ pratyakṣapramāṇaparicchedyatvāt | tataśca yathaiva kāraṇe kāryopacāraṃ kṛtvā buddhānāṃ sukha utpāda iti vyapadiśyate, evaṃ pratyakṣanīlādinimittako 'pi ghaṭaḥ kārye kāraṇopacāraṃ kṛtvā pratyakṣa iti vyapadiśyate | naivaṃviṣaye upacāro yuktaḥ | utpādo hi loke sukhavyatirekeṇopalabdhaḥ, sa ca saṃskṛtalakṣaṇasvabhāvatvādanekaduṣkaraśatahetutvādasukha eva, sa sukha iti vyapadiśyamānaḥ asaṃbaddha evetyevaṃviṣaye yukta upacāraḥ | ghaṭaḥ pratyakṣa ityatra tu- na hi ghaṭo nāma kaścidyo 'pratyakṣaḥ pṛthagupalabdho yasyopacārātpratyakṣatvaṃ syāt | nīlādivyatiriktasya ghaṭasyābhāvādaupacārikaṃ pratyakṣatvamiti cet, evamapi sutarāmupacāro na yuktaḥ, upacaryamāṇasyāśrayasyābhāvāt | na hi kharaviṣāṇe taikṣṇyamupacaryate | api ca | lokavyavahārāṅgabhūto ghaṭo yadi nīlādivyatirikto nāstīti kṛtvā tasyaupacārikaṃ pratyakṣatvaṃ parikalpyate, nanvevaṃ sati pṛthivyādivyatirekeṇa nīlādikamapi nāstīti nīlāderasyaupacārikaṃ pratyakṣatvaṃ kalpyatām | yathoktam-

rūpādivyatirekeṇa yathā kumbho na vidyate | vāyvādivyatirekeṇa tathā rūpaṃ na vidyate || iti |

tasmādevamādikasya lokavyavahārasya lakṣaṇenāsaṃgrahādavyāpitaiva lakṣaṇasyeti | tattvavidapekṣayā hi-

pratyakṣatvaṃ ghaṭādīnāṃ nīlādīnāṃ ca neṣyate |

lokasaṃvṛtyā tvabhyupagantavyameva pratyakṣatvaṃ ghaṭādīnām | yathoktaṃ śatake-

etenaiva vicāreṇa sugandhi madhuraṃ mṛdu | pratiṣedhayitavyāni sarvāṇyuttamabuddhinā || iti |

api ca | aparokṣārthavācitvātpratyakṣaśabdasya sākṣādabhimukho 'rthaḥ pratyakṣaḥ, pratigatamakṣamasminniti kṛtvā ghaṭanīlādīnāmaparokṣāṇāṃ pratyakṣatvaṃ siddhaṃ bhavati | tatparicchedakasya jñānasya tṛṇatuṣāgnivat pratyakṣakāraṇatvāt pratyakṣatvaṃ vyapadiśyate | yastu akṣamakṣaṃ prati vartata iti pratyakṣaśabdaṃ vyutpādayati, tasya jñānasyendriyāviṣayatvād viṣayaviṣayatvācca na yuktā vyutpattiḥ | prativiṣayaṃ tu syāt pratyarthamiti vā ||

atha syāt- yathā ubhayādhīnāyāmapi vijñānapravṛtau āśrayasya paṭumandatānuvidhānād vijñānānāṃ tadvikāravikāritvādāśrayeṇaivavyapadeśo bhavati cakṣurvijñānamiti, evaṃ yadyapi arthamartha prati vartate, tathāpi akṣamakṣamāśritya vartamānaṃ vijñānamāśrayeṇa vyapadeśāt pratyakṣamiti bhaviṣyati | dṛṣṭo hi asādhāraṇena vyapadeśo bherīśabdo yavāṅkura iti | naitatpūrveṇa tulyam | tatra hi viṣayeṇa (Pp_25) vijñāne vyapadiśyamāne rūpavijñānamityevamādinā vijñānaṣaṭkasya bhedo nopadarśitaḥ syāt, manovijñānasya cakṣurādivijñānaiḥ sahaikaviṣayapravṛttatvāt | tathā hi nīlādivijñānaṣaṭke vijñānamityukte sākāṅkṣa eva pratyayājjāyate kimetadrūpīndriyajaṃ vijñānamāhosvinmānasamiti | āśrayeṇa tu vyapadeśe manovijñānasya cakṣurādivijñānaviṣaye pravṛttisaṃbhave 'pi parasparabhedaḥ siddho bhavati | iha tu pramāṇalakṣaṇavivakṣayā kalpanāpoḍhamātrasya pratyakṣatvābhyupagame sati vikalpādeva tadviśeṣatvābhimatatvādasādhāraṇakāraṇena vyapadeśe sati na kiṃcit prayojanamupalakṣyate | prameyaparatantrāyāṃ ca pramāṇasaṃkhyāpravṛttau prameyākārānukāritāmātratayā ca samāsāditātmabhāvasattākayoḥ pramāṇayoḥ svarūpasya vyavasthāpanānnendriyeṇa vyapadeśaḥ kiṃcidupakarotīti sarvathā viṣayeṇaiva vyapadeśo nyāyyaḥ ||

loke pratyakṣaśabdasya prasiddhatvādvivakṣite 'rthe pratyarthaśabdasyāprasiddhatvādāśrayeṇaiva vyutpattirāśrīyata iti cet, ucyate | astyayaṃ pratyakṣaśabdo loke prasiddhaḥ | sa tu yathā loke, tathā asmābhirucyata eva | yathāsthitalaukikapadārthatiraskāreṇa tu tadvayutpāde kriyamāṇe prasiddhaśabdatiraskāraḥ prasiddhaḥ syāt, tataśca pratyakṣamityevaṃ na syāt | ekasya ca cakṣurvijñānasya ekendriyakṣaṇāśrayasya pratyakṣatvaṃ na syād vīpsārthābhāvāt, ekaikasya ca pratyakṣatvābhāve bahūnāmapi na syāt ||

kalpanāpoḍhasyaiva ca jñānasya pratyakṣatvābhyupagamāt, tena ca lokasya saṃvyavahārābhāvāt, laukikasya ca pramāṇaprameyavyavahārasya vyākhyātumiṣṭatvād vyarthaiva pratyakṣapramāṇakalpanā saṃjāyate | cakṣurvijñānasāmaṅgī nīlaṃ jānāti no tu nīlamiti cāgamasya pratyakṣalakṣaṇābhidhānārthasyāprastutatvāt, pañcānāmindriyavijñānānāṃ jaḍatvapratipādakatvācca nāgamādapi kalpanāpoḍhasyaiva vijñānasya pratyakṣatvamiti na yuktametat | tasmālloke yadi lakṣyaṃ yadi vā svalakṣaṇaṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ vā, sarvameva sākṣādupalabhyamānatvādaparokṣam, ataḥ pratyakṣaṃ vyavasthāpyate tadviṣayeṇa jñānena saha | dvicandrādīnāṃ tu ataimirikajñānāpekṣayā apratyakṣatvam, taimirikādyapekṣayā tu pratyakṣatvameva ||

parokṣaviṣayaṃ tu jñānaṃ sādhyāvyabhicāriliṅgotpannamanumānam ||

sākṣādatīndriyārthavidāmāptānāṃ yadvacanaṃ sa āgamaḥ ||

sādṛśyādananubhūtārthadhigama upamānaṃ gauriva gavaya iti yathā ||

tadevaṃ pramāṇacatuṣṭayāllokasyārthādhigamo vyavasthāpyate ||

tāni ca parasparāpekṣayā sidhyanti- satsu pramāṇeṣu prameyārthāḥ, satsu prameyeṣvartheṣu pramāṇāni | no tu khalu svābhāvikī pramāṇaprameyayoḥ siddhiriti | tasmāllaukikamevāstu yathādṛṣṭamityalaṃ prasaṅgena | prastutameva vyākhyāsyāmaḥ | laukika eva darśane sthitvā buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ dharmadeśanā || 3 ||

atrāhuḥ svayūthyāḥ- yadidamuktaṃ na svata utpadyante bhāvā iti, tadyuktam, svata utpattivaiyarthyāt | yaccoktaṃ na dvābhyāmiti, tadapi yuktam, ekāṃśavaikalyāt | ahetupakṣastu (Pp_26) ekāntanikṛṣṭa iti tatpratiṣedho 'pi yuktaḥ| yattu khalvidamucyate nāpi parata iti, tadayuktam yasmātparabhūtā eva bhagavatā bhāvānāmutpādakā nirdiṣṭāḥ |

tatra nirvartako heturiti lakṣaṇāt, yo hi yasya nirvartako bījabhāvenāvasthitaḥ, sa tasya hetu pratyayaḥ | utpadyamāno dharmo yenālambanenotpadyate, sa tasyālambanapratyayaḥ | kāraṇasyānantaro nirodhaḥ kāryasyotpattipratyayaḥ, tadyathā bījasyānantaro nirodho 'ṅkurasyotpādapratyayaḥ | yasmin sati yadbhavati tattasyādhipateyamiti | ta ete catvāraḥ pratyayāḥ | ye cānye purojātasahajātapaścājjātādayaḥ, te eteṣveva antarbhūtāḥ | īśvarādayastu pratyayā eva na saṃbhavantīti, ata evāvadhārayati- pratyayo nāsti pañcama iti | tasmādebhyaḥ parabhūtebhyo bhāvānāmutpattirasti parata utpattiriti || 4 ||

atrocyate- naiva hi bhāvānāṃ parabhūtebhyaḥ pratyayebhya utpattiriti | yasmāt-

iti | yadi hi hetvādiṣu parabhuteṣu pratyayeṣu samasteṣu vyasteṣu vyastasamasteṣu hetupratyaya sāmagyā anyatra vā kvacid bhāvānāṃ kāryāṇāmutpādātpūrvaṃ sattvaṃ syāt, syāttebhya utpādaḥ | na caivaṃ yadutpādātpūrvaṃ saṃbhavaḥ syāt | yadi syāt, gṛhyeta ca, utpādavaiyarthyaṃ ca syāt | tasmānnaṃ cāsti bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu svabhāvaḥ | avidyamāne ca svabhāve nāsti parabhāvaḥ | bhavanaṃ bhāva utpādaḥ, parebhya utpādaḥ parabhāvaḥ, sa na vidyate | tasmādayuktametat parabhūtebhyo bhāvānā mutpattiriti ||

athavā bhāvānāṃ kāryāṇāmaṅkurādīnāṃ vījādiṣu pratyayeṣu satsvavikṛtarūpeṣu nāsti svabhāvo nirhetukatvaprasaṅgāt ||

tatkimapekṣaṃ paratvaṃ pratyayādīnām? vidyamānayoreva hi maitropagrāhakayoḥ parasparāpekṣaṃ paratvam? na caivaṃ bījāṅkurayoryaugapadyam | tasmādavidyamāne svabhāve kāryāṇāṃ parabhāvaḥ paratvaṃ bījādīnāṃ nāstīti paravyapadeśābhāvādeva na parata utpāda iti | tasmādāgamābhiprāyānabhijñataiva parasya | na hi tathāgatā yuktiviruddhaṃ vākyamudāharanti | āgamasya cābhiprāyaḥ prāgevopavarṇitaḥ || 5 ||

tadevaṃ pratyayebhya utpādavādini pratiṣiddhe kriyāta utpādavādī manyate- na cakṣūrūpādayaḥ pratyayāḥ sākṣādvijñānaṃ janayanti | vijñānajanikriyāniṣpādakatvāttu pratyayā ucyante | sā ca kriyā vijñānaṃ janayati | tasmātpratyayavatī vijñānajanikriyā vijñānajanikā, na pratyayāḥ | yathā pacikriyā odanasyeti | ucyate-

kriyā na pratyayavatī

yadi kriyā kācit syāt, sā cakṣurādibhiḥ pratyayaiḥ pratyayavatī vijñānaṃ janayet | na (Pp_27) tvasti | kathaṃ kṛtvā? iha kriyeyamiṣyamāṇā jāte vā vijñāne iṣyate, ajāte vā jāyamāne vā? tatra jāte na yuktā | kriyā hi bhāvaniṣpādikā | bhāvaścenniṣpannaḥ, kimasya kriyayā?

jātasya janma punareva ca naiva yuktam |

ityādinā ca madhyamakāvatāre pratipāditametat | ajāte 'pi na yuktā,

kartrā vinā janiriyaṃ na ca yuktarūpā |

ityādivacanāt | jāyamāne 'pi bhāve kriyā na saṃbhavati, jātājātavyatirekeṇa jāyamānābhāvāt | yathoktam-

jāyamānārthajātatvājjāyamāno na jāyate | atha vā jāyamānatvaṃ sarvasyaiva prasajyate || iti | yataścaivaṃ triṣu kāleṣu janikriyāyā asaṃbhavaḥ, tasmānnāsti sā | ata evāha- kriyā na pratyayavatī iti |

viśeṣaṇaṃ nāsti vinā viśeṣam |

ityādinā pratipāditametanmadhyamakāvatāre | na hi vandhyāputro gomānityucyate ||

yadyevam, apratyayavatī tarhi bhaviṣyatīti, etadapyayuktamityāha- nāpratyayavatī kriyā |

yadā pratyayavatī nāsti, tadā kathamapratyayavatī nirhetukā syāt? na hi tantumayaḥ paṭo na yukta iti vīraṇamayo 'bhyupagamyate | tasmātkriyā na bhāvajanikā ||

atrāha- yadyevaṃ kriyāyā asaṃbhavaḥ, pratyayāstarhi janakā bhaviṣyanti bhāvānāmiti | ucyate-

pratyayā nākriyāvantaḥ

yadā kriyā nāsti, tadā kriyārahitā akriyāvanto nirhetukāḥ pratyayāḥ kathaṃ janakāḥ? atha kriyāvanta eva janakā iti, ucyate-

neti prakṛtenābhisaṃbandhaḥ | utaśabdo 'vadhāraṇe | tatra kriyāyā abhāva uktaḥ, kathaṃ kriyāvattvaṃ pratyayānāmiti? yathā ca vijñānajanikriyoktā, evaṃ parikriyādayo 'pi bhāvā uktā veditavyā iti nāsti kriyāto 'pi samutpattirbhāvānāmiti bhavatyutpādābhidhānamarthaśūnyam || 6 ||

atrāha- kiṃ na etena kriyāvantaḥ pratyayā ityādivicāreṇa? yasmāccakṣurādīn pratītya pratyayān vijñānādayo bhāvā jāyante, tasmāccakṣurādīnāṃ pratyayatvaṃ tebhyaścotpādo vijñānādīnāmiti | etadapyayuktamityāha-

yadi cakṣurādīn pratyayān pratītya vijñānamutpadyate iti asya ime pratyayā ucyante, nanu yāvattadvijñānākhyaṃ kāryaṃ notpadyate tāvadime cakṣurādayaḥ kathaṃ nāpratyayāḥ? apratyayā evetyabhiprāyaḥ na cāpratyayebhya utpattiḥ sikatābhya iva tailasya |

atha matam- pūrvamapratyayāḥ santaḥ kiṃcidanyaṃ pratyayamapekṣya pratyayatvaṃ pratipadyanta iti, etadapyayuktam | yat tat pratyayāntaramapratyayasya tasya pratyayatvena kalpyate, tadapi pratyayatve sati asya pratyayo bhavati | tatrāpyeṣaiva cintaneti na yuktametat || 7 ||

kiṃ ca | iha ime cakṣurādayo vijñānasya pratyayāḥ kalpyamānāḥ sato vā asya kalpyeran, asato vā? sarvathā ca na yujyate ityāha-

asato hyarthasya avidyamānasya kathaṃ pratyayaḥ syāt? bhaviṣyatā vyapadeśo bhaviṣyatīti cet, naivam-

bhaviṣyatā cedvayapadeśa iṣṭaḥ śaktiṃ vinā nāsti hi bhāvitāsya |

ityādinoktadoṣatvāt | sato 'pi vidyamānasya labdhajanmano niṣphalaiva pratyayakalpanā ||

evaṃ samastānāṃ pratyayānāṃ kāryotpādanāsāmarthyena apratyayatvamudbhāvya ataḥ paraṃ vyastānāmapratyayatvaṃ pratipādyate ||

atrāha- yadyapyevaṃ pratyayānāmasaṃbhavaḥ, tathāpi astyeva lakṣaṇopadeśātpratyayaprasiddhiḥ | tatra nirvartako heturiti lakṣaṇamucyate hetupratyayasya | na cāvidyamānasya lakṣaṇopadeśo yukto bandhyāsutasyeveti | ucyate | syāddhetupratyayo yadi tasya lakṣaṇaṃ syāt | yasmāt-

tatra nirvartaka utpādakaḥ | yadi nirvartyo dharmo nirvarteta, tamutpādako heturutpādayet | na tu nirvartate, sadasadubhayarūpasya nirvartyasyābhāvāt | tatra sanna nirvartate vidyamānatvāt | asannapi, avidyamānatvāt | sadasannapi, parasparaviruddhasyaikārthasyābhāvāt, ubhayapakṣābhihitadoṣatvācca | yata evaṃ kāryasyotpattirnāsti, hetupratyayo 'pyato nāsti | tataśca yaduktaṃ lakṣaṇasaṃbhavādvidyate hetupratyaya iti, tadevaṃ sati na yujyate || 9 ||

idānīmālambanapratyayaniṣedhārthamāha-

iha sālambanadharmāḥ katame? sarvacittacaittā ityāgamāt | cittacaittā yenālambanenotpadyante yathāyogaṃ rūpādinā, sa teṣāmālambanapratyayaḥ | ayaṃ ca vidyamānānāṃ vā parikalpyeta avidyamānānāṃ vā | tatra vidyamānānāṃ nārthastadālambanapratyayena | dharmasya hi utpattyarthamālambanaṃ parikalpyate, sa cālambanātpūrvaṃ vidyamāna eveti | athaivamanālambane dharme svātmanā prasiddhe kimasya ālambanayogena parikalpitena, ityanālambana evāyaṃ san vidyamāno dharmaḥ cittādikaḥ kevalaṃ sālambana ityucyate bhavadbhiḥ svamanīṣikayā, na tvasya ālambanena kaścitsaṃbandho 'sti | athāvidyamānasyālambanaṃ parikalpyate, tadapi na yuktam, anālambana evāyamityādi | avidyamānasya hi nāsti ālambanena yogaḥ ||

anālambana evāyaṃ san dharma upadiśyate |

bhavadbhiḥ sālambana iti vākyaśeṣaḥ |

athānālambane dharme kuta ālambanaṃ punaḥ ||

atha śabdaḥ praśne | kuta iti hetau | tenāyamarthaḥ- athaivamanālambane dharme 'sati avidyamāne bhūyaḥ kuta ālambanam? ālambanakābhāvādālambanasyāpyabhāva ityabhiprāyaḥ | kathaṃ tarhi sālambanāścittacaittāḥ? sāṃvṛtametallakṣaṇaṃ na pāramārthikamityadoṣaḥ || 10 ||

idānīṃ samanantarapratyayaniṣedhārthamāha-

tatra paścime ślokasyārdhe pādavyatyayo draṣṭavyaḥ, caśabdaśca bhinnakramo niruddhe ceti | tenaivaṃ pāṭhaḥ- niruddhe ca pratyayaḥ kaḥ? nānantaramato yuktam iti | ślokabandhārthaṃ tvevamuktam ||

tatra kāraṇasyānantaro nirodhaḥ kāryasyotpādapratyayaḥ samanantarapratyayalakṣaṇam | atra vicāryate- anutpanneṣu dharmeṣu kāryabhūteṣvaṅkurādiṣu nirodho nopapadyate kāraṇasya bījādeḥ | yadaitadevam, tadā kāraṇasya nirodhābhāvādaṅkurasya kaḥ samanantarapratyayaḥ? athānutpanne 'pi kārye bījanirodha iṣyate, evaṃ sati niruddha bīje abhāvībhūte aṅkurasya kaḥ pratyayaḥ? ko vā bījanirodhasya pratyaya iti | ubhayametadahetukamityāha- niruddhe ca kaḥ pratyaya iti | caśabdo 'nutpannaśabdāpekṣaḥ | tena anutpanne cāṅkure bījādīnāṃ nirodhe iṣyamāṇe 'pyubhayametadahetukamapadyata iti nānantaramato yuktam | atha vā | na svato nāpi parata ityādinā utpādo niṣiddhaḥ, tamabhisaṃdhāyāha-

anutpanneṣu dharmeṣu nirodho nopapadyate |

nānantaramato yuktam iti |

api ca |

niruddhe pratyayaśca kaḥ ||

idānīmadhipatipratyayasvarūpaniṣedhārthamāha- bījādīnāṃ

iha yasmin sati yadbhavati, tattasya ādhipateyamityadhipatipratyayalakṣaṇam | bhāvānāṃ ca pratītyasamutpannatvāt svabhāvābhāve kutastada yadasminniti kāraṇatvena vyapadiśyate, kutastad yadidamiti kāryatvena? tasmānnāsti lakṣaṇato 'pi pratyayasiddhiḥ || 12 ||

atrāha- tantvādibhyaḥ paṭādikamupalabhya paṭādestantvādayaḥ pratyayā iti | ucyate paṭādiphalapravṛttireva svarūpato nāsti, kutaḥ pratyayānāṃ pratyayatvaṃ setsyati? yathā ca paṭādiphalapravṛttirasatī, tathā pratipādayannāha-

tatra vyasteṣu tantuturīvematasaraśalākādiṣu pratyayeṣu paṭo nāsti, tatrānupalabhyamānatvāt kāraṇabahutvācca kāryabahutvaprasaṅgāt | samuditeṣvapi tantvādiṣu nāsti paṭaḥ, pratyekamavayaveṣvavidyamānatvāt, ekasya kāryasya khaṇḍaśa utpattiprasaṅgāt | tasmātphalābhāvānna santi pratyayāḥ svabhāvata iti || 13 ||

athāsadapi tattebhyaḥ pratyayebhyaḥ pravartate |

ityabhiprāyaḥ syāt-

apratyayeṣvapi nāsti phalamiti | apratyayebhyo 'pi vīraṇādibhyaḥ kasmānnābhipravartate paṭa iti nāsti phalapravṛttiḥ svarūpataḥ || 14 ||

atrāha- yadi anyat phalaṃ syādanye ca pratyayāḥ, tadā kiṃ pratyayeṣu phalamasti nāstīti cintā syāt | nāsti tu vyatiriktaṃ phalam, kiṃ tarhi pratyayamayameveti? ucyate-

yadi pratyayamayaṃ pratyayavikāraḥ phalamiti vyavasthāpyate, tadayuktam | yasmātte 'pi pratyayā asvayaṃmayā apratyayasvabhāvā ityarthaḥ | tantumayo hi paṭa ityucyate | syāt paṭo yadi tantava eva (Pp_31) svabhāvasiddhāḥ syuḥ | te hi aṃśumayā aṃśuvikārā na svabhāvasiddhāḥ | tataśca tebhyo 'svayaṃmayebhyo 'svabhāvebhyo yatphalaṃ paṭākhyam, tatkathaṃ tantumayaṃ bhaviṣyati? yathoktam-

paṭaḥ kāraṇataḥ siddhaḥ siddhaṃ kāraṇamanyataḥ | siddhiryasya svato nāsto tadanyajjanayetkatham || iti || 15 ||

tasmānna pratyayamayaṃ

phalaṃ saṃvidyate | apratyayamayaṃ tarhi astu-

nāpratyayamayaṃ phalam |

saṃvidyate

iti tantumayo yadā paṭo nāsti, tadā kathaṃ vīraṇamayaḥ syā?

atrāha- mā bhūtphalam, pratyayāpratyayaniyamastu vidyate | tathā ca bhavān bravīti- yadi asat phalaṃ pratyayebhyaḥ pravartate, apratyayebhyo 'pi kasmānnābhipravartate iti | na cāsati phale paṭakaṭākhye tantuvīraṇānāṃ pratyayānāṃ pratyayatvaṃ yuktam, ataḥ phalamapyastīti | ucyate | syātphalaṃ yadi pratyayāpratyayā eva syuḥ | sati hi phale ime 'sya pratyayā ime 'pratyayā iti syāt | tacca vicāryamāṇaṃ nāstīti-

pratyayāśca apratyayāśceti samāsaḥ || tasmānnāsti bhāvānāṃ svabhāvataḥ samutpattiriti | yathoktamāryaratnākarasūtre-

śailaparvata yathā akampiyā evaṃ dharma avikampiyāḥ sadā | no cyavati na pi copapadyayu evaṃ dharmata jinena deśitā || ityādi |

tathā-

śānta gatī kathitā sugatena no ca gati upalabhyati kāci | tatra ca voharasī gatimukto muktaku mocayamī bahusattvān || iti vistaraḥ || 16 ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau pratyayaparīkṣā nāma prathamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

2

gatāgataparīkṣā dvitīyaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- yadyapi utpādapratiṣedhātpratītyasamutpādasya anirodhādiviśeṣaṇasiddhiḥ, tathāpi anāgamanirgamapratītyasamutpādasiddhaye lokaprasiddhagamanāgamanakriyāpratiṣedhārthaṃ kiṃcidupapattyantaramucyatāmiti | ucyate | yadi gamanaṃ nāma syānniyataṃ tadgate vā adhvajāte parikalpyeta agate gamyamāne vā | sarvathā ca na yujyate ityāha-

tatra uparatagamikriyamadhvajātaṃ gatamityucyate | āviśyamānaṃ gamikriyayā vartamānaṃ gamyata ityucyate | yadgatamuparatagamikriyaṃ tadvartamānagamikriyāyogavācinā gamyate ityanena śabdenocyamānamasaṃbaddhamiti kṛtvā gataṃ tāvad gamyata iti na yujyate | tāvacchabdena ca pratiṣedhakramaṃ darśayati ||

agatamapi na gamyate | agataṃ hi anupajātagamikriyamanāgatamucyate, gamyata iti ca vartamānam | ato 'nāgatavartamānayoratyantabhedādagatamapi gamyata iti na yujyate | yadi agataṃ kathaṃ gamyate, atha gamyate na tadagatamiti ||

gamyamāne 'pi nāsti gamanam, yasmāt-

gatāgatavinirmuktaṃ gamyamānaṃ na gamyate |

iha hi gantā yaṃ deśamatikrāntaḥ sa tasya deśo gataḥ, yaṃ ca nātikrāntaḥ so 'syānāgataḥ | na ca gatāgatavyatirekeṇa tṛtīyamaparamadhvajātaṃ paśyāmo gamyamānaṃ nāma | yataścaivaṃ gamyamānaṃ na gamyate, gamyata iti na prajñāyate, tasmānnāsti gamyamānam | ato na tad gamikriyayā āviśyate na gamyata iti nāsti gamyamāne 'pi gamanam ||

atha syāt- ganturgacchato yaścaraṇākrānto deśaḥ, sa gamyamānaḥ syāditi | naivam, caraṇayorapi paramāṇusāṃghātatvāt | aṅgulyagrāvasthitasya paramāṇoryaḥ pūrvo deśaḥ, sa tasya gate 'ntargataḥ | pārṣṇyavasthitasya caramaparamāṇorya uttaro deśaḥ, sa tasya agate 'ntargataḥ | na ca paramāṇuvyatirekeṇa caraṇamasti | tasmānnāsti gatāgatavyatirekeṇa gamyamānam | yathā caivaṃ caraṇe vicāraḥ, evaṃ paramāṇūnāmapi pūrvāparadigbhāgasaṃbandhena vicāraḥ kārya iti | athārdhagataṃ gamyamānam, uktamuttaraṃ jāyamānavicāreṇa | tasmādgamyamānaṃ na gamyate iti siddham || 1 ||

tatrāha- gamyata eva gamyamānam | iha hi-

tatra ceṣṭā caraṇotkṣepaparikṣepalakṣaṇā | yato vrajato ganturyatra deśe ceṣṭā gatiḥ tatraiva deśe | sā ca ceṣṭā na gate 'dhvani saṃbhavati nāpyagate, kiṃ tu gamyamāna eva | tataśca gamyamāne gatiḥ | yatra hi gatirupalabhyate tadgamyamānam, tacca gamikriyayā āviśyate | tasmād gamyamānameva gamyate iti | eko 'tra gamirjñānārthaḥ, aparaśca deśāntarasaṃprāptyartha iti || 2 ||

evamapi parikalpyamāne gamyamānaṃ na gamyata ityāha-

iha hi gamikriyāyogādeva gamyamānavyapadeśamicchati bhavān, tacca iti gamyata bravīti | ekā cātra gamikriyā, tayā gamyamānavyapadeśo bhavatu kāmamadhvanaḥ | gamyata iti bhūyaḥ kriyāsaṃbandho gamyamānasya na yujyata iti

gamyamānasya gamanaṃ kathaṃ nāmopapatsyate |

kāraṇamāha-

gamyamāne dvigamanaṃ yadā naivopapadyate || iti ||

gamyamānamiti gamyata ityarthaḥ | dvigataṃ gamanaṃ dvigamanam | ekasyā gamikriyāyā gamyamānamityatropayuktatvād dvitīyāyā abhāvācca, gamyata ityayaṃ vyapadeśo vinā gamanena yadā naivopapadyate, tadā gamyamānaṃ gamyata iti paripūrṇo vākyārtho nāstītyabhiprāyaḥ | gamyamānamityetāvanmātrameva saṃbhavati dvitīyakriyābhāvāt, na tu gamyata iti || 3 ||

atha gamyate ityatraiva gamikriyāsaṃbandha iṣyate, evaṃ sati gamyamānavyapadeśe nāsti kriyāsaṃbandha iti na paripūrṇatā vākyārthasyetyāha-

yasya vādino gamyamānasya gamanamiti pakṣaḥ, gamyamāne saṃjñābhūte gamikriyāśūnye yo gamikriyāmādheyabhūtāmicchati, tasya pakṣe ṛte gatergamyamānamiti prasajyate, gatirahitaṃ gamanaṃ syāt, yasmādasya gamyamānaṃ hi gamyate | hi śabdo yasmādarthe | yasmād gatirahitameva gamyamānaṃ sat tasya vādino gamyate, gamyata ityatra kriyopayogāt, tasmād gatirahitaṃ gamanaṃ prasajyate || 4 ||

atha ubhayatrāpi kriyāsaṃbandha iṣyate gamyamāne gamyate ityatra ca, evamapi-

yena gamanena yogādgamyamānavyapadeśaṃ pratilabhate 'dhvā, tadekaṃ gamanam || tatra gamyamāne 'dhikaraṇabhute dvitīyaṃ gamanaṃ yena so 'dhvā gamyate | etadgamanadvayaṃ gamyamānasya gamane sati prasaktam || 5 ||

bhavatu gamanadvayam, ko doṣa iti cet, ayaṃ doṣaḥ | yasmāt-

dvau gantārau prasajyete prasakte gamanadvaye |

kiṃ punaḥ kāraṇaṃ gantṛdvayaprasaṅge ityāha-

yasmādavaśyaṃ kriyā svasādhanamapekṣate karma kartāraṃ vā | gamikriyā caivaṃ kartaryavasthitā, ato gantāramapekṣate | nāsti ca ekasminneva gacchati devadatte dvitīyaḥ karteti | ataḥ kartṛdvayābhāvānnāsti gamanadvayam | tataśca gamyamānaṃ gamyata iti nopapadyate ||

atha syāt- yadāyaṃ devadattaḥ sthitaḥ, sa na bhāṣate? paśyati na? tadaiko 'nekakriyo dṛṣṭaḥ, evamekasmin gantari kriyādvayaṃ bhaviṣyati iti | naivam | śaktirhi kārako na dravyam | kriyābhedācca tatsādhanasyāpi śakteḥ siddha eva bhedaḥ | na hi sthitikriyayā vaktā syāt | dravyamekamiti cet, bhavatu evam, na tu dravyaṃ kārakaḥ, kiṃ tarhi śaktiḥ, sā ca bhidyata eva | api ca | sadṛśakriyādvaya kārakatvaṃ naikadeśikasya dṛṣṭam, ato naikasya ganturgamanadvayam || 6 ||

atrāha- yadyapyevaṃ tathāpi gantari devadatte gamanamupalabhyate devadatto gacchatīti vyapadeśāt | tataśca vidyata eva gamanaṃ gamanāśrayagantṛsadbhāvāt | ucyate | syādevaṃ yadi gamanāśrayo gantā syāt, na tvasti | kathamityāha-

atrāha- vidyata eva gamanam, tadvatastena vyapadeśāt | iha gantā gamanena yuktaḥ, tadyogācca gacchati | yadi gamanaṃ na syāt, gamanavato devadattasya gacchatīti vyapadeśo na syāt, daṇḍābhāve daṇḍivyapadeśābhāvavat | ucyate | syādgamanam, yadi gacchatītyevaṃ vyapadeśaḥ syāt | yasmāt-

iha gacchatīti gantā, sa tāvanna gacchati, yathā ca na gacchati tathottareṇa ślokatrayeṇa pratipādayiṣyati | agantāpi na gacchati | agantā hi nāma yo gamikriyārahitaḥ | gacchatīti ca gamikriyāyogapravṛttaḥ śabdaḥ | yadyasāvagantā, kathaṃ gacchati? atha gacchati, nāsau agantā iti | tadubhayavyatirikto gacchatīti cennaivam | ko hi ganturaganturvinirmuktastṛtīyo 'sti yo gacchatīti kalpyeta? tasmānnāsti gamanam || 8 ||

atrāha- nāgantā gacchati nāpyubhayarahitaḥ, kiṃ tarhi gantaiva gacchatīti | etadapyasat kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt-

gantā gacchatītyatra vākye ekaiva gamikriyā, tayā ca gacchatīti vyapadiśyate | ganteti tu vyapadeśe nāsti dvitīyā gamikriyā iti | gamanena vinā gantā, agacchan ganteti yadā na saṃbhavati, tadā gantā gacchatīti na yujyate | kāmaṃ gacchatītyastu, ganteti tu na saṃbhavatīti tadayuktam || 9 ||

atha gatiyogātsagatika eva gantā, tathāpi dvitīyagamikriyābhāvadgacchatīti vyapadeśo na syādityāha-

yasya vādino gamikriyāyogādeva ganteti pakṣaḥ, tasya ganturgamanamicchataḥ sagamanagantṛvyapadeśādgamanena vinā gantā gacchatīti syāt, dvitīyagamikriyābhāvāt | ato gantā gacchatīti na yujyate | gacchatītyetasyārthe ganteti śabdo gamanena vinā gantetyatra vākye || 10 ||

atha ubhayatrāpi gatiyoga iṣyate gantā gacchatīti, evamapi-

yena gamanena yogād gantetyucyate vyapadiśyate tadekaṃ gamanam | gantā bhavan yacca gacchati, yāṃ ca gatikriyāṃ karoti, tadetadgamanadvayaṃ prasaktam | ato gantṛdvayaprasaṅga iti pūrvavad dūṣaṇaṃ vaktavyam | tasmānnāsti gacchatīti vyapadeśaḥ ||

atrāha- yadyapyevam, tathāpi devadatto gacchatīti vyapadeśasadbhāvādgamanastīti | naivam | yasmāddevadattāśrayaivaiṣā cintā kimasau gantā san gacchati, uta agantā gacchati, tadvayatirikto veti | sarvathā ca nopapadyata iti yatkiṃcidetat ||

atrāha- vidyata eva gamanam, tadārambhasadbhāvāt | iha devadattaḥ sthityupamardena gamanamārabhate | na ca avidyamānakūrmaromaprāvārādikamārabhate | ucyate | syādgamanaṃ yadi tadāramme eva syāt | yasmāt-

yadi gamanārambho bhavet, tad gate vādhvanyāramyeta, agate vā gamyamāne vā | tatra gate gamanaṃ nārabhyate, taddhi nāma uparatagamikriyam | yadi tatra gamanamārabhyeta, tad gatamityevaṃ na syād atītavartamānayorvirodhāt | agate 'pi gamanaṃ nārabhyate, anāgatavartamānayorvirodhāt | nāpi gamyamāne, tadabhāvāt kriyādvayaprasaṅgāt kartṛdvayaprasaṅgācca | tadevaṃ sarvatra gamanārambhamapaśyannāha- gantumārabhyate kuheti || 12 ||

yathā ca gamanaṃ na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha-

iha devadatto yadāvasthita āste, sa tadā gamanaṃ nārabhate | tasya gamanārambhātpūrvaṃ na gamyamānamadhvajātamasti, na ca gataṃ yatra gamanamārabhyeta | tasmād gatagamyamānābhāvādenayorna gamanārambhaḥ ||

atha syāt- yadyapi gamanārambhātpūrvaṃ na gataṃ na gamyamānaṃ tathāpyagatamasti, tatra gamanārambhaḥ syāditi | ucyate | agate gamanaṃ kutaḥ | anupajātagamikriyamanārabdhagamikriyamagatam | tatra gamanārambha ityasaṃbaddhametadityāha- agate gamanaṃ kutaḥ iti || 13 ||

yadyapi gatāgatagamyamāneṣu gamanārambho nāsti, gatāgatagamyamānāni tu santi | na cāsati gamane etāni yujyanta iti | ucyate | syād gamanaṃ yadyetānyeva syuḥ | sati hi gamikriyāprārambhe yatroparatā gamikriyā tad gatamiti parikalpyeta, yatra vartamānā tad gamyamānam, yatrājātā tadagatamiti | yadā tu gamikriyāprārambha eva nāsti, tadā-

atrāha- vidyata eva gamanaṃ tatpratipakṣasadbhāvāt | yasya ca pratipakṣo 'sti, tadasti, ālokāndhakāravat pārāvāravat saṃśayaniścayavacca | asti ca gamanasya pratipakṣaḥ sthānamiti | ucyate | syād gamanaṃ yadi tatpratipakṣaḥ sthānaṃ syāt | kathamihedaṃ sthānaṃ ganturagantustadanyasya vā parikalpyeta? sarvathā ca na yujyata ityāha-

yathā gantā na tiṣṭhati tathottareṇa ślokenākhyāsyati | agantāpi na tiṣṭhati, sa hi tiṣṭhatyeva, tasya kimaparayā sthityā prayojanam? agantāpi na tiṣṭhati? sa hi tiṣṭhatyeva, tasya (Pp_38) kimaparayā sthityā prayojanam? ekayā sthityā agantā aparayā tiṣṭhatīti sthitidvayaprasaṅgāt sthātṛdvayaprasaṅga iti pūrvavaddoṣaḥ | gantragantṛrahitaścānyo nāsti || 15 ||

atrāha- nāgantā tiṣṭhati, nāpi ganturagantuścānyaḥ, kiṃ tarhi gantaiva tiṣṭhatīti naivam | yasmāt-

yadāyaṃ tiṣṭhatītyucyate, tadā sthitivirodhi gamanamasya nāsti, vinā ca gamanaṃ gantṛvyapadeśo nāsti | ato gantā tiṣṭhatīti nopapadyate || 16 ||

atrāha- vidyata eva gamanam, tannivṛttisadbhāvāt | iha gaternivartamānaḥ sthitimārabhate gamanābhāve tu na tato nivarteta | ucyate | syād gamanaṃ yadi tannivṛttireva syāt | [na tvasti] yasmāt-

na tiṣṭhati gamyamānānna gatānnāgatādapi |

tatra gantā gatādadhvano na nivartate gatyabhāvāt | agatādapi, gatyabhāvādeva | gamyamānādapi na nivartate tadanupalabdheḥ gamikriyābhāvācca | tasmānna gatinivṛttiḥ ||

atrāha- yadi gamanapratidvandvisthityabhāvādgatirasatī, evaṃ tarhi gamanaprasiddhaye sthiti sādhayāmaḥ, tatsiddhau gamanasiddhiḥ | tasmādvidyata eva sthānaṃ pratidvandvisadbhāvāt, sthiterhi pratidvandvi gamanam, tadasti, tataśca sthitirapi, pratidvandvisadbhāvāt | etadapyayuktam | yasmāt-

atra hi yadgamanaṃ sthitisiddhaye varṇitaṃ tadgatyā samaṃ gatidūṣaṇena tulyamityarthaḥ | yathā gantā na tiṣṭhati tāvadityādinā gatiprasiddhaye sthiterhetutvenopāttāyā dūṣaṇamuktam, evamihāpi sthitiprasiddhaye gamanasya hetutvenopāttasya sthātā na gacchati tāvadityādinā ślokadvayapāṭhaparivartena dūṣaṇaṃ vaktavyamiti nāsti gamanam, tadabhāvātpratidvandvinī sthitirapīti | evaṃ tāvad gamanaṃ gatyā tulyaṃ pratyākhyeyam ||

atha syāt- vidyata eva sthānaṃ tadārambhasadbhāvāt | iha gatyupamardena sthānamārabhyate, kathaṃ tanna syāt? ucyate | saṃpravṛttiśca gateḥ samā vācyā | tatra yathā pūrvaṃ gate nārabhyate gantumityādinā gamanārambho niṣiddhaḥ, evamihāpi-

ityādinā ślokatrayaparivartena sthānasaṃpravṛttirapi gateḥ samā | sthānanivṛttirapi gatinivṛttyā samā pratyākhyeyā | yathā gatiniṣedhe-

na tiṣṭhati gamyamānānna gatānnāgatādapi |

iti gaterdūṣaṇamuktam, evaṃ sthitiniṣedhe 'pi

na gacchati sthīyamānānna sthitānnāsthitādapi |

iti gatyā tulyaṃ dūṣaṇamiti nāsti sthitiḥ | tadabhāvātkuto gatipratipakṣasthitisadbhāvavādināṃ gateḥ siddhiriti || 17 ||

api ca | yadi gamanaṃ syāt, gantṛvyatirekeṇa vā syādavyatirekeṇa vā? sarvathā ca vicāryamāṇaṃ na saṃbhavatītyāha-

kathaṃ punarna yujyata ityāha-

yeyaṃ gamikriyā, sā yadi ganturavyatiriktā nānyā syāt, tadā kartuḥ kriyāyāścaikatvaṃ syāt | tataśca iyaṃ kriyā, ayaṃ kartā, iti viśeṣo na syāt | na ca chidikriyāyāḥ chettuśca ekatvam | ato yadeva gamanaṃ sa eva ganteti na yujyate || 19 ||

anyatramapi gantṛgamanayoryathā nāsti tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi gantṛgamanayoranyatvaṃ syāt, tadā gamananirapekṣo gantā syāt, gantṛnirapekṣaṃ ca gamanaṃ gṛhyeta pṛthak siddhaṃ ghaṭādiva paṭaḥ | na ca gantuḥ pṛthaksiddhaṃ gamanaṃ gṛhyata iti | anya eva punargantā gateriti na yujyate iti prasādhitametat || 20 ||

tadevam-

yayorgantṛgamanayoryathoditanyāyena ekībhāvena vā nānābhāvena vā nāsti siddhiḥ, tayoridānīṃ kenānyena prakāreṇa siddhirastu? ata āha- tayoḥ siddhiḥ kathaṃ nu khalu vidyata iti | nāsti gantṛgamanayoḥ siddhirityabhiprāyaḥ || 21 ||

atrāha- iha devadatto gantā gacchatīti lokaprasiddham | tatra yathā vaktā vācaṃ bhāṣate, kartā kriyāṃ karoti, iti prasiddham, evaṃ yayā gatyā gantetyabhivyajyate tāṃ gacchatīti na yathoktadoṣaḥ | tadapyasat | yasmāt-

gatyā yayocyate gantā gatiṃ tāṃ sa na gacchati |

yayā gatyā devadatto gantetyabhivyajate, sa gantā san tāṃ tāvanna gacchati, na prāpnoti yadi vā na karotītyarthaḥ |

yasmānna gatipūrvo 'sti

gateḥ pūrvo gatipūrvaḥ | yadi gantā gateḥ pūrvaṃ siddhaḥ syāt, sa tāṃ gacchet | katham yasmāt-

kaściddevadattaḥ kiṃcidarthāntarabhūtaṃ grāmaṃ nagaraṃ vā gacchatīti dṛṣṭam | na caivaṃ yayā gatyā gantetyucyate, tasyāḥ pūrvaṃ siddharūpo gatinirapekṣo gantā nāma asti yastāṃ gacchet || 22 ||

atha manyase- yayā gatyā gantetyabhivyajyate, tāmeva asau na gacchati, kiṃ tahi tato 'nyāmiti | etadapyasat | yasmāt-

yayā gatyā gantā abhivyajyate, tato 'nyāmapi sa gantā san na gacchati, gatidvayaprasaṅgāt | yayā gatyā gantā abhivyajyate, gantā san yāṃ cāparāṃ gacchatītyetad gatidvayaṃ prasaktam | na ca ekasmin gantari gatidvayam | ityuktametat | etena vaktā vācaṃ bhāṣate kartā kriyāṃ karoti, iti pratyuktam || 23 ||

tadevam-

gamanaṃ sadasadbhūtastriprakāraṃ na gacchati |

tatra gamyata iti gamanamihocyate | tatra sadbhūto gantā yo gamikriyāyuktaḥ | asadbhūto gantā yo gamikriyārahitaḥ | sadasadbhūto ya ubhayapakṣīyarūpaḥ | evaṃ gamanamapi triprakāraṃ gamikriyāsaṃbandhena veditavyam | tatra sadbhūto gantā sadbhūtamasadbhūtaṃ sadasadbhūtaṃ triprakāraṃ gamanaṃ na gacchati | etacca karmakārakaparīkṣāyāmākhyāsyate | evamasadbhūto 'pi gantā triprakāraṃ gamanaṃ na gacchati | sadasadbhūto 'pīti tatraiva pratipādayiṣyati | yataścaivaṃ gantṛgantavyagamanāni vicāryamāṇāni na santi,

yathoktamāryākṣayamatinirdeśasūtre-

agatiriti bhadanta śāradvatīputra saṃkarṣaṇapadametat | gatiriti bhadanta śāradvatīputra niṣkarṣaṇapadametat | yatra na saṃkarṣaṇapadaṃ na niṣkarṣaṇapadaṃ tadāryāṇāṃ padam | apadayogena anāgatiragatiścāryāṇāṃ gatiriti ||

yadi bījamevāṅkure saṃkramati, bījameva tatsyānna yadaṅkuraḥ śāśvatadoṣaprasaṅgaśca | athāṅkuro 'nyata āgacchati, ahetukadoṣaprasaṅgaḥ syāt | na cāhetukasyotpattiḥ kharaviṣāṇasyeva ||

ata evāha bhagavān-

tathā-

tathā [āryasamādhirājasūtre 'pi]-

iti vistaraḥ ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau gatāgataparīkṣā nāma dvitīyaṃ prakaraṇam ||

3

cakṣurādīndriyaparīkṣā tṛtīyaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- yadyapi gatiśca gantā ca gantavyaṃ ca na vidyate, tathāpi pravacanasiddhayapekṣayā draṣṭṭadraṣṭavyadarśanādīnāmastitvamāstheyam | tathā cābhidharme ucyate |

tasmātsanti darśanādīni svabhāvata iti | ucyate | na santi | iha hi paśyatīti darśanaṃ cakṣuḥ, tasya ca rūpaṃ viṣayatvenopadiśyate || 1 ||

yathā darśanaṃ rūpaṃ na paśyati tathā pratipādayannāha-

tatra tadeva darśanaṃ svātmānaṃ na paśyati svātmani kriyāvirodhāt | tataśca svātmādarśanācchrotrādivannīlādikaṃ na paśyati | tasmānnāsti darśanam || 2 ||

yadyapi svātmānaṃ darśanaṃ na paśyati, tathāṣyagnivat parān drakṣyati | tathā hi agniḥparātmānameva dahati na svātmānam, evaṃ darśanaṃ parāneva drakṣyati na svātmānamiti | etadatyayuktam | yasmāt-

na paryāpto 'gnidṛṣṭānto darśanasya prasiddhaye |

yo 'yamagnidṛṣṭānto darśanasya prasiddhaye bhavatopanyastaḥ, sa na paryāpto nālaṃ na samartho na yujyata ityarthaḥ | yasmāt-

saha darśanena vartata iti sadarśanaḥ | yo 'yamagnidṛṣṭānto darśanaprasiddhaye bhavatopanyastaḥ, so 'pi saha darśanena dārṣṭāntikārthena pratyukto dūṣitaḥ | kena punarityāha- gamyamānagatāgataiḥ | yathā gataṃ na gamyate nāgataṃ na gamyamānam, evamagnināpi dagdhaṃ na dahyate nādagdhaṃ dahyata ityādinā samaṃ vācyam | yathā ca na gataṃ nāgataṃ na gamyamānaṃ gamyate, evam-

yathā ca gantā na gacchati tāvadityādyuktam, evaṃ na dagdhā dahati tāvadityādi vācyam | evaṃ na draṣṭā paśyati tāvadityādinā agnidṛṣṭāntena saha gamyamānagatāgatairyasmātsamaṃ dūṣaṇam, ato 'gnivad (Pp_44) darśanasiddhiriti na yujyate | tataśca siddhametat- svātmavad darśanaṃ parānapi na paśyatīti || 3 ||

yadaivaṃ tadā-

yadā caivamapaśyanna kiṃciddarśanaṃ bhavati, tadānīmapaśyato darśanātvāyogāt stambhādivat, paśyatīti darśanamiti vyapadeśo na yujyate | yadyapi darśanaśabdādanantaraṃ ślokabandhānurodhena darśana paśyatīti pāṭhaḥ, tathāpi vyākhyānakāle paśyatīti darśanamityevaṃ kathametattu yujyate iti paṭhitavyam || 4 ||

kiṃ cānyat- iha paśyatīti darśanamityucyamāne darśanakriyayā darśanasvabhāvasya vā cakṣuṣaḥ saṃbandhaḥ parikalpyeta, adarśanasvabhāvasya vā? ubhayathā ca na yujyate ityāha-

paśyati darśanaṃ naiva naiva paśyatyadarśanam |

darśanasvabhāvasya tāvad dṛśikriyāyuktasya bhūyaḥ paśyatītyādinā saṃbandho nopapadyate dṛśikriyādvayaprasaṅgāt darśanadvayaprasaṅgācca | adarśanamapi na paśyati darśanakriyārahitatvādaṅgūlyagravadityābhiprāyaḥ | yadā

paśyati darśanaṃ naiva naiva paśyatyadarśanam |

tadā

darśanaṃ paśyatītyevaṃ kathametattu yujyate ||

ityanenaiva saṃbandhaḥ ||

ye tu manyante- nirvyāpāraṃ hīdaṃ dharmamātramutpadyamānamutpadyate iti, naiva kiṃcit, kaścidviṣayaṃ paśyati kriyāyā abhāvāt, tasmāddarśanaṃ na paśyatīti siddhametatprasādhyata iti | atrocyate | yadi kriyā vyavahārāṅgabhūtā na syāt, tadā dharmamātramapi na syāt, kriyāvirahitatvāt, khapuṣpavaditi kutaḥ kriyārahitaṃ dharmamātraṃ bhaviṣyati? tasmādyadi vyavahārasatyaṃ dharmamātravat kriyāpyabhyupagamyatām | atha tattvacintā, tadā kriyāvad dharmamātramapi nāstīti bhavatābhyupagamyatām | yathoktaṃ śatake-

kriyāvān śāśvato nāsti nāsti sarvagate kriyā | niṣkriyo nāstinā tulyo nairātmyaṃ kiṃ na te priyam || iti |

tasmānnāyaṃ vidhirbādhakaḥ parasya, nāpyasmākaṃ siddhasādhanadoṣaḥ ||

atrāha- naiva hi paśyatīti darśanamiti kartṛsādhanamabhyupagamyate, kiṃ tarhi paśyatyanenetī darśanamiti karaṇasādhanam, tataśca uktadoṣāprasaṅgaḥ | yaścānena darśanena karaṇabhūtena paśyati, sa draṣṭā, eṣa ca vidyate vijñānamātmā vā, kartṛsadbhāvācca darśanamapi siddhamiti | ucyate-

yathā svamātmānaṃ darśanaṃ hītyādinā dūṣaṇamuktam, evaṃ draṣṭurapi darśanavaddūṣaṇaṃ veditavyam | tadyathā-

ityādi vācyam | tasmāddarśanavad draṣṭāpi nāstīti siddham || 5 ||

atrāha- vidyata eva draṣṭā tatkarmakaraṇasadbhāvāt | iha yannāsti iti, na tasya karmakaraṇe vidyete tadyathā vandhyāsūnoḥ | asti ca draṣṭuḥ karaṇaṃ darśanaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ ca karma | tasmācchettṛvadvidyamānakarmakaraṇo vidyata eva draṣṭeti | ucyate | naiva hi draṣṭavyadarśane vidyete, tatkuto draṣṭā syāt? draṣṭusāpekṣe hi draṣṭavyadarśane | sa ca nirūttyamāṇaḥ-

tiraskṛtya draṣṭā nāstyatiraskṛtya ca darśanam |

iha draṣṭā nāma yadi kaścitsyāt, sa darśanasāpekṣo vā syānnirapekṣo vā | tatra yadi darśanasāpekṣo 'tiraskṛtya darśanamiṣyate, tadā siddhasya vā darśanāpekṣā syādasiddhasya vā | tatra siddho draṣṭā na hi darśanamapekṣate | kiṃ siddhasya sato draṣṭuḥ punardarśanāpek ṣā kuryāt? na hi siddhaṃ punarapi sādhyata iti | athāsiddho 'pekṣeta, asiddhatvādvandhyāsutavaddarśanaṃ nāpekṣate | evaṃ tāvadatiraskṛtya darśanamapekṣya draṣṭā nāsti | tiraskṛtyāpi, darśananirapekṣatvāt ityuktaṃ prāk | tadevaṃ tiraskṛtyātiraskṛtya vā darśanaṃ yadā draṣṭā nāsti, tadā-

draṣṭaryasati nirhetuke draṣṭavyadarśane na saṃbhavataḥ iti kutastatsadbhāvād draṣṭā prasetsyati?

atrāha- vidyete eva draṣṭavyadarśane, tatkāryasadbhāvāt | tatra-

iti draṣṭavyaṃ darśanaṃ ca pratītya vijñānamutpadyate | trayāṇāṃ saṃnipātātsāsravasparśaḥ, sparśasahajā vedanā, tatpratyayā tṛṣṇeti | evaṃ catvāryapi bhavāṅgāni draṣṭavyadarśanahetukāni vidyante | tasmātkāryasadbhāvād draṣṭavyadarśane vidyete iti | 7 ||

ucyate- syātāmete, yadi vijñānādicatuṣṭayameva syāt | yasmāt-

draṣṭavyadarśanābhāvādvijñānādicatuṣṭayam | nāstīti

iha draṣṭurabhāvād draṣṭavyadarśane api na sta ityuktam | ataḥ kuto vijñānādicatuṣṭayaṃ vijñānasparśavedanātṛṣṇākhyam? tasmānna santi vijñānādīni ||

atrāha- santyevatāni tatkāryasadbhāvāt | iha tṛṣṇāpratyayamupādānamityādinā upādānabhavajātijarāmaraṇādikaṃ vijñānādicatuṣṭayādutpadyate, tasmātsanti vijñānādīni tatkāryasadbhāvāt | (Pp_46) ucyate | syurupādānādīni yadi vijñānādicatuṣṭayameva syāt | yadā tu draṣṭavyadarśanābhāvādvijñānādicatuṣṭayaṃ naivāsti, tadā-

idānīṃ darśanavaccheṣāyatanavyākhyānātideśārthamāha-

iti ||

uktaṃ hi bhagavatā-

tathā-

tathācāryopālipṛcchāyām-

tathā-

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau cakṣurādīndriyaparīkṣā nāma tṛtīyaṃ prakaraṇam ||

4

skandhaparīkṣā caturtha prakaraṇam |

atrāha- yadyevaṃ cakṣurādīnīndriyāṇi na santi, na skandhāḥ, apratiṣedhāt tadantargatāni cendriyāṇi, atastānyapi bhaviṣyantīti | ucyate | syureva, yadi skandhāḥ syuḥ tatra rūpaskandhamadhikṛtyāha-

tatra rūpaṃ bhautikam | tasya kāraṇaṃ catvāri mahābhūtāni | tadvayatiriktaṃ pṛthagbhūtaṃ rūpaṃ rūpaśabdagandharasaspraṣṭavyākhyaṃ nopalabhyate ghaṭādiva paṭaḥ | rūpeṇāpi na nirmuktaṃ rūpātpṛthagbhūtaṃ rūpakāraṇamupalabhyate || 1 ||

tadetatpratijñādvayaṃ prasādhayitukāma āha-

yathā ghaṭādarthāntarabhūtaḥ paṭo na ghaṭahetukaḥ, evaṃ rūpakāraṇacaturmahābhūtavyatirikta bhautikaṃ rūpamiṣyamāṇaṃ na bhūtahetukaṃ syāt | na cāstyarthaḥ kaścidāhetukaḥ kvacit | tasmādahetukatvadoṣaprasaṅgānna rūpakāraṇanirmuktaṃ rūpamabhyupetavyamiti || 2 ||

idānīṃ rūpeṇāpi vinirmuktaṃ yathā rūpakāraṇaṃ nāsti, tathā pratipādayannāha- rūpeṇa tu vinirmuktaṃ yadi syādrūpakāraṇam |

yadi kāryarūpavinirmuktaṃ rūpakāraṇaṃ syāt, tadā, yathā ghaṭātkuṇḍaṃ pṛthaksiddhaṃ ghaṭahetukaṃ na bhavati, evaṃ kāryātpṛthagbhūtaṃ kāraṇamiṣyamāṇam-

akāryakaṃ kāraṇaṃ syāt

nirhetukaṃ syāt | kāraṇasya hi kāraṇatve kāryapravṛttirhetuḥ, kāryanirapekṣācca kāraṇāt pṛthaksiddhā nāsti kāryapravṛttiḥ | yaccākāryakaṃ kāraṇaṃ tannirhetukatvānnaroragaturagaviṣāṇavannāstyevetyāha-

atha cedaṃ rūpasya kāraṇamiṣyamāṇaṃ sati vā rūpe kāraṇatveneṣyate 'sati vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyata ityāha-

atha syāt- yadyapi evaṃ rūpakāraṇaṃ na saṃbhavati, tathāpi kāryaṃ rūpaṃ saṃvidyate, sadbhāvāt kāraṇamapi bhaviṣyatīti | syādevam, yadi kāryaṃ rūpaṃ syāt | na tvasti | ysmāt-

niṣkāraṇaṃ punā rūpaṃ naiva naivopapadyate |

rūpakāraṇaṃ yathā nāsti tathoktam | asati kāraṇe kuto nirhetukaṃ kāryaṃ rūpaṃ bhavet? naiva naivetyanena sāvadhāraṇena pratiṣedhadvayena ahetukatvādasyātyaniṣṭatāṃ darśayati | yataścaivaṃ rūpaṃ sarvathā vicāryamāṇaṃ na saṃbhavati,

tasmāt

tattvadarśī yogī

api ca | idaṃ rūpakāraṇamiṣyamāṇaṃ sadṛśaṃ kāryaṃ niṣpādayedasadṛśaṃ vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha-

tatra rūpakāraṇaṃ kaṭhinadravoṣṇataralasvabhāvam | bhautikaṃ tu cakṣurādhyātmikaṃ pañcacakṣurvijñānādyāśrayakarūpaprasādātmakam | bāhyaṃ tu rūpādyāyatanādikaṃ cakṣurvijñānādigrāhyalakṣaṇaṃ na mahābhūtasvabhāvamiti | ato bhinnalakṣaṇatvānnirvāṇavatkāryakāraṇayoḥ sādṛśyameva nāstīti

na kāraṇasya sadṛśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate |

na cāpi sadṛśānāṃ śālibījādīnāṃ parasparakāryakāraṇabhāvo dṛṣṭaḥ, ityataḥ na kāraṇasya sadṛśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate |

tathāpi

na kāraṇasyāsadṛśaṃ kāryamityupapadyate |

yathā cedaṃ rūpaṃ vicāryamāṇaṃ sarvathā nopapadyate, evaṃ vedanādayo 'pi, ityatidiśannāha-

vedanādikamapi sarvaṃ rūpavicāreṇaiva samaṃ yojyam | yathaiva hyekasya dharmasya śūnyatā pratipādayitumiṣṭā mādhyamikena, tathaiva sarvadharmāṇāmapīti || 7 ||

ataḥ-

tatra parapakṣadūṣaṇaṃ vigrahaḥ | śūnyatayā kāraṇabhūtayā rūpaṃ niḥsvabhāvamityevaṃ sasvabhāvavāde pratiṣiddhe, yadi paraḥ parihāraṃ brūyāt- vedanādayastāvatsanti, tadvadrūpamapyastīti, tadetatsarvaṃ tasyāparihṛtaṃ bhavati | yasmādvedanādīnāmapi sadbhāvaḥ sādhyena rūpasadbhāvena samo veditavyaḥ | yathā rūpaṃ svakāraṇāttattvānyatvena vicāryamāṇamasat, evaṃ sparśapratyayā vedanā, vijñānasahajā saṃjñā, avidyāpratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ, saṃskārapratyayaṃ ca vijñānaṃ svakāraṇātsparśādeḥ tattvānyatvādinā vicāryamāṇaṃ nāstīti sarvametatsādhyasamaṃ bhavati | yathā vedanādayaḥ sādhyasamāḥ, evaṃ lakṣyalakṣaṇakāryakāraṇāvayavyavayavādayo 'pi sarva eva padārthāḥ rūpeṇa sādhyena samā iti kutaḥ parasya parīhāra saṃbhavet? sarvaṃ vacanamasya sādhyasamaṃ bhavatīti sarvatra śāstre parīhāreṇa sādhyasamatvaṃ mādhyamikenā grāhaṇīyamityācāryaḥ śikṣayati || 8 ||

yathā ca parapakṣadūṣaṇe vihi 'toyaṃ vidhiḥ, evaṃ vyākhyānakāle 'pītyāha-

vyākhyānakāle 'pi yaḥ śiṣyadeśīyaścodyamupālambhaṃ kuryāt, tasyāpi taccodyamupālambhākhyaṃ pūrvavatsādhyasamaṃ veditavyam | yathoktam-

bhāvasyaikasya yo draṣṭā draṣṭā sarvasya sa smṛtaḥ | ekasya śūnyatā yaiva saiva sarvasya śūnyatā || iti |

āryagaganagañjasamādhisūtre 'pi-

samādhirājasūtre 'pi-

ekena sarvaṃ jānāti sarvamekena paśyati | kiyadbahu pi bhāvetvā na tasyotpadyate madaḥ || iti |

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacittāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau skandhaparīkṣā nāma caturtha prakaraṇam ||

5

dhātuparīkṣā pañcamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

atrāha- dhātavaḥ santi pratiṣedhābhāvāt | uktaṃ ca bhagavatā- ṣaḍdhāturayaṃ mahārāja puruṣapudgala ityādi | tataśca pravacanapāṭhāddhātuvatskandhāyatanānyeva santīti | ucyate | syuḥ skandhāyatanāni yadi dhātava eva syuḥ | kathamityāha-

tatra ṣaḍ dhātava uktāḥ pṛthivyaptejovāyvākāśavijñānākhyāḥ | tatrākāśamadhikṛtyocyate dūṣaṇaṃ svarūpanirūpaṇāt | ihākāśasyānāvaraṇaṃ lakṣaṇamucyate | yad yasmātpūrvamākāśamanāvaraṇa lakṣaṇāllakṣyaṃ syāt, tatra lakṣaṇapravartanādanāvaraṇalakṣaṇātpūrvaṃ nākāśaṃ lakṣyarūpamiti | yadā caivam-

tathāhi alakṣaṇaṃ pravartatām | tadabhāve khapuṣpavannāstyākāśamityāha-

alakṣaṇo na kaścicca bhāvaḥ saṃvidyate kvacit |

iti | atrāha- lakṣaṇapravṛttirlakṣye bhavet, tatsadbhāvāllakṣyamapyastīti | etadapi nāsti | yasmāt-

lakṣaṇātpūrvamalakṣaṇo bhāvo nāstītyuktam | tataśca asati asaṃvidyamāne alakṣaṇe lakṣaṇarahite bhāve kuha idānīṃ lakṣaṇaṃpravartatāmiti nāsti lakṣaṇapravṛttiḥ || 2 ||

api ca | idaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ pravartamānaṃ salakṣaṇe vā pravarteta alakṣaṇe vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyata ityāha-

tatra alakṣaṇe kharaviṣāṇavanna lakṣaṇapravṛttiḥ | salakṣaṇe 'pi bhāve na lakṣaṇapravṛttirūpapadyate prayojanābhāvāt | kiṃ hi lakṣaṇavataḥ prasiddhasya bhāvasya punarlakṣaṇakṛtyaṃ syāt? ityanavasthā atiprasaṅgaścaivaṃ syāt | na hyasau kadācinna salakṣaṇaḥ syāditi sadaiva lakṣaṇapravṛttiḥ prasajyeta | na caitadiṣṭam | tasmātsalakṣaṇe 'pi bhāve na lakṣaṇapravṛttiparupadyate prayojanābhāvāt | tatraivaṃ syāt- salakṣaṇālakṣaṇābhyāmanyatra pravartiṣyata iti | ucyate-

salakṣaṇālakṣaṇābhyāṃ nāpyanyatra pravartate |

kiṃ kāraṇam? asadbhāvāt | yadi salakṣaṇo nālakṣaṇaḥ, athālakṣaṇo na salakṣaṇaḥ | ataḥ salakṣaṇaśca alakṣaṇaśceti vipratiṣiddhametat | na ca vipratiṣiddhaṃ saṃbhavati | tasmādasaṃbhavādeva salakṣaṇe cālakṣaṇe ca lakṣaṇapravṛttirnopapadyate iti || 3 ||

athāpi syāt- yadyapi na lakṣaṇapravṛttiḥ, tathāpi lakṣyamastīti etadapi nāsti | yasmāt-

lakṣaṇāsaṃpravṛttau ca na lakṣyamupapadyate |

yadā lakṣaṇapravṛttireva nāsti tadā kathaṃ lakṣyaṃ syāt? naiva saṃbhavatītyabhiprāyaḥ |

atrāha- lakṣaṇapravṛttistvayā niṣiddhā na tu lakṣaṇam, tataśca vidyate lakṣyam, lakṣaṇa sadbhāvāt | ucyate-

lakṣaṇāsaṃpravṛttau ca na lakṣyamupapadyate iti pratipāditam | tadā

lakṣyasyānupapattau ca lakṣaṇasyāpyasaṃbhavaḥ |

yadā caivaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ nāsti, tadā lakṣaṇasadbhāvādvidyate lakṣyamiti yaduktaṃ tanna yataścaitadevam-

tasmānna vidyate lakṣyaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ naiva vidyate |

iti nigamanam ||

atrāha- yadyāpi lakṣyalakṣaṇe na staḥ, tathā (pyā)kāśamasti, bhāvarūpaṃ ca bhavadākāśa lakṣyaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ vā syāt | tasmāllakṣyalakṣaṇe api ṣṭa iti | etadapyayuktamityāha-

lakṣyalakṣaṇe yathā na staḥ, tathoktaṃ prāk | yadā anayorabhāvaḥ, tadā lakṣyalakṣaṇarahitatvādākāśakusumavannāstyākāśam || 5 ||

yadyākāśaṃ bhāvo na bhavati, abhāvastarhi astu? etadapi nāsti | yasmāt-

avidyamāne bhāve ca kasyābhāvo bhaviṣyati |

yadā ākāśaṃ bhāvo na bhavati, tadā bhāvasyāsattve kasyābhāvaḥ kalpyatām? vakṣyati hi-

bhāvasya cedaprasiddhirabhāvo naiva sidhyati | bhāvasya hyanyathābhāvamabhāvaṃ bruvate janāḥ || iti |

tasmād bhāvābhāvādabhāvo 'pyākāśaṃ na saṃbhavati | rūpābhāvaścākāśamiti vyavasthāpyate | yadyapi rūpaṃ syāttadā rūpābhāva ākāśamiti syāt | yadā ca yathoktena nyāyena rūpameva nāsti, tadā kasyābhāva ākāśaṃ syāt?

atrāha- vidyete eva bhāvābhāvau, tatparīkṣakasadbhāvāt | asti ca bhavān bhāvābhāvayoḥ parīkṣakaḥ, ya evāha-

avidyamāne bhāve ca kasyābhāvo bhaviṣyati |

iti | tasmād bhavato bhāvābhāvaparīkṣakasya sadbhāvāt parīkṣyāvapi bhāvābhāvau vidyete iti | ucyate | etadapyayuktam | yasmāt-

syātāṃ bhāvābhāvau yadi, tadā tayoḥ parīkṣako bhāvo va syādabhāvo vā | yadi bhāva iṣyate, tasya

lakṣyalakṣaṇanirmukto naiva bhāvo 'pi vidyate |

ityuktaṃ dūṣaṇam | atha abhāvaḥ,

avidyamāne bhāve ca kasyābhāvo bhaviṣyati |

ityatroktametadduṣaṇam | na ca bhāvābhāvavisadṛśadharmā kaścit tṛtīyaḥ padārtho 'sti, yo 'nayoravagamaka iti nāsti bhāvābhāvayoḥ parīkṣakaḥ | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā-

bhāvānabhāvāniti yaḥ prajānati sa sarvabhāveṣu na jātu sajjate | yaḥ sarvabhāveṣu na jātu sajjate sa ānimittaṃ bhajate samādhim || iti |

tathā-

idānīṃ pratipāditamarthaṃ nigamayannāha- tasmānna bhāvo nābhāvo na lakṣyaṃ nāpi lakṣaṇam | ākāśam

iti | yathā cākāśam, evam-

tadevaṃ padārthānāṃ svabhāve vyavasthite avidyātimiropahatamatinayanatayā anādisaṃsārābhyastatayā bhāvābhāvādiviparītadarśanā nirvāṇānugāmyaviparītanaiḥsvabhāvyadarśanasanmārgaparibhraṣṭāḥ

draṣṭavyopaśamaṃ śivalakṣaṇaṃ sarvakalpanājālarahitaṃ jñānajñeyanivṛttisvabhāvaṃ śivaṃ paramārthasvabhāvam | paramārthamajaramamaramaprapañcaṃ nirvāṇaṃ śūnyatāsvabhāvaṃ te na paśyanti mandabuddhitayā astitvaṃ nāstitvaṃ cābhiniviṣṭāḥ santa iti | yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām-

āryasamādhirāje coktaṃ bhagavatā-

astīti nāstīti vivāda eṣaḥ śuddhī aśuddhīti ayaṃ vivādaḥ | vivādaprāptyā na dukhaṃ praśāmyate avivādaprāptyā ca duḥkhaṃ nirudhyate || iti |

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau dhātuparīkṣā nāma pañcamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

6

rāgaraktaparīkṣā ṣaṣṭhaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyanta eva skandhāyatanadhātavaḥ | kutaḥ? tadāśrayasaṃkleśopalabdheḥ | iha yannāsti, na tadāśrayasaṃkleśopalabdhirasti bandhyāduhituriva vandhyāsūnoḥ | santi ca rāgādayaḥ kleśāḥ saṃkleśanibandhanam | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā- bālo bhikṣave aśrutavān pṛthagjanaḥ prajñaptimanupatitaḥ cakṣuṣā rūpāṇi dṛṣṭvā saumanasyasthānīyānyabhiniviśate | so 'bhiniviṣṭaḥ san rāgamutpādayati | raktaḥ san rāgajaṃ dveṣajaṃ mohajaṃ karmābhisaṃskaroti kāyena vācā manaseti vistaraḥ | ucyate | syuḥ skandhāyatanadhātavo yadi rāgādaya eva kleśāḥ syuḥ | ihāyaṃ rāgaḥ parikalpyamāno bālapṛthagjanaiḥ sati rakte nare parikalpyeta asati vā? ubhayathā ca na yujyata ityāha-

tatra rāgaḥ saktiradhyavasānaṃ saṅgo 'bhiniveśa iti paryāyāḥ | rakto rāgāśrayaḥ | sa yadi rakto rāgātpūrvaṃ rāgatiraskṛto rāgarahito bhavet, tadā taṃ rāgatiraskṛtaṃ raktaṃ pratītya rāgo bhavet | evaṃ sakti rakte rāgo bhavediti yuktam | na tvevaṃ saṃbhavati, yadrāgarahito raktaḥ syāt | arhatāmapi rāgaprasaṅgāt || 1 ||

yadyevaṃ sati rakte na rāgaḥ, asati tarhi rakte rāgo 'stu | etadapyayuktamityāha-

rakte 'sati punā rāgaḥ kuta eva bhaviṣyati |

yadā sati rakte rāgo nāsti, tadā kathamasati rakte nirāśrayo rāgaḥ setsyati? na hi asati phale tatpakvatā saṃbhavatīti ||

atrāha- yadyapi tvayā rāgo niṣiddhaḥ, tathāpi rakto 'sti, apratiṣedhāt | na ca rāgamantareṇa rakto yuktaḥ, tasmādayamapyastīti | ucyate | syādrāgo yadi raktaḥ syāt | yasmādayaṃ rakta iṣyamāṇaḥ sati vā rāge parikalpyeta, asati vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha-

tatra yadi sati rāge raktaḥ parikalpyeta, tatrāpi eṣa eva rāgānupapattikramo 'nantarokto rakte 'pi tulyaḥ |

raktādyadi bhavetpūrvaṃ rāgo raktatiraskṛtaḥ |

ityādi | athāsati rāge rakta iṣyate, etadapyayuktam | yasmāt-

rāge 'sati punā raktaḥ kuta eva bhaviṣyati |

iti | tasmādrakto 'pi nāsti | rāgaraktābhāvācca skandhādayo 'pi na santīti || 2 ||

atrāha- naiva hi rāgaraktayoḥ paurvāparyeṇa saṃbhavo yata idaṃ dūṣaṇaṃ syāt, kiṃ tarhi rāgaraktayoḥ sahaivodbhavaḥ | cittasahabhūtena rāgeṇa hi cittaṃ rajyate, tacca raktamiti | ato vidyete eva rāgaraktāviti | ucyate | evamapi-

sahaiva punarudbhūtirna yuktā rāgaraktayoḥ |

sahotpādo 'pi na yukto rāgaraktayoḥ | yasmāt-

api ca | anayo rāgaraktayoḥ sahabhāvaḥ ekatve parikalpyeta pṛthaktve vā? tatra yadi ekatve, tanna yujyate | yasmāt

naikatve sahabhāvo 'sti

kasmātpunarnāstītyāha-

na tenaiva hi tatsaha |

na hi rāgasvātmā rāgādavyatirikto rāgeṇa saheti vyapadiśyate ||

idānīṃ pṛthaktve 'pi sahabhāvābhāvamāha-

kiṃ cānyat-

yadi ekatve sahabhāvaḥ syāt, tadā yatra yatraikatvaṃ tatra tatra sahabhāva ityekasyāpi sahabhāvaḥ syāt | pṛthaktve 'pi sahabhāve iṣyamāṇe yatra yatra pṛthaktvaṃ tatra tatra sahabhāva iti aśvādivyatiriktasya pṛthagavasthitasya goḥ asahāyasya sahabhāvaḥ syāt || 5 ||

kiṃ ca-

pṛthaktve sahabhāvaśca rāgaraktayoḥ parikalpyate | kimanayoḥ siddhaḥ pṛthakpṛthagbhāvaḥ? kiṃ rāganirapekṣo raktaḥ siddho yatastayoḥ sahabhāvaḥ syāt? pṛthakpṛthaksiddhayoreva hi gavāśvayoḥ sahabhāvo dṛṣṭaḥ | na tvevaṃ rāgaraktau pṛthakpṛthaksiddhāviti nāstyanayoḥ sahabhāvaḥ || 6 ||

athavā | pṛthakpṛthagasiddhayorna sahabhāva iti kṛtvā-

siddhaḥ pṛthakpṛthagbhāvo yadi vā rāgaraktayoḥ |

parikalpyate bhavatā, kimidānīṃ sahabhāvenākiṃcitkareṇa parikalpitenetyāha-

rāgaraktayoḥ siddhayarthaṃ sahabhāvaḥ parikalpyate | saca pṛthakpṛthagasiddhayornāstīti pṛthakpṛthak siddhirabhyupagamyate tvayā | nanvevaṃ sati siddhatvātkimanayoḥ sahabhāvena kṛtyam?

atha-

pṛthaṅ na sidhyatītyevaṃ sahabhāvaṃ vikāṅkṣasi |

pṛthakpṛthag rāgaraktayoḥ siddhirnāstīti kṛtvā yadyanayoḥ sahabhāvamicchasi, sa ca pṛthakpṛthagasiddhayornāstīti-

yāvatā-

nāstyeva sa pṛthagbhāvaḥ sahabhāvānapekṣo yasmin pṛthagbhāve sati sahabhāvasiddhiḥ syādityasaṃbhāvayannāha-

tadevaṃ yathoditavicāraparāmarśena rāgaraktayorasiddhiṃ nigamayannāha-

evaṃ raktena rāgasya siddhirna saha nāsaha |

iti | yathā ca rāgaraktayorna paurvāparyeṇa siddhiḥ nāpi sahabhāvena, evaṃ sarvabhāvānāmapītyatidiśannāha-

ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā-

yo rajyeta yatra vā rajyeta yena vā rajyeta, yo duṣyeta yatra vā duṣyeta yena vā duṣyeta, yo muhyeta yatra vā muhyeta yena vā muhyeta, sa taṃ dharma na samanupaśyati taṃ dharma nopalabhate | sa taṃ dharmamasamanupaśyannanupalabhamāno 'rakto 'duṣṭo 'mūḍho 'viparyastacittaḥ samāhita ityucyate | tīrṇaḥ pāraga ityucyate | kṣemaprāpta ityucyate | abhayaprāpta ityucyate | yāvat kṣīṇāsrava ityucyate | niḥkleśo vaśībhūtaḥ suvimuktacittaḥ suvimuktaprajña ājāneyo mahābhāgaḥ kṛtakṛtyaḥ kṛtakaraṇīyaḥ apahatabhāro 'nuprāptasvakārthaḥ parikṣīṇabhavasaṃyojanaḥ samyagājñāsuvimuktacittaḥ sarvacetovaśitāparamapāramiprāptaḥ śramaṇa ityucyate | iti vistaraḥ ||

tathā-

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacittāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau rāgaraktaparīkṣā nāma ṣaṣṭhaṃ prakaraṇam ||

7

saṃskṛtaparīkṣā saptamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyanta eva saṃskṛtasvabhāvāḥ, skandhāyatanadhātavaḥ utpādādisaṃskṛtalakṣaṇasadbhāvāt | uktaṃ hi bhagavatā- trīṇīmāni saṃskṛtasya saṃskṛtalakṣaṇāni | saṃskṛtasya bhikṣavaḥ utpādo 'pi prajñāyate, vyayo 'pi, sthityanyathātvamapīti | na ca avidyamānasya kharaviṣāṇasyeva jātyādilakṣaṇamasti | tasmātsaṃskṛtalakṣaṇopadeśādvidyanta eva skandhāyatanadhātavaḥ iti | ucyate | syuḥ skandhāyatanadhātavaḥ saṃskṛtasvabhāvāstāvakena matena, yadi jātyādilakṣaṇameva bhavet | ihāyamutpādaḥ saṃskṛtalakṣaṇatveneṣyamāṇaḥ saṃskṛto vā tallakṣaṇatveneṣyate, asaṃskṛto vā? tatra-

yadi saṃskṛta utpādastatra yuktā trilakṣaṇī |

trayāṇāṃ lakṣaṇānāṃ samāhārastrilakṣaṇī | iyaṃ ca utpādasthitibhaṅgasamāhārasvabhāvasarvasaṃskṛtāvyabhicāriṇīti kṛtvā yadi utpādaḥ saṃskṛta iti parikalpyate, tadā utpāde 'pi trilakṣaṇī prasajyate | tataśca rūpādivallakṣyatvamutpādasya syāt, na saṃskṛtalakṣaṇatvam | athotpāde 'pi trilakṣaṇī neṣyate, tadā trilakṣaṇīrahitatvādākāśavat saṃskṛtalakṣaṇatvamasyāvahīyate ityāha-

iti | naitatsaṃskṛtalakṣaṇamityabhiprāyaḥ || 1 ||

api ca | ime utpādādayaḥ saṃskṛtasya lakṣaṇatvena parikalpyamānā vyastā vā pṛthagvā lakṣaṇatvena parikalpyeran, samastā vā sahabhūtā vā? ubhayathā ca na yujyata ityāha-

tatra vyastā lakṣaṇakarmaṇi na yujyante | yadi utpādakāle sthitibhaṅgau na syātāṃ tadā sthitibhaṅgarahitasya ākāśasyeva saṃskṛtalakṣaṇatvenānupapadya evotpādaḥ | atha sthitikāle utpādabhaṅgau na staḥ, tadā tadrahitasya sthitiḥ syāt | utpādabhaṅgarahitaśca padārtho nāstyeveti na asyāvidyamānasya khapuṣpavat sthitiryujyate | kiṃ ca | sthitiyuktasya paścādanityatayāpi yogo na syāt, tadvirodhidharmākrāntatvāt | atha syāt- pūrvaṃ śāśvato bhūtvā paścādaśāśvata iti, na caikapadārthaḥ śāśvataścāśāśvataśca yukta iti notpādabhaṅgarahitasya sthitiḥ | tathā yadi bhaṅgakāle sthityutpādau na syātām, evamapyanutpannasya sthitirahitasya khapuṣpasya vināśo 'pi nāstīti | evaṃ tāvadutpādādayo vyastā nālaṃ lakṣaṇakarmaṇi nālaṃ na paryāptā ityarthaḥ ||

idānīṃ samastā api na yujyanta ityāha-

samastāḥ syurekatra kathamekadā |

ekatra padārthe, ekasmin kāle, parasparaviruddhatvādrāgavairāgyavat, ālokāndhakāravadvā na yujyanta ityabhiprāyaḥ | yasminneva kṣaṇe padārtho jāyate, tasminneva tiṣṭhati vinaśyati ceti kaḥ sacetāḥ pratipadyeta? tasmātsamastānāmapi utpādādīnāṃ saṃskṛtasya lakṣaṇakarmaṇi nāsti sāmarthyam || 2 ||

atha yaduktaṃ 'yadi saṃskṛta utpādaḥ'; ityādi, tena yadi utpādādīnāṃ trilakṣaṇī prāptā prasaktā, tataḥ ko doṣaḥ? athāsaṃskṛtaḥ, evamapyadoṣa iti | ucyate-

utpādasthitibhaṅgānāmanyatsaṃskṛtalakṣaṇam

nanu ca pakṣadvaye 'pi vihita eva doṣaḥ, tatra kiṃ punaruktābhidhāneneti | satyamukto doṣaḥ sa khalu nācāryeṇa, kiṃ tarhi vṛttikāreṇa | atha pūrvapratijñātameva dūṣaṇāntarābhidhānena spaṣṭīkaraṇārthaṃ punarācāryo 'bhihitavān | yadi utpādasthitibhaṅgānāmanyadutpādādikaṃ saṃskṛtalakṣaṇamiṣyate, tadā teṣāmapyanyat, teṣāmapyanyat, ityaparyavasānadoṣaḥ syāt | sati ca aparyavasānadoṣe, kiṃ pūrvaṃ syād yata uttarakālamaparaṃ bhavediti vyavasthābhāvādasaṃbhava evaṃ utpādādīnāmityabhiprāyaḥ | athavā, pūrvaṃ mukhyatvādutpādasyaiva dūṣaṇamuktam, adhunā tu sāmānyeneti | nāsti cette na saṃskṛtā iti gatārthametat || 3 ||

atrāhuḥ sāṃmitīyāḥ- santi cotpādādīnāmutpādādayaḥ, na ca anavasthāprasaṅgaḥ, lakṣaṇānulakṣaṇānāṃ parasparaniṣpādakatvāt | yasmādiha saṃskṛtadharmaḥ kuśalaḥ kliṣṭo vā utpadyamānaḥ ātmanā pañcadaśaḥ utpadyate | sa dharmastasya cotpādaḥ samanvāgamaḥ sthitirjarā anityatā | yadyasau dharmaḥ kliṣṭo bhavati, tasya mithyāvimuktiḥ | atha śubhaḥ, tasya samyagvimuktiḥ | yadi nairyāṇiko bhavati tasya nairyāṇikatā | atha anairyāṇikaḥ, tasya anairyāṇikatā | ityeṣa parivāraḥ | idānīmutpāda syāpara utpādaḥ yāvadanairyāṇikatānairyāṇikatetyeṣa parivārasya parivāraḥ | tatra yo 'yaṃ maula utpāda sa ātmānaṃ vihāya anyāṃścaturdaśa dharmān janayati | utpādotpādasaṃjñakastu anulakṣaṇabhūta utpādo maulamevotpādaṃ janayati | evaṃ yāvadanairyāṇikatā caturdaśa dharmān na niryāṇayati, na tannirvāṇaṃ prāpayatītyarthaḥ | anairyāṇikatānairyāṇikatā tu na niryāṇayati | tadevamutpādādīnāmanavasthāṃ pariharannāha-

dvividho hyutpādaḥ | eko maula utpādaḥ, aparaśca utpādotpādasaṃjñakaḥ, utpādasyotpāda iti kṛtvā | tatra yo 'yamutpādotpādasaṃjñaka utpādaḥ, sa mūlotpādasya kevalamutpādakaḥ | taṃ cedānīmutpādopādākhyamutpādaṃ (Pp_61) maula utpādo janayati | tadevaṃ parasparanirvartanādasti ca trilakṣaṇī utpādādīnām, na cānavasthāprasaṅga iti || 4 ||

atha manyase- utpādita eva maulenotpādena utpādotpādo maulaṃ janayiṣyati, etadapyasadityāha-

sa utpādotpādasaṃjñaka utpādo maulena janito yadi maulaṃ janayati, sa maula utpādotpādenājanito 'vidyamānaḥ kathamutpādotpādaṃ janayiṣyati? tasmānmaulena janitaḥ san utpādotpādo maulaṃ janayatīte na yujyate | tataśca parasparanirvartyanirvartakatvābhāvātsa eva anavasthāprasaṅga iti nāstyutpādaḥ || 6 ||

atrāha- utpadyamāna eva mūlotpāda utpādotpādamutpādayati, sa evotpādotpādo mūlotpādaṃ janayiṣyatīti | ucyate-

kāmamayaṃ mūlotpāda utpadyamāna utpādayedutpādam, yadyayameva ajātaḥ śaknuyādaparamajātamutpādayitum | utpadyamāno hi nāma anāgataḥ | sa ca ajātaḥ kathamutpādayiṣyatīti na yuktamevaitadityabhiprāyaḥ evamutpādotpāde 'pi vācyam || 7 ||

atrāha- naiva hi utpādasyāpara utpādo 'sti yato 'navasthāprasaṅgaḥ syāt | kiṃ tarhi-

ucyate | syādetadevaṃ yadi pradīpaḥ svaparātmānau saṃprakāśayet | na caivam | yasmāt-

iha prakāśo nāma tamasya (so?) vadhaḥ | tamaśca pradīpasvātmani tāvanna saṃbhavati virodhāt, yattamo nighnataḥ svātmaprakāśatvaṃ syāt | na cāpi pradīpo yatra deśe tiṣṭhati tatra tamo 'sti, yattamo nighnataḥ pradīpasya paraprakāśakatvaṃ syāt | ato 'pi nāsti pradīpasya svaparātmaprakāśakatvam | yadā caivam, tadā pradīpavadutpādasya svaparātmotpādakatvaṃ na saṃbhaviṣyati, iti ayuktametat || 9 ||

atrāha- yadetaduktaṃ pradīpe nāndhakāro 'stīti, etadasatyandhakāradhāte yuktameva vaktum | yasmāttu utpadyamānenaiva pradīpena tamo nihatam, tatra pradīpe nāndhakāro 'sti, yatra ca pradīpo 'sti, tatrāpyandhakāro nāstīti yujyate | yadi pradīpena nāndhakāradhātaḥ kṛtaḥ, tadā anutpanne iva pradīpe utpanne 'pi ghaṭādayo nopalabhyeran, andhakāraghātābhāvātprāgavasthāmiva | tasmādastyeva andhakāraghātalakṣaṇaṃ prakāśanaṃ pradīpasya | taccānena utpadyamānena pradīpena kṛtamiti | ucyate-

iha ālokāndhakārayoryaugapadyābhāvāt prāpterabhāvaḥ | yadā caivaṃ prāpterabhāvaḥ, tadā kathaṃ kena prakāreṇedānīmutpadyamānena pradīpena tamo hatamiti yuktaṃ parikalpayitum? yasmācca evamutpadyamāna pradīpaḥ tamo na prāpnoti, tasmānnaiva aprāptatvātpradīpaḥ kiṃcidapi prakāśayatītyavasīyatām || 10 ||

atha manyase- yathā aprāptāmeva avidyāṃ jñānaṃ nihanti, aprāptameva rūpaṃ cakṣuḥ paśyati aprāptameva ayaḥ ayaskānto maṇirākarṣati, evameva aprāptamevāndhakāraṃ pradīpo nihaniṣyatīti etadapyasāramityāha-

yadi aprāpyaiva pradīpena tamo nihatam, evaṃ sati, ihastha eva pradīpaḥ sarvalokasthaṃ tamo nihaniṣyati, aprāptatvātsamīpasthamivetyabhiprāyaḥ | etena nyāyena jñānena avidyāghātaḥ, cakṣuṣā rūpadarśanam, ayaskāntamaṇinā ayaākarṣaṇamiva ityevamādikaṃ sādhyasamaṃ jñeyam ||

atha aprāptāvapi satyāmayaskāntamaṇiprabhṛtīnāṃ yogyadeśāvasthānāmeva svakāryakṛtvaṃ debhaviṣyatīti cet, tadapi na yuktam | aprāptau hi satyāṃ viprakṛṣṭadeśāntarāvasthitavadavyavahitaśāntarāvasthita vacca aprāptatvād yogyadeśāvasthitānāmapi yogyadeśāvasthitatvaṃ na yuktamiti kuto yogyadeśāvasthitānāṃ svakāryakṛttvaṃ prasetsyati?

dṛṣṭametallokata iti cennaitadevam | yathā hi bhavān parikalpayati na tathā loke dṛṣṭam | yasmāt na lokaḥ prāptyaprāpticintāmevamādau viṣaye 'vatārya pradīpādīnāṃ prakāśakatvādikaṃ kalpayati | yathoditaṃ tu vicāramanavatārya pradīpena tamo hatam, cakṣuṣā rūpadarśanam, ayaskāntamaṇinā ayaākarṣaṇam ityādi icchati | paśyatu vā loka evam | tattvavicārakāle tu lokasyāprāmāṇyānna tena bādhā śakyate kartum | evaṃ tāvadaprāpya prakāśanamayuktam | prāptāvapi viṣayādigrahaṇamayuktameva | prāptirhi ekatve sati bhavati | yadā caikatvaṃ tadā svarūpavaddarśanākarṣaṇādikaṃ nāsti ||

yadi ca svaparātmānau pradīpaḥ prakāśayatīti parikalpyate tvayā, tamaso 'pi tarhi pratipakṣa bhūtasya svaparātmanoḥ pracchādanaṃ prakalpyatamityāha-

pratidvandvitvātpradīpavat tamo 'pi svaparātmagataṃ vyāpāraṃ kariṣyati, tataśca paravadātmānamapi chādayiṣyati | yadi ca ātmānaṃ chādayettamaḥ, tasyaivānupalabdhiḥ syāt, ghaṭādivattamasā pracchāditatvāt | ata evoktamāryopālipṛcchāyām-

tathāryaratnakūṭasūtre-

jñānaṃ na kalpeti añānu no bhavet jñānaṃ pratītyaiva vinaśyate tamo | bhayaṃ pi agrāhya khapuṣpasaṃnibhaṃ jñānaṃ tathājñānu bhayaṃ pi śūnyam || iti || 12 ||

kiṃ cānyat- ihāyamutpādo yadyātmānamutpādayet, sa utpanno vā svātmānamutpādayet, anutpanno vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha-

yadi anutpanna utpādaḥ svātmānamutpādayet, maṇḍūkajaṭāśiromaṇirapyātmānamutpādayet | atha utpanna utpādayet, kimutpannasyāpareṇotpādena prayojanamiti | evaṃ tāvadutpāda ātmānaṃ notpādayati || 13 ||

idānīṃ paramapi yathā notpādayati tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi kiṃcidutpadyeta tadutpāda utpādayet | na tu kiṃcidutpadyate 'dhvatraye 'pyutpādāsaṃbhavāt | etacca gamyamānagatāgataiḥ prāgevoktam | tatra yathā gataṃ na gamyate, atītavartamānayorvirodhāt | nāpyagataṃ gamyate, anāgatavartamānayorvirodhāt | nāpi gamyamānaṃ gamyate, gatāgatavyatiriktagamyamānānupalambhādityuktam | evamutpadyamāno bhāvo notpadyate, utpannānutpannavyatirekeṇotpadyamānābhāvāt | utpanno 'pi notpadyate, atītavartamānayorvirodhāt | utpanna ityuparatotpattikriya ucyate, utpadyata iti vartamānakriyāviṣṭaḥ | tataśca utpanna utpadyate ityucyamāne atītavartamānayorekakālatā syāt | anutpanno 'pi notpadyate, anāgatavartamānayorvirodhāt | tasmādutpādaḥ paramutpādayatīti na yuktam || 14 ||

atrāha- utpadyamānamevotpadyate notpannaṃ nāpyanutpannamiti | atha manyase- utpannānutpannavyatirekeṇa utpadyamānāsaṃbhavānnotpadyamānamutpadyata iti, etacca nāsti, yasmādiha utpattikriyāyuktamutpadyamānamiti vyapadiśyate | tasmādutpattau satyāmutpattiṃ pratītya utpadyamānasiddheḥ utpadyamānamevotpadyate, taccotpadyamānamutpāda utpādayatīti | ucyate-

yaduktam- utpattiṃ pratītya utpadyamānaṃ bhavati, taccotpadyata iti | nanu | viśeṣata etadvaktavyaṃ syāt- asyotpattiṃ pratītya idaṃ nāmotpadyamānaṃ bhavatīti | na caivamucyate | na hi tadutpadyamānaṃ viśeṣato nirdhārayituṃ śakyate idaṃ tadutpadyamānamiti, anutpannatvāttannimittagrahaṇataḥ | tataśca utpadyamānāsaṃbhavādutpattikriyāpi nāstīti | kathamasatyāmutpattau tāṃ pratītya utpadyamānaṃ syāt? tasmādutpadyamānamutpadyate, tacca utpāda utpādayatītyayuktam || 15 ||

atrāha- aho bata ahamatīva bhavato dṛṣṭādṛṣṭapadārthanirapekṣādatyantanāstikādvibhemi, yo hi nāma bhavāṃstathāgatapravacanavyākhyānavyājena dūṣaṇamātrakauśalamevātmanaḥ prakaṭayan paramarṣigaditamidaṃ pratyayatāpratītyasamutpādalakṣaṇaṃ paramārthasatyaṃ tathāgatānāṃ nihanti | iha bhagavatā tathāgatena prakṛtīśvarasvabhāvakālāṇunārāyaṇajaiminikaṇādakapilāditīrthakarakartṛvādanirāsena sarvabhāvānāṃ tattvamādarśitam, yaduta asmin sati idaṃ bhavati, asyotpādādidamutpadyate, yaduta avidyāpratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ ityādyaviparītaṃ pratītyasamutpādaṃ prakaṭayatā | tasya ca tvayā notpadyamānaṃ notpannaṃ nānutpannamityādinā dūṣaṇaṃ vidadhatā tathāgatajananyāḥ pratītyasamutpattimāturvadha evācarita ityalaṃ bhavatā sarvanāstikena tvayeti | ucyate | nāhaṃ sakaladaśabalajananīṃ pratītyasamutpattimātaraṃ nihanmi | bhavāneva tu paramagambhīrapratītyasamutpādādhimuktivirahādviparītaṃ tadarthamavadhārya asmākameva adhilayaṃ karoti | nanu ca idaṃ pratītyedaṃ bhavatītyevamabhidhānena bhagavatā tathāgatena niḥsvabhāvatvameva sarvadharmāṇāṃ spaṣṭamāveditam | yasmāt-

pratītya yadyadbhavati tattacchāntaṃ svabhāvataḥ |

yo hi padārtho vidyamānaḥ sa sasvabhāvaḥ svenātmanā svaṃ svabhāvamanapāyinaṃ bimarti | sa saṃvidyamānatvānnaivānyatkiṃcidapekṣate, nāpyutpadyate, iti kṛtvā sasvabhāvabhāvābhyupagame sati kutaḥ pratītyasamutpāda iti bhavateva sasvabhāvatāṃ bhāvānāmabhyupagacchatā sarvathā pratītyasamutpāda eva bādhito bhavati | tataśca paramadharmabuddhadarśanamapi bādhitaṃ bhavati- yaḥ pratītyasamutpādaṃ paśyati sa dharmaṃ paśyati, yo dharmaṃ paśyati sa buddhaṃ paśyatītyāgamāt | mayā tu yatpratītya bījākhyaṃ kāraṇaṃ yadbhavatyaṅkurākhyaṃ kāryam, tacca ubhayamapi śāntaṃ svabhāvavirahitaṃ pratītyasamutpannaṃ pratipādayatā sarvathā bhagavatāṃ tathāgatānāṃ pratītyasamutpattimātā dyotitā bhavati | yata evam-

atrāha- yaduktam-

iti, tadayuktam | yasmādidamutpadyamānamityeva saṃbhavati | tathā hi ghaṭotpattiṃ pratītya ghaṭa utpadyamāno bhavati, taṃ ca utpadyamānamutpāda utpādayatītyucyate | etadapyayuktam | yasmāt-

yadi kaścidanutpannaḥ utpādātpūrvaṃ ghaṭo nāma kvacitsaṃvidyeta, sa utpattikriyāṃ pratītyotpadyeta na caivaṃ kaścidutpādātpūrvaṃ kvacidasti | tasminnasati ghaṭe kimutpadyate?

atha syāt- yadyutpādātpūrvaṃ ghaṭo nāsti, tathāpi utpannaḥ san ghaṭasaṃjñāṃ pratilapsyate, tadbhāvinyā saṃjñayā na doṣa iti | etadapyayuktam | yadi hi utpattikriyā pravarteta, tadā vartamānībhūto bhāvo ghaṭākhyāṃ pratilabheta | yadā tu anāgatabhāvāsaṃbandhena kriyāyā apravṛttiḥ, tadā kuto vartamānatā? atha aghaṭāśrayeṇa kriyā prārabhyeta, tadvaktavyam- yo 'sau aghaṭaḥ, sa kiṃ bhaviturmahati paṭaḥ, uta naiva kiṃcit? yadi paṭa utpadyamānaḥ sa kathamutpannaḥ san ghaṭo bhaviṣyatīti atha naivaṃ kiṃcit, kathaṃ tadāśrayā kriyā kriyā pravartate? kathaṃ vā sa utpannaḥ san ghaṭo bhavet? iti sarvathā bhāvitatvakalpanāpyayuktā | tasmādutpadyamānamapyutpādo notpādayatiti siddham || 17 ||

api ca | evaṃ na yujyamānāyāmapyutpadyamānasyotpattau bhavato matamabhyupetyocyate-

atha syāt- utpādasyāpara utpādaḥ utpādakaḥ parikalpyeta, tadā anavasthādoṣaprasaṅga ityāha- anya utpādatyenaṃ yadyutpādo 'navasthitiḥ |

etaccoktam | atha nāsyāpara utpāda iṣyate, nanvevaṃ sati vinā utpādena utpāda utpadyate ityevaṃ prāpnoti | tataśca utpādotpādyānāmapi padārthānāṃ vinaivotpādena utpattirastu bhāvatvādutpādavaditi pratipādayannāha-

api ca | utpāda ātmānaṃ parāṃścotpādayatītyatra pakṣe dūṣaṇameva na vaktavyamadhunāsmābhiḥ | yasmādatra pakṣe dūṣaṇam-

naivāsato naiva sataḥ pratyayo 'rthasya yujyate |

iti

na sannāsanna sadasan dharmo nirvartate yadā |

ityādinā utpādo niṣiddha eva pūrvam | tataścaivamutpāde niṣiddhe utpadyamānamutpāda utpādayati, svaparātmānau vā utpādayatītyasyāḥ kalpanāyā nāstyevāvatāra iti kuta etatprasetsyati- utpāda utpadyate, utpadyamānamutpadyate, svaparātmānau cotpādayatīti || 20 ||

kiṃ cānyat- ihāyamutpādaḥ parikalpyamānaḥ nirudhyamānasya anityatānugatasya vartamānasya vā bhāvasya parikalpyate, anirudhyamānasya vā atītānāgatasyānityatāvirahitasya? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha-

tatra nirudhyamānasya vartamānasya vidyamānatvādutpādo nopapadyate | anirudhyamānasyāpi vināśarahitasya atītānāgatasya bhāvalakṣaṇavilakṣaṇasya khapuṣpasyeva nāstyutpāda iti || 21 ||

evaṃ bhāvānāmutpādābhāvaṃ pratipādya ataḥ paraṃ sthitirvicāryate ||

atrāha- vidyata eva bhāvānāmutpādaḥ, tadbhāvabhāvidharmasadbhāvāt | nānutpannasya sthiti saṃbhavatītyutpādabhāvena sthiterbhāvāt | sthitirutpādabhāvabhāvinī bhavati | tasmādutpādo 'pyasti, tadbhāvabhāvidharmasadbhāvāt | iha yannāsti, na tadbhāvabhāvidharmasadbhāvaḥ, tadyathā gaganakusumasaurabhyasyeti ucyate | syādutpādaḥ, yadi tadbhāvabhāvinī sthitireva syāt | na tvasti | tadevam-

tatra sthitaṃ na tiṣṭhati tatra sthitikriyānirodhāt | asthitabhāvo 'pi na tiṣṭhati sthitirahitatvāt | tiṣṭhamānamapi na tiṣṭhati sthitidvayaprasaṅgāt, sthitāsthitavyatiriktasaṃtiṣṭhamānābhāvācca api ca |

ko 'nutpannaśca tiṣṭhati |

api ca | iyaṃ sthitirnirudhyamānasya bhāvasya syādanirudhyamānasya vā? ubhayathā ca na yujyate iti pratipādayannāha-

nirudhyamānasya nirodhābhimukhasya tāvadbhāvasya virodhinī sthitirna saṃbhavati | yaścāpyanirudhyamānaḥ sa bhāva eva na bhavati, kutastasya sthitirbhaviṣyati || 23 ||

api ca | jarasā maraṇena ca sarva eva bhāvāḥ kṣaṇamapi na tyajyante | yadā caitadevam tadā jarāmaraṇavirodhinyāḥ sthiterbhāveṣu pravṛttyavakāśa eva nāstīti pratipādayannāha-

yadi ca, asyāḥ sthiteranyā vā sthitiḥ sthityarthaṃ parikalpyeta, svayaṃ vā svātmānaṃ sthāpayet | ubhayathā ca na yujyate ityāha-

'anutpanno 'yamutpādaḥ svātmānaṃ janayetkatham |'; ityādinā yathā utpāda ātmānaṃ na janayati ityuktam, evaṃ sthitirapi nātmānaṃ sthāpayatīti vaktavyam |

iti yojyam | yathā ca-

anya utpādayatyenaṃ yadyutpādo 'navasthitiḥ |

ityutpāde vyākhyātam, evaṃ sthitāvapi vyākhyeyam-

athānyā sthāpayatyenāṃ sthitiryadyanavasthitiḥ |

iti | evaṃ sthitirapi na yuktā | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā-

na sthitirnāpi co jātirlokanāthena deśitā lokanāthaṃ viditvaivaṃ samādhiṃ tena jānathā || iti ||

uktaṃ ca āryasacaryagāthāsu-

yāvat-

sthānammayānu ayu thānu jinena ukto ||

atrāha- vidyete eva sthityutpādau tatsahacāridharmasadbhāvāt | iha utpādasthitilakṣaṇasahacāriṇī saṃskṛtānāmanityatāsti | tasmātsthityutpādāvapi staḥ iti | ucyate | syāta sthityutpādau, yadi anityataiva syāt | na tvasti | kathamiti? yasmāt-

yadi anityateti kācitsyāt, sā niruddhasya bhāvasya aniruddhasya vā nirudhyamānasya vā syāt | tatra niruddhaṃ nirudhyate iti na yuktam, atītavartamānayorvirodhāt | aniruddhamapi na yuktam, nirodhavirahitatvāt, yadaniruddhameva tatkathaṃ nirudhyata iti parasparavirodhācca | tathāpi nirudhyamānaṃ na nirudhyate ityanena saṃbandhaḥ | nirudhyamānamapi na nirudhyate nirudhyamānābhāvāt, (Pp_70) nirodhadvayaprasaṅgācca | yataścaivaṃ triṣvapi kāleṣu nirodhāsaṃbhavaḥ, tasmānnāstyeva nirodha iti kutastatsahacāristhityutpādasaṃbhavaḥ syāt? api ca | prāgutpādapratiṣedhādasaṃbhava eva nirodhasyetyāha-

kimajātaṃ nirudhyate |

api ca | ayaṃ nirodhaḥ sthitasya vā bhāvasya syādasthitasya vā? ubhayathā ca na yujyate ityāha-

sthitasya tāvadbhāvasya nirodho nopapadyate |

sthitasya nirodhaviruddhasya nāsti nirodhaḥ |

kiṃ cānyat | yadi iha nirodhaḥ syāt, sa tayaivāvasthayā tasyā evāvasthāyāḥ syādanyayā vā anyasyā avasthāyāḥ syāt | sarvathā ca nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha-

tayaiva tāvatkṣīrāvasthayā saiva kṣīrāvasthā na nirudhyate, svātmani kriyāvirodhāt | nāpyanyayā dadhyavasthayā kṣīrāvasthā nirudhyate | yadi hi kṣīradadhyavasthayoryaugapadyaṃ syāt, syāttayorvināśyavināśakabhāvaḥ | na tu dadhyavasthāyāṃ kṣīrāvasthā asti | yadā ca nāsti, tadā kāmasatī vināśayet? yadi vināśayet, kharaviṣāṇatīkṣṇatāmapi vināśayet | tasmādanyayāpyavasthayā naivānyāvasthā nirudhyate || 28 ||

atrāha- yadyapi tayaivāvasthayā saivāvasthyā, anyayā vā avasthayā anyāvasthā na nirudhyate, tathāpi kṣīrāvasthāyāstāvannirodho 'sti, tataśca utpādo 'pi syāditi | ucyate | aho bata atijaḍatāmātmano bhavān prakaṭayati | nanu ca pūrvoktena nyāyena

yadaivaṃ sarvadharmāṇāmutpādo nopapadyate |

ityuktam,

api ca | nirodho nāma yadi kaścit syāt, sa sato vā bhāvasya syādasato vā | tatra-

sataśca tāvadbhāvasya nirodho nopapadyate |

svabhāvādapracyutasya bhāvasya nirodho na yuktaḥ | yasmāt-

nirodho hi nāma abhāvaḥ | sa yasya bhavati, sa naiva bhavati | tataśca sato bhāvasya nirodha iti bruvatā bhāvābhāvayorekādhikaraṇatā abhyupagatā bhavati | ekatve sati ubhayaṃ na yujyate | yadi tadānīṃ bhāvaḥ syāt, tadā nirodhenābhāvenāveśādbhāvavyapadeśo 'yuktaḥ | atha abhāvaḥ, so 'pyasya na yujyate, abhāvavirodhinā bhāvarūpeṇāviyogāt | tasmādekatve sati bhāvābhāvayoḥ sa padārtho naiva bhāvo nāpyabhāva iti yujyate | athavā, parasparaviruddhatvādālokāndhakāravadekatve sati na hi bhāvaśca nābhāvaścopapadyate | evaṃ tāvatsato bhāvasya nirodho na yuktaḥ || 30 ||

idānīm-

asato 'pi na bhāvasya nirodha upapadyate |

avidyamānasyābhāvasya na vināśo 'sti vandhyātanayasyeva, avidyamānatvāt | ata evāha-

prasiddhāsattvasyaiva narāṇāṃ dvitīyasya śiraso dṛṣṭāntatvenopādānānnirdeśāpūrṇatvānnāstīti nopāttam | tadevamasato bhāvasya nirodho na saṃbhavati, sato 'pi na | yaścobhayathāpi na saṃbhavati, sa kenātmanā sthitaḥ? nāstyeva nirodha iti pratīyatām || 31 ||

kiṃ cānyat | yadi nirodho nāma bhāvānāṃ nirodhaka iti kalpyate, tasyedānīṃ kimanyo nirodha iṣyate, uta na? yadi iṣyate tanna yujyate |

na svātmanā nirodho 'sti nirodho na parātmanā |

kathaṃ punarnāstīti pratipādayannāha-

tatra yathā-

anutpanno 'yamutpādaḥ svātmānaṃ janayetkatham |

ityādinā utpādaḥ svātmānaṃ notpādayati, evaṃ nirodho 'pi svātmānaṃ na nirodhayati | kathamiti? ucyate-

iti samamutpādena vaktavyam | evaṃ ca svātmanā na nirodho 'sti | nirodha idānīṃ parātmanāpi nāsti | katham? tatra yathā utpāde gaditam- 'anya utpādayatyenam'; ityādi, evaṃ nirodhe 'pi vaktavyam-

iti | tadevaṃ parātmanāpi nirodho na saṃbhavatīti nāsti nirodhasya nirodhaḥ ||

atha manyase- nāstyeva nirodhasya nirodha iti, tadayuktam | yadi hi nirodhasya nirodho na syāta, tadā nirodharahitatvātsaṃskṛtalakṣaṇamavahīyate | tadevaṃ yadi vināśasya vināśaḥ parikalpyate tathāpi na yukto vināśaḥ | atha na parikalpyate, tathāpi na yukta iti | kathaṃ tvidānīṃ vināśo yokṣyate parasya? atha syāt- tathāpi evameva vicāre sati vināśo bhavato 'pi na yujyate, tataḥ ya ubhayordoṣaḥ, na tenaikaścodyo bhavatīti | ucyate | naivedaṃ codyaṃ mamāpatati | kiṃ kāraṇam? ye svātmanā niḥsvabhāvā bhāvāḥ, te ca niḥsvabhāvā eva santo bālānāmidaṃsatyābhiniveśināṃ vyavahārapathamupayānti avicāraprasiddhenaiva nyāyeneti teṣu nāsti yathoditavicārāvatāro 'smākam māyāsvapnagandharvanagarādivattu laukikāḥ padārthā nirupapattikā eva santaḥ sarvalokasyāvidyātimiropahatamatinayanasya prasiddhimupagatā iti parasparāpekṣayaiva kevalaṃ prasiddhimupagatā bālairabhyupagamyante | yathoktaṃ śatake-

tasmātsati utpāde utpādyam, sati utpādye utpādaḥ | sati nirodhe nirodhyam, sati nirodhye nirodhaḥ, ityevaṃ laukikasya vyavahārasyābhyupagamātkuto 'smatpakṣe samaprasaṅgitā bhavitumarhati |

yastu vināśasya ahetukatvamabhyupetya kṣaṇikatāṃ saṃskārāṇāmāha, tasya nirhetukatvāt | khapuṣpavadvināśābhāvāt kutaḥ kṣaṇikatvaṃ bhāvānāṃ setsyati, kuto vināśarahitānāṃ saṃskṛtatvamapīti sarvameva asamañjasaṃ tasya jāyate | jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ saṃskṛtalakṣaṇānāṃ ca saṃskāraskandhāntarbhāva varṇayatā bhagavatā nanu sahetukatvaṃ spaṣṭamādarśitaṃ vināśasya | jātimātrāpekṣatvāccāsya kṣaṇabhaṅgo 'pi sukhasādhya iti sarvaṃ susthaṃ jāyate ||

atha syāt- vināśo hi nāma abhāvaḥ, yaśca abhāvaḥ, kiṃ tasya hetunā kartavyam | ato nirhetuko vināśa iti | nanu ca bhāve 'pi hetvabhāvaprasaṅgo bhavati | bhāvo hi nāma vidyamānaḥ, yaśca vidyamānaḥ tasya ca kiṃ hetunā prayojanam? na hi jātaṃ punarapi janyate | tasmātsarvatraiva hetvabhāvaprasaṅgādayuktametat ||

api ca | yathā utpādaḥ sahetukaḥ pūrvamabhāvātpaścācca bhāvāt, evaṃ vināśo 'pīṣyatām | vināśo hi na sarvadā bhavati, utpādātpūrvamabhāvātpaścācca bhāvāt | yaccocyate- yaścābhāvaḥ tasya (Pp_73) kiṃ hetunā kartavyamiti, tadayuktam | yasmānna vayaṃ vināśasya hetunā kiṃcitkriyamāṇamicchāmaḥ, kiṃ tarhi vināśa eva kriyate iti varṇayāmaḥ | nanvevaṃ sati kriyamāṇatvādvināśo 'pi bhāvaḥ prāpnotīti cet, iṣyata evaitat | vināśo hi svarūpāpekṣayā bhāvaḥ, rūpādidharmanivṛttisvabhāvatvāttu na bhāvaḥ | api ca | maraṇamapi dvividhakāryapratyupasthāpanaṃ saṃskāravidhvaṃsanaṃ ca karoti | aparijñānānupacchedaṃ (?) cetyāgamāt kathaṃ na sahetuko vināśaḥ? api ca | kalpitābhāvalakṣaṇāyāśca śūnyatāyāḥ pareṇa bhāvarūpatāmabhyupagacchatā kathamabhāvasya bhāvatvaṃ nābhyupagataṃ bhavati? bhāvatvācca kathamasaṃskṛtatvaṃ śūnyatāyāḥ syāt? ataḥ sarvamabhyupetaṃ vihīyate bhavatā | ata eva vakṣyati-

ityalaṃ prasaṅgena | prakṛtameva vyākhyāsyāmaḥ || 32 ||

atrāha- yadi utpādasthitibhaṅgāḥ saṃskṛtasya niṣiddhāḥ, tathāpi saṃskṛtamasti viśeṣalakṣaṇayuktam | tathāhi kāṭhinyādikaṃ sāsnādikaṃ ca tasya viśeṣalakṣaṇamupadiśyate | tasmātsaṃskṛtasya sadbhāvāttallakṣaṇamapyastīti | ucyate | syādevaṃ yadi saṃskṛtameva vastu syāt | kutaḥ? yasmāt-

utpādasthitibhaṅgānāmasiddhernāsti saṃskṛtam |

yadā yathoktena nyāyena utpādasthitibhaṅgā eva niṣiddhāḥ, tadā kutaḥ saṃskṛtaṃ vastu tadviśeṣalakṣaṇamapyastīti ||

atrāha- vidyata eva saṃskṛtam, tatpratipakṣāsaṃskṛtasadbhāvāt | ucyate | syādetadevam, yadi asaṃskṛtameva syāt | yasmāt-

atraike ākāśāpratisaṃkhyānirodhanirvāṇānyasaṃskṛtānīti kalpayanti | apare śūnyatāṃ tathatālakṣaṇāmasaṃskṛtāṃ parikalpayanti | tadetatsarvaṃ saṃskṛtasyāprasiddhau satyāṃ nāstyeveti spaṣṭamādarśitam || 33 ||

atrāha- yadi utpādasthitibhaṅgā na santītyavadhāritam, yattarhi idamanāvaraṇajñāninā muninā-

"saṃskṛtasya bhikṣavaḥ utpādo 'pi prajñāyate, vyayo 'pi, sthityanyathātvamapi"

ityudāhṛtam, tatkathaṃ veditavyamiti? ucyate-

yathā māyādayaḥ svabhāvenānutpannā avidyamānā māyādiśabdavācyā māyādivijñānagamyāśca lokasya, evamete 'pi lokaprasiddhimātreṇa utpādādayaḥ svabhāvena avidyamānā api bhagavatā tathāvidhavineyajanānugrahacikīrṣuṇā nirdiṣṭā iti | ata evoktam-

nityamarakta aduṣṭa amūḍhāḥ tasya sabhāvasamāhitacittā | eṣa samādhibalī balavanto yo imu jānati śūnyakadharmān || iti || 34 ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacittāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau saṃskṛtaparīkṣā nāma saptamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

8

karmakārakaparīkṣā aṣṭamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyanta eva saṃskṛtasvabhāvato vijñānādayaḥ saṃskṛtā dharmāḥ, taddhetukakarmakārakasadbhāvāt | uktaṃ hi bhagavatā-

avidyānugato 'yaṃ bhikṣavaḥ puruṣapudgalaḥ puṇyānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti, apuṇyānapi, āniñjayānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti |

ityādinā karmaṇāṃ kārako vyapadiṣṭaḥ, tatkarmaphalaṃ ca vijñānādikamupadiṣṭam | yasya ca kārako 'sti, tadasti, tadyathā ghaṭaḥ | yannāsti, na tasya kārakaḥ, tadyathā kūrmaromaprāvārasyeti | ucyate | syādvijñānādikaṃ saṃskṛtaṃ yadi tasya niṣpādakakarmakārakau syātām | na tu staḥ | yasmāt-

tatra karotīti kārakaḥ kartā | kurvāṇasyaiva kiṃcit kārakavyapadeśo nākurvāṇasya | tacca karaṇaṃ sadbhūtasya vā kartuḥ parikalpyeta, asadbhūtasya vā, sadasadbhūtasya vā? kriyate iti karma karturīpsitatamam | tadapi trividham, sadbhūtamasadbhūtaṃ sadasadbhūtaṃ ca | tatra sadbhūtaḥ kārakaḥ kriyāyuktaḥ sadbhūtaṃ kriyāyuktaṃ karma na karotītyekā pratijñā | idānīmasadbhūto 'pi kriyākārakarahito 'sadbhutaṃ kriyārahitaṃ karma na karotītyaparā pratijñā || 1 ||

tatrādyāṃ prasādhayitumāha-

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti karma ca syādakartṛkam |

kriyānibandhanatvātkārakavyapadeśasya, karoti kriyāyukta eva kaścitsadbhūtaḥ kārakavyapadeśaṃ labhate, tataśca tasyaivaṃvidhasya kriyāhetukalabdhakārakavyapadeśasya aparā kriyā nāsti yayā karma kuryāt | kriyābhāvācca yadā kārakaḥ karma na karoti, tadā kārakanirapekṣamakartṛkaṃ karma syāt | na cākartṛkaṃ karma saṃbhavati bandhyāsūnoriva ghaṭakaraṇamiti | evaṃ tāvat

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti karma ca syādakartṛkam |

iti doṣaprasaṅgāt sadbhūtaḥ kārakaḥ karma na karoti |

idānīṃ sadbhūtamapi karma kārako na karotīti pratipādayannāha-

sadbhūtaṃ nāma karma kriyāyuktam | tasyedānīṃ kriyānibandhanalabdhakarmavyapadeśasya aparā kriyā nāsti yayā karma kriyeteti | evaṃ tāvatsadbhūtasya karmaṇaḥ kriyā nāsti | yadā nāsti parā kriyā, tadā kārakastatsadbhūtaṃ karma naiva karoti | yadā ca na karoti karmaṇo dvitīyakriyābhāvāt, tadā (Pp_76) akarmaka eva avidyamānakarmaka eva tasya karmaṇaḥ kārakaḥ syāt | na caitadyaktam | na hi akṛtānantaryakarmaṇaḥ ānantaryakarmakārakatvaṃ dṛṣṭamiti || 2 ||

evaṃ sadbhūtaḥ kārakaḥ sadbhūtaṃ karma na karoti iti saṃsādhya idānīṃ yathā asadbhūtamapi karma asadbhūtaḥ kārako na karoti tathā pratipādayannāha-

asadbhūtaḥ kārako yaḥ kriyārahitaḥ | kriyā ca kārakavyapadeśe heturiti kriyārahita kārako 'pi nirhetukaḥ syāt | karmāpyasadbhūtaṃ nirhetukaṃ syāt || 3 ||

sati ca ahetukavādābhyupagame kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca sarvamapoditaṃ syādityāha-

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate |

satyeva hi hetorabhyupagame hetunā yanniṣpādyate tat kāryam, tasya ca yo niṣpādakaḥ tatkāraṇamiti yujyate | tadyathā ghaṭasya mṛd hetuḥ, ghaṭaḥ kāryam, tasya ca cakrādayaḥ sahakārikāraṇam | ahetukavādābhyupagame tu hetvanapekṣatvānmaṇḍūkajaṭāśiromaṇimayaghaṭavanna syādayaṃ ghaṭaḥ | asati ghaṭe kutastatkāraṇamiti | evam-

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate |

tataśca-

tadabhāve kāryakāraṇabhāve, kiṃ kurvāṇasya kriyā saṃbhavet, kasyāṃ vā kriyāyāṃ kumbhakārasya svātantryātkartṛtvaṃ syāt? na cāpi mṛdāṃ tādātmyapravṛttyā sādhakatamatvena karaṇatvaṃ yujyata iti evaṃ tāvat-

tadabhāve kriyā kartā karaṇaṃ ca na vidyate ||

tataśca-

dharmādharmau na vidyete kriyādīnāmasaṃbhave |

iha yadā devadattaḥ prāṇātipātaviratikriyāsvātantryātkartā san svatantrakāryeṇa karaṇabhūtena prāṇātipātaviratikriyāṃ karoti, tadāsya dharma upajāyate | evaṃ daśasvapi kuśaleṣu karmapatheṣu kuśalakriyāniṣpādyeṣu ratnatrayamātāpitṛtadanyapūjyapūjādilakṣaṇeṣu ca kuśaladharmaprārambheṣu yojyam | evamadharme 'pi prāṇātipātādilakṣaṇe kuśalaviparyayeṇa kriyākartṛkaraṇānāmabhāve sati karmaṇāmabhāvaprasaṅga udbhāvanīyaḥ ||

yadā caivaṃ dharmādharmau na saṃbhavataḥ, tadā tatphalamapi nāstyeveti pratipādayannāha-

tataśca-

phale 'sati na mokṣāya na svargāyopapadyate | mārgaḥ

yadi hi phalamiṣṭāniṣṭaṃ syāta, syāllaukikasya mārgasya dhyānārūpyasamādhisamāpattilakṣaṇaṃ svargaḥ, tadānīṃ tadarthaṃ laukikamārgabhāvanā jyāyasī syāt, kugatigamanakarmapathaviratisāphalyaṃ ca syāt | yadi ca mokṣalakṣaṇaṃ nirvāṇaṃ phalaṃ syāt, tadartha lokottarāryāṣṭāṅgamārgabhāvanāsāphalyaṃ syāt | yadā tu phalaṃ nāsti, tadā-

phale 'sati na mokṣāya na svargāyopapadyate | mārgaḥ |

kiṃ ca | evaṃ phalābhāve sati-

yā api hyetāḥ kṛṣivāṇijyabala (bhṛti?) gatādikāḥ kriyāḥ phalārtha prārabhyante, tā api sarvāḥ phalābhāve sati nopapadyanta iti | evaṃ sarvakriyāṇāṃ nairarthakyaṃ prasajyate bhavatām | na cāsāṃ nairarthakyam | tasmānniravaśeṣadoṣaviṣavṛkṣākarabhūto 'yaṃ svargāpavargāpavādī narakādimahāpāyaprapātavartanahetuḥ dṛṣṭādṛṣṭahetupadārthavirodhīti kṛtvā, saddhiḥ asadbhūtaḥ kārako 'sadbhūtaṃ karma karotīti pakṣo nikṛṣṭa eveti tyājyaḥ || 6 ||

tadevaṃ pratijñādvayaṃ saṃsādhya idānīmubhayarūpaḥ kārakaḥ, ubhayarūpamapi karma na karotītyāha-

kārakaḥ sadasadbhūtaḥ sadasatkurute na tat |

tatra yadetadasadbhūtaṃ karma kriyāyuktamakriyāyuktaṃ ca, tat sadasadbhūtaḥ kārako na karotīti | yasmāt-

ekaḥ padārthaḥ ekasmin kāle kriyāyuktaścākriyāyuktaśceti na yujyata evaitat | tataśca sadasadbhūto 'pi kārakaḥ sadasadbhūtaṃ karma na karoti, avidyamānatvādityabhiprāyaḥ || 7 ||

evaṃ same pakṣe dūṣaṇamudbhāvya viṣamapakṣasyāpi nirācikīrṣayā āha-

satā ca kriyate nāsannāsatā kriyate ca sat | kartrā

satā sadbhūtena tāvatkartrā kriyāyuktena asadbhūtamasadakriyāyuktaṃ karma na kriyate | yasmāt-

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti karma ca syādakartṛkam |

ityevaṃ tāvat sadbhūtaḥ kārakaḥ karma na karoti, nāpyasadbhūtaṃ karma kriyate | asadbhūtaṃ hi karma ahetukaṃ bhavet | tataśca-

hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca na vidyate ||

ityādinā sarvaṃ dūṣaṇamāpadyate | tasmātpūrvoktaireva hetubhirdūṣitatvādasya viṣamapakṣasya na punarhetorupādānamanuṣṭhīyate | yathā caitat satā kartrā asatkarma na kriyate iti pratipāditam, evamasatā kartrā akriyāyuktena satkarma na kriyate iti vyākhyeyamuktapathānusāreṇa || 8 ||

evaṃ tāvadviṣamapakṣe ekaikapadaparāmarśena dūṣaṇamabhidhāya idānīmekaikasya padasya padadvaya parāmarśena dūṣaṇābhidhānamāha-

sa kārakaḥ sadbhūtaḥ asadbhūtaṃ karma sadasadbhūtameva vā na karotīti | kathamityāha- pūrvoktaireva hetubhiriti | tatra 'sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti'; ityādinā sadbhūtaḥ kārako na karoti | asadbhūtamapi karma na kriyate 'ahetukaṃ bhavetkarma'; 'hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca'; ityādinā vihitadoṣāt | sadasadbhūtamapi karma na kriyate-

parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikataḥ kutaḥ

iti vacanāt | evaṃ tāvatsadbhūtaḥ kārako 'sadbhūtaṃ sadasadbhutaṃ ca karma na karoti || 9 ||

idānīmasadbhūto 'pi kārakaḥ sadbhūtaṃ karma sadasadbhūtaṃ ca karma na karotītyāha-

asadbhūtaḥ kārako nirhetuko bhavet | 'hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca'; ityādinā uktadoṣādasadbhūtaḥ kārako na karoti |

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti kartā ca syādakarmakaḥ |

iti prasaṅgāt sadbhūtaṃ karma na kriyate | sadasadbhūtamapi karma na kriyate,

parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikataḥ kutaḥ |

idānīṃ sadasadbhūto 'pi kārakaḥ ekaika evobhayarūpaḥ san yathā sadbhūtamasadbhūtaṃ ca bhinnasaṃketaṃ karma na karoti tathā pratipādayannāha-

parasparaviruddhaṃ hi saccāsaccaikataḥ kutaḥ |

iti vacanātsadasadbhūtaḥ kārako na karoti |

sadbhūtasya kriyā nāsti kartā ca syādakarmakaḥ |

iti prasaṅgātsadbhūtaṃ karma na kriyate | asadbhūtamapi karma ahetukaṃ 'hetāvasati kārya ca'; ityādinoktadoṣānna kriyate | yataścaivaṃ samapakṣeṣu viṣamapakṣeṣu ca kartuḥ karmaṇaśca sarvathā siddhirayuktā, tasmādyaduktaṃ vidyanta eva vijñānādayaḥ saṃskṛtā dharmāḥ saṃskṛtasvabhāvāḥ taddhetukakarmakārakasadbhāvāditi, tadayuktam ||

atrāha- kimavadhāritametadbhavatā na santi bhāvā iti? na hi | bhavatastu sasvabhāvavādinaḥ svabhāvasya bhāvānāṃ vaidhuryātsarvabhāvāpavādaḥ saṃbhāvyate | vayaṃ tu pratītyotpannatvātsarvabhāvānāṃ svabhāvamevanopalabhāmahe, tatkasyāpavādaṃ kariṣyāmaḥ? yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām-

ajñānakalpitaṃ pūrvaṃ paścāttatvārthanirṇaye | yadā na labhate bhāvamevābhāvastadā kuha || iti || 11 ||

tadevaṃ niḥsvabhāvānāṃ sarvabhāvānāṃ kuto yathoktaprakārasiddhiḥ? tasmāllaukikaṃ viparyāsamabhyupetya sāṃvṛtānāṃ padārthānāṃ marīcikājalakalpānāmidaṃpratyayatāmātrābhyupagamenaiva prasiddhirnānyenetyāha-

iha akurvāṇasya karmanirapekṣasya kārakatvābhāvāt karmāpekṣya kārakasya kārakatvaṃ bhavati | kārakeṇa cākriyamāṇasya kasyacitkarmatvābhāvāt kriyamāṇasyaiva karmavyapadeśāt, taṃ kārakaṃ pratītya karma pravartate ityevaṃ karmakārakayoḥ parasparāpekṣikīṃ siddhiṃ muktvā nānyatsiddhikāraṇaṃ paśyāmaḥ || 12 ||

yathā ca karmakārakayoḥ parasparāpekṣikī siddhiḥ, evamanyeṣāmapi bhāvānāmityatidiśannāha-

evaṃ vidyādupādānaṃ vyutsargāditi karmaṇaḥ | kartuśca

evamityanena anantarāṃ karmakārakaprajñaptiṃ darśayati | upāttirupādānam | anena copāttikriyāmāha | sā ca svasādhanaṃ kartāramupādātāraṃ karma copādānaṃ saṃnidhāpayati | tayośca upādeyopādātroḥ parasparāpekṣayoḥ karmakārakavadeva siddhirna svābhāvikī | kasmātpunaḥ svābhāvikī na bhavati ityāha- vyutsargāditi karmaṇaḥ, kartuśceti | itiśabdo hetuparāmarśī | vyutsargo vyudāsaḥ | tataśca ayamartha upapadyate- yaireva hetubhiḥ karmaṇaśca vyutsargo 'smābhiruktaḥ, taireva hetubhiḥ upādātā upādeyaṃ ca pratiṣiddhaṃ veditavyam | na ca kevalamanayoranyonyāpekṣikī siddhiḥ katurśca karmaṇaśca pratiṣedhenāvaseyā, api ca

prājña iti vākyaśeṣaḥ | karmakārakopādeyopādātṛvyatiriktā ye 'nye bhāvā janyajanakagantṛgamanadraṣṭavyadarśanalakṣyalakṣaṇotpādyotpādakāḥ, tathā avayavāvayaviguṇaguṇipramāṇaprameyādayo niravaśeṣā bhāvāḥ, teṣāṃ kartṛkarmavicāreṇa svabhāvato 'stitvaṃ pratiṣidhya parasparāpekṣikīmeva siddhi prājño nirmumukṣurjātijarāmaraṇādibandhanebhyo mokṣāya vibhāvayet ||

eṣāṃ ca vistareṇa vicāro madhyamakāvatārādibhyo 'vaseyaḥ ||

nanu ca śeṣān bhāvān vibhāvayedityanenaiva upādānopādānnoradhigatatvādupādānopādānaṃ punarayuktam | satyametat | tathāpi tattvavicāre prādhānyajñāpanārthamupādānopādātrobhedenopādānam, tathā hi uttareṣu prakaraṇeṣu bhūyasā anayoreva vicāro bhaviṣyatīti | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryopāliparipṛcchāyām-

kalpavaśena vikalpitu lokaḥ saṃjñagaheṇa vikalpitu bālaḥ | so ca gaho agaho asabhūto māyamarīcisamā hi vikalpāḥ || iti || 13 ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau karmakārakaparīkṣā nāma aṣṭamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

9

pūrvaparīkṣā navamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- yaduktam- 'evaṃ vidyādupādānaṃ vyutsargāditi karmaṇaḥ | kartuśca'; iti, tadayuktam | yasmāt-

kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt-

iha vidyamāna eva devadatto dhanopādānaṃ kurute nāvidyamāno vandhyātanayaḥ | evaṃ yadi tāvatpudgalo darśanādibhyaḥ pūrvaṃ vyavasthito na syāt, nāsau darśanādikasyopādānamakariṣyat | tasmādasti asau dhanātprāgeva sthitadevadattavat darśanādibhyaḥ pūrvaṃ pudgalo yo 'sya upādānaṃ kariṣyatīti || 2 ||

ucyate-

yau 'sau pudgalo darśanādibhyaḥ pūrvamastīti vyavasthāpyate, sa kena prajñapyatām? pudgalaprajñapterhi darśanādikaṃ kāraṇam | sa yadi tebhyaḥ prāgvyavasthito 'stīti kalpyate, tadā darśananirapekṣaḥ syād ghaṭādiva paṭaḥ | yaśca svakāraṇanirapekṣaḥ sa nirhetuko dhanādinirapekṣaḥ dhanikavannāstītyabhiprāyaḥ || 3 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

yadi manyase- darśanādibhyaḥ pūrvaṃ pudgalo nāmāsti, sa darśanādikamupādānamupādatte iti | nanvevaṃ sati nirastasaṃśayamamūnyapi darśanādīni vinā pudgalena bhaviṣyanti | tathāhi devadatto dhanasaṃbandhātpūrvaṃ dhanavyatirikto vyavasthitaḥ san arthāntarabhūtameva pṛthaksiddhaṃ dhanamupādatte | evamupādāturapi svātmavyatirekeṇārthāntarabhūtaṃ darśanādikamupādānaṃ syāt || 4 ||

iha bījākhyena kāraṇena kiṃcitkāryamabhivyajyate 'ṅkurākhyam, tena ca kāryeṇa kiṃcit kāraṇamabhivyajyate bījākhyam- asyedaṃ kāraṇamidamasya kāryamiti | evaṃ yadi kenaciddarśanādikenopādānena kaścidātmasvabhāvo 'bhivyajyate asyāyamupādāteti, kenaciccātmanā kiṃcidupādānaṃ darśanādikamabhivyajyate idamasyopādānamiti, tadānīṃ syātparasparāpekṣayorupādānopādātroḥ siddhiḥ yadā tu upādātāraṃ vinā pṛthak siddhaṃ darśanādikamabhyupagamyate, tadā tannirāśrayamasadeva tasmānnāstyubhayorapi siddhiḥ, iti na yuktametat- darśanādibhyaḥ pṛthagavasthita upādāteti || 5 ||

atrāha- yaduktaṃ darśanaśravaṇādibhya ityādi, atrocyate | yadi sarvebhyo darśanādibhya prāgavasthita ityabhyupagataṃ syāt, syādeṣa doṣaḥ | yadā tu-

sarvebhyo darśanādibhyaḥ kaścitpūrvo na vidyate |

kiṃ tarhi ekaikasmātpūrvo vidyate | yadā caivam, tadā-

ucyate | etadapi na yuktaṃ darśanādirahitasya nirupādānasya nirhetukasya nirañjanasyāstitvāsaṃbhavāt |

sarvebhyo darśanādibhyo yadi pūrvo na vidyate |

iti parikalpyate, evamapi-

yo hi sarvebhyaḥ pūrvo na bhavati, sa ekaikasmādapi na bhavati | tadyathā sarvebhyo vṛkṣebhya prāg vanaṃ nāsti, tadā ekaikasmādapi nāsti | sarvāsāṃ ca sikatānāṃ tailajananābhāve sati ekaikasyā api sikatāyāstailaṃ nāsti | api ca | yo hyekaikasmātpūrvo bhavati, nanu sa sarvebhyo 'pi pūrvaṃ evetyabhyupagataṃ bhavati | ekaikavyatirekeṇa sarvasyābhāvāt | tasmānna yuktamekaikasmātpūrvo vidyata iti || 7 ||

itaśca na yuktam- yasmāt-

draṣṭā sa eva sa śrotā sa eva yadi vedakaḥ |

tadā-

ekaikasmādbhavetpūrvaṃ

na ca yuktaṃ vaktuṃ sa eva draṣṭā sa eva śroteti | yadi syāt, tadā darśanakriyārahitasyāpi śroturdraṣṭṭatvaṃ syāt, śravaṇakriyārahitasyāpi draṣṭuḥ śrotṛtvaṃ syāt | na caivaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ yaddarśanakriyārahito 'pi draṣṭā syāt, śravaṇakriyārahitaśca śroteti | ata evāha-

iti | pratikriyaṃ ca kārakabhedātkuta etadevaṃ bhaviṣyatīti pratipādayannāha- evaṃ caitanna yujyata iti ||

ācāryabuddhapālitastu vyācaṣṭe- ekatve hi ātmanaḥ indriyāntaragamanaprasaṅgaḥ puruṣasya syāt, vātāyanāntaropagamanavaditi | asya ācāryabhāvaviveko dūṣaṇamāha- sarvagatasyātmano nendriyāntaragamanamastītyayuktaḥ prasaṅgadoṣa iti | tadetadayuktaṃ svayūthyaparikalpitapudgalavādanirāsasya prastutatvāt, tasya ca sarvagatatvāpratijñānāt | tasmād yukta eva prasaṅgadoṣa || 8 ||

athāpi yathoktadoṣaparijihīrṣayā-

draṣṭānya eva śrotānyo vedako 'nyaḥ punaryadi |

parikalpyate, tadapi na yuktam | evaṃ hīṣyamāṇe-

tadyathā goranyo 'śvaḥ na hi gavi sati na bhavati yaugapadyena, evaṃ yadi draṣṭuranyaḥ śrotā syāt, sadraṣṭaryapi sati syādyaugapadyena | na caivamiṣyate iti nāstyanyatvam | api ca | evaṃ sati bahava evātmānaḥ prāpnuvanti draṣṭṭaśrotṛvedakādīnāṃ pṛthak pṛthak siddhayupagamāt | tasmādekaikasmādapi darśanādeḥ pūrvaṃ nāsti pudgalo nāma kaścit || 9 ||

atrāha- vidyata eva pūrvaṃ sa sarvebhyo darśanādibhya ātmā | atha matam- yadyasti, kena prajñapyate sa iti yaducyate, iha darśanādibhyaḥ pūrvaṃ nāmarūpāvasthāyāṃ catvāri mahābhūtāni santi yataḥ kramānnāmarūpapratyayaṃ ṣaḍāyatanamiti darśanaśravaṇādīnyutpadyante | tasmāddarśanādibhyaḥ pūrvaṃ caturmahābhūtopādānamevāstīti | evamapi-

yebhyo mahābhūtebhyo darśanādikamutpadyate, teṣvapi mahābhūtopādānanimittako 'pyeṣa na yujyate pūrveṇaiva hetunetyabhiprāyaḥ | tatra yathā pūrvamuktam-

kutaḥ kiṃcidvinā kaścitkiṃcitkaṃcidvinā kutaḥ |

iti, ihāpi tathaiva vaktavyam | mahābhūtopādānādyaścātmā pūrvaṃ siddhaḥ syāt, sa mahābhūtānyupādāya syāt | na caivam, nirhetukatvāt | yaśca nāsti, sa kathaṃ mahābhūtānyupādāsyati? iti darśanopādānavadbhūtopādāne 'pi dūṣaṇamuktameveti na punarucyate || 10 ||

atrāha- yadyapyevamātmā pratiṣiddhaḥ, tathāpi darśanādikamasti, apratiṣedhāt | na ca anātmasvabhāvānāṃ ghaṭādīnāṃ darśanādisaṃbandho 'sti | tasmātsaṃbandhī vidyata evātmeti | ucyate | syādātmā yadi darśanādīnyeva syuḥ | na tu santi | yasya darśanādīnyupādānaṃ sa yadā nāstīti (Pp_84) pratipāditam, tadā tasminnātmani upādātari asati, kuto darśanādīnāmupādānabhūtānāmastitvamityāha-

yasya darśanādīni parikalpyante sa yadā nāstītyuktam, nanu tadaiva darśanādikamapi nāstīti spaṣṭamādarśitaṃ bhavati | tataśca darśanādyabhāvānnāstyevātmeti || 11 ||

atrāha- kiṃ khalu bhavato niścitametannāstyevātmeti? kena etaduktam? nanu ca anantaramevoktaṃ darśanādyabhāvādātmāpi nāstīti | uktametadesmābhiḥ | na tu asyārtho bhavatā samyagniścitaḥ | yato bhāvarūpa ātmeti parikalpitaḥ, sa svabhāvato na vidyate, tasya ca mayā svabhāvābhiniveśanivartakameva vacanamuktamasadviparyāsapratipakṣeṇa, na tu asya abhāvaḥ parikalpitaḥ | dvayaṃ hyetat parityājyaṃ yaśca bhāveṣvabhiniveśaḥ, yaśca abhāveṣu abhiniveśa iti | yathoktamāryadevena-

etadeva pratipādayannāha-

prāk tāvaddarśanādibhya ātmā nāsti, tatra hi tasyāstitvābhāvāt | darśanādisahabhūto 'pi nāsti, pṛthakpṛthagasiddhayoḥ sahabhāvādarśanāt śaśaśṛṅgayoriva | ātmopādānayośca parasparanirapekṣayo pṛthakpṛthagasiddhatvāt sāṃpratamapi nāsti | urdhvamapi | yadi hi pūrvaṃ darśanādīni syuḥ, uttarakālamātmā syāt, tadānīmūrdhvaṃ saṃbhavet | na caivam, akartṛkasya karmaṇo 'siddhatvāt | yaścaivamātmā darśanādibhyaḥ prāk paścād yugapacca parīkṣyamāṇo nāsti, tasya idānīmanupalabdhasvabhāvasya astitvaṃ nāstitvaṃ vā kaḥ parikalpayetprājñaḥ? tasmātkarmakārakavadeva upādānopādātroḥ parasparāpekṣā siddhirna svābhāvikīti sthitam ||

ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryasamādhirājabhaṭṭārake-

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau pūrvaparīkṣā nāma navamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

10 agnīndhanaparīkṣā daśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- yadidamuktaṃ tasmātkarmakārakavadeva upādānopādātrorapi na svābhāvikī siddhiriti, tadayuktam, sāpekṣāṇāmapi padārthānāṃ sasvābhāvyadarśanāt | tathā hi agnirindhanamapekṣya bhavati | na ca niḥsvabhāvo 'gniḥ, tasya auṣṇyadāhakatvādisvabhāvakāryopalambhāt | evamagnimapekṣya indhanaṃ bhavati | na ca tanniḥsvabhāvam, bāhyamahābhūtacatuṣṭayasvabhāvatvāt | evamupādānasāpekṣo 'pyupādātā svabhāvato bhaviṣyati, upādātṛsāpekṣaṃ copādānamityagnīndhanavadetau bhaviṣyata upādānopādātārāviti | ucyate | syādetadevam, yadi agnīndhane eva syātām, na tu staḥ | katham? iha yadi agnīndhane syātām, niyataṃ te ekatvena vā syātāmanyatvena vā? ubhayathā tu na yujyata ityāha-

tatra idhyate yat tadindhanam, dāhyaṃ kāṣṭhādikasaṃbhūtam | tasya dagdhā kartā agniḥ | tatra yadi tāvad yadindhanaṃ sa evāgniriti parikalpyate, tadā kartṛkarmaṇorekatvaṃ syāt | na caivaṃ dṛṣṭam, ghaṭakumbhakārayośchettṛcchettavyayoścaikatvaprasaṅgāt, tasya cānabhyupagamāt | atha anyatvam, evamapi yadi indhanādanyo 'gniḥ syāt, tadā indhananirapekṣasyāgnerupalabdhiḥ syāt | na hi ghaṭādanyaḥ paṭastannirapekṣo na dṛṣṭaḥ | na caivamindhananirapekṣo 'gniriti na yuktametat || 1 ||

api ca | yadi indhanādanyo 'gniḥ syāt, tadānīm-

amumevārthaṃ pratipādayitukāma āha-

iti | tatra pradīpyate taditi pradīpanamindhanam | pradīpanaṃ heturasyeti pradīpanahetuka, na pradīpanahetukaḥ apradīpanahetukaḥ | yadi pradīpanādanyo 'gniḥ syāt, tadā indhananirapekṣaḥ syāt | yo hi yasmādanyaḥ, sa tannirapekṣo dṛṣṭaḥ, ghaṭādiva paṭaḥ | tataśca paratra nirapekṣatvādapradīpanahetukaḥ syāt, pradīpanasāpekṣasya hi agneḥ tadabhāve syānnirvāṇam | yadā tu pradīpananirapekṣa, tadā nirvāṇapratyayavaikalyānnityapradīpta eva bhavet | nityapradīpte cāgnau sati agneraparinirvāṇārthaṃ (Pp_87) cāsya upādānasaṃdhukṣaṇādikaṃ vyarthameva syāt | evaṃ ca sati akarmako 'gniḥ kartā syāt | na ca avidyamānakarmakasya kartṛtvaṃ vandhyāsutasyeva | tasmādindhanādagneranyatvamiti na yujyate || 3 ||

atrāha- yadetaduktam-

anyaścedindhanādagnirindhanādapyṛte bhavet |

iti, tadayuktam | ihānyatve 'pi sati agnīndhanayorna vinaiva indhanena agnerastitvam | yasmājjvālāparigato 'rtho dāhyatvalakṣaṇaḥ indhanam | tadāśrayeṇa ca agnirupalabhyate na pṛthak | yadā caitadevam, agnisaṃbandhādevendhanavyapadeśo bhavati, indhanāśrayeṇa cāgnirupalabhyate na pṛthak, tadā anyaścedindhanādagnirityādidoṣaprasaṅgasya nāstyevāvasara iti | asya pakṣasyāṣyayuktatāmudbhāvayannāha-

yadi manyase jvālāparigato 'rtho dāhyalakṣaṇaḥ indhanam, tadāśrayaścāgniriti, evamapi parikalpyamāne indhanamagnirdahatīti nopapadyate | yasmāt

kenedhyatāmindhanaṃ tattāvanmātramidaṃ yadā |

ihendhanamagnirdahatīti parikalpyamāne jvālāparigataṃ dāhyamindhanamiti, na caitadvayatirekeṇāparamagniṃ paśyāmo yenendhanaṃ dahyeta | yasmādetāvanmātramidamupalabhyate yaduta jvālāparigataṃ dāhyamātram | yadā caitadvayatirikto nāstyagniḥ, tadā kena tadindhanaṃ dāhyatām? tāvanmātramidaṃ yadā, idhyamānamātramidaṃ yadetyarthaḥ | tasmānnāgnirindhanaṃ dahati tadvayatiriktāgnyabhāvāt | yadā caivam, tadā kutaḥ kasyacijjvālāparigatiriti sa eva doṣo na vepate || 4 ||

api ca | anyatvābhyupagame 'gnīndhanayoridhyamānavyapadeśābhāvātkuta idhyamānamindhanam, kuto vā indhanamagnirdhakṣyatīti pratipādayannāha-

yadi indhanādanyo 'gniḥ syāt, so 'nyatvādandhakāramivendhanaṃ na prāpnuyāt | na ca dhakṣyati aprāptatvādviprakṛṣṭadeśāvasthitamivetyabhiprāyaḥ | evaṃ ca idhyamānamindhanaṃ bhavatīti nopapannameva | tataśca agnernirvāṇaṃ na syāt | anirvāṇaśca svaliṅgavāneva sthāsyati, pradīpta ityarthaḥ | vāśabdo 'vadhāraṇe draṣṭavyo vikalpārtho vā | svaliṅgavāneva agniḥ sthāsyati, yadi vā nāstyanyatvamagnerindhanāditi | samuccaye vā | anyo na prāpsyati na dhakṣyati na ca nirvāsyati svaliṅgavāṃśca sthāsyati | tasmādayuktamindhanādanyatvamagneḥ || 5 ||

atrāha- ayuktamagnīndhanayoranyatvam, yasmānna prāpsyate 'prāpto na dhakṣyatyadahan punarityādi, tadayuktam | dṛṣṭā hi anyatve strīpuruṣayoḥ prāptiḥ, evamagnīndhanayorapi bhaviṣyatīti | ucyate-

na tvastītyāha-

na tvevaṃ saṃbhavati yadindhananirapekṣo 'gniḥ syāt, agninirapekṣaṃ cendhanamiti | tasmād dṛṣṭāntavaiyarthyam | anyonyāpekṣādhīnajanmanāṃ satyanyatve yeṣāṃ prāptiḥ siddhā, teṣāmeva dṛṣṭāntatvenopādānaṃ nyāyyaṃ syāt | te ca na saṃbhavantīti na yuktametadanyatve sati prāptirastīti || 7 ||

atrāha- yadyapi agnīndhanayoḥ strīpuruṣavatparasparanirapekṣā siddhirnāsti, tathāpi parasparāpekṣā tāvadasti | tataśca astyevāgnīndhanayoḥ svarūpasiddhiḥ parasparasāpekṣatvāt | na hi avidyamānayorvandhyāputraduhitroḥ parasparāpekṣatā dṛṣṭeti | ucyate | evamapi-

asyendhanasya ayamagnirdāhakaḥ kartā, ityevaṃ yadi indhanamapekṣyāgnirvyavasthāpyate, asyāgneridamindhanaṃ karmetyevamagnimapekṣya yadīndhanam, tat kataradanayoḥ pūrvaniṣpannam? kimindhanaṃ yadapekṣyāgni syāt, uta agniryamapekṣyendhanaṃ syāt? tatra yadi indhanaṃ pūrvaniṣpannamiti kalpyate, tadayuktam, agninirapekṣasya anidhyamānasyendhanatvābhāvāt, tṛṇādeḥ sarvasya caiva indhanatvaprasaṅgāt | atha pūrvamagniḥ paścādindhanamiti, tadapyayuktam, indhanātpūrvasiddhasyāgnerasaṃbhavāt, nirhetukatvaprasaṅgāt | paścāccāpekṣayā niṣprayojanatvāt | tasmānnāsti atra kiṃcitpūrvasiddhaṃ yadapekṣya itarasya siddhi syāt || 8 ||

athāpi manyase- pūrvamindhanaṃ paścādagniriti, evamapi

yadīndhanamapekṣyāgniragneḥ siddhasya sādhanam |

bhaviṣyati | yadi indhanamapekṣyāgnirbhaviṣyatīti parikalpyate, evaṃ tarhi siddhasya sato 'gneḥ punarapi sādhanaṃ syāt | vidyamānasyaiva padārthasya siddharūpasyāpekṣā yujyate | na hi avidyamāno devadatto gṛhe kaṃcidapekṣate | evaṃ yadi agnirvidyamāno na syāt, nāsāvindhanamapekṣate | tasmādastitvamagne rambhupeyam | tadā ca kimasya indhanasyāpekṣayā punaḥ kartavyam? na hi siddho 'gniḥ punarindhanena (Pp_89) kartavyo yadarthamindhanāpekṣāsāphalyaṃ syāt | tasmādindhanamapekṣyāgnirbhavatīti na yuktam |

api ca | yadi indhanamapekṣyāgnirbhavatīti parikalpyate-

yadi indhanamasiddhaṃ syāt, naiva tadagninā apekṣyeta, asiddhasyāpekṣāyogāt | tasmānniragnikasyendhanasya siddhirabhyupeyā, na caivametaditi na yuktametaditi || 9 ||

atha matam- yaugapadyenaiva indhanasiddhayā agnisiddhiḥ, agnisiddhayā ca indhanasiddiḥ | tataśca ekasyāpi pūrvasiddhayanabhyupagamāt, tatra yaduktam-

kataratpūrvaniṣpannaṃ yadapekṣyāgnirindhanam |

iti, tadayuktamiti | ucyate | evamapīṣyamāṇe ubhayasyāpi nāsti siddhiḥ | yasmāt-

tatra yadi yaḥ agnyākhyo bhāvaḥ yamindhanākhyaṃ bhāvamapekṣya sidhyati, indhanākhyaśca bhāvaḥ yo 'gninā ātmasiddhayarthamapekṣitavyaḥ, sa yadi tameva agnyākhyaṃ padārthamapekṣya sidhyati, kathyatāmidānīṃ sidhyatāṃ kamapekṣya kaḥ iti | yadā ca agnyabhāve sati indhanasya siddhireva nāsti, tadā akāraṇasyendhanasyābhāvāt kutastaddhetuko 'gniḥ prasetsyati? evaṃ ya indhanākhyo bhāvaḥ yamagnyākhyaṃ bhāvamapekṣya sidhyati, agnyākhyaśca bhāvo yaḥ indhanākhyena ātmasiddhayarthamapekṣitavyaḥ, sa yadi tamevendhanākhyaṃ bhāvamapekṣya sidhyati, kathyatāṃ kimidānīṃ sidhyatāṃ kamapekṣya kaḥ iti | yadā hi indhanābhāve sati agneḥ siddhirnāsti, tadā niṣkāraṇasyāgnerabhāvāt kutastaddhetukamindhanam? || 10 ||

itaśca agnīndhanayoḥ parasparāpekṣayāpi siddhirasatī, siddhāsiddhayorapekṣābhāvāditi pratipādayannāha-

yo hi agnyākhyo bhāvaḥ indhanākhyaṃ bhāvamapekṣya sidhyati, saḥ asiddho vā indhanamapekṣate siddho vā? yadi asiddhaḥ, tadā asiddhatvāt kharaviṣāṇavannendhanamapekṣeta | atha siddhaḥ, siddhatvāt kimasyendhanāpekṣayā? na hi siddhaṃ punarapi sādhyate vaiyarthyāt | evamindhane 'pi vācyam | tasmānnāgnīndhanayoḥ parasparāpekṣayā yaugapadyena vā siddhiriti || 11 ||

yataścaivam, tasmāt-

apekṣyendhanamagnirna

atha syāt- anapekṣyāgnistarhi bhaviṣyatīti | etadapi na yuktamityāha-

nānapekṣyāgnirindhanam |

anyatvapratiṣedhādahetukatvaprasaṅgācca | yathā ca agnirapekṣya vā anapekṣya vā indhanaṃ saṃbhavati, evamindhanamapītyāha-

atrāha- kimanayā asmākamatisūkṣmekṣikayā prayojanam, ye vayaṃ brūmaḥ- yasmādagninā idhyamānamindhanaṃ pratyakṣata upalabhyate, tasmātte eva agnīndhane iti | ucyate | syādetadevam, yadi agnirindhanaṃ dahet | yadi indhane 'gniḥ saṃbhavet, sa indhanaṃ dahet | na tu saṃbhavatītyāha-

āgacchatyanyato nāgnirindhane 'gnirna vidyate |

indhanavyatiriktāttāvatkutaścidanyato 'gnerāgamanaṃ nāsti, tasya adṛṣṭatvāt | nirindhanasya cāhetukasyāgnerāgamanābhāvāt, sendhanasya cāgamane prayojanābhāvāt, tatrāpi cendhane tulyaparyanuyogāt, anavasthāprasaṅgācca āgacchatyanyato nāgniḥ | tathā indhane 'pyagnirna saṃbhavati tatrānupalabhyamānatvāt |

atha syāt- vidyamānasyāpi mūlodakādivadabhivyañjakapratyayavaikalyātpūrvamanupalabhyamānatvam, araṇinigharṣaṇādabhivyañjakapratyayasaṃbhavāttu paścādupalabdhiriti | idameva tāvatsaṃpradhāryate- kiṃ punarmūlodakādīnāmabhivyañjakaiḥ pratyayaiḥ kriyata iti | tatra svarūpaṃ tāvanna kriyate vidyamānatvāt abhivyaktiḥ kriyata iti cet, keyamabhivyaktirnāma? prakāśateti cet, evaṃ tarhi saiva kriyate pūrvamavidyamānatvādasyāḥ | satkāryavādatyāgaścaivaṃ jāyate abhivyakteḥ pūrvamavidyamānatvātpaścācca bhāvāt | svarūpasya cotpattipratyayanirapekṣatvātkhapuṣpavadabhivyaktipratyayasāpekṣatāpi na syāt | api ca iyamabhivyaktirabhivyaktasya vā bhāvasya parikalpyeta anabhivyaktasya vā? tatra tāvad yadabhivyaktaṃ tannābhivyajyate, tasyābhivyaktivaiyarthyāt aniṣṭadoṣaprasaṅgācca | anabhivyaktamapi nābhivyajyate khapuṣpavadanabhivyaktatvāt | ityevamabhivyaktirna saṃbhavati ||

athāpi syāt- vidyamānasyaiva pratyayaiḥ sthaulyaṃ kriyate iti, evamapi yadeva sthaulyaṃ pūrvaṃ nāstīti tadeva kriyata iti kutaḥ sthaulyāpādanamabhivyaktiḥ? saukṣmyasya ca nirhetukasyāsaṃbhavāt kasya sthūlatāpādanādabhivyaktiḥ syāditi | tadevaṃ sarvathā indhane agnerna saṃbhava iti indhane 'gnirna vidyate | na cāvidyamānāgninā indhanasya dahanamupajāyate ityasatyamevaitadupalabhate bhavān |

api ca | yathā pūrvaṃ gatāgatagamyamānānāṃ dūṣaṇamuktam-

agninā indhanaṃ dahyamānamupalabhyate ityatra indhanaprastāve śeṣaṃ dūṣaṇaṃ gamyamānagatāgatadūṣaṇena veditavyam, uktapāṭhaviparyayeṇa-

ityādinā | yata evam, ato nāstyagninā indhanasya dahanamiti veditavyam || 13 ||

idānīṃ yathopapāditamarthaṃ nigamayannāha-

tatra

yadindhanaṃ sa cedagnirekatvaṃ kartṛkarmaṇoḥ |

bhavet, ityanena agnīndhanayorakatvapratiṣedhāt

indhanaṃ punaragnirna, anyaścedindhanādagnirindhanādapyṛte bhavet |

ityādinā anyatvasya pratiṣedhāt

nāgniranyatra cendhanāt |

tattvānyatvobhayapakṣapratiṣedhādeva tadvatpakṣādhārādheyapakṣāṇāmapyarthataḥ pratiṣiddhatvāttānapi nigamayannāha-

nāgnirindhanavānnāgnāvindhanāni na teṣu saḥ |

iti | tatrāgnirindhanavānna bhavati | indhanamasyāsmin vā vidyata iti vyatirekeṇa vā vyutpādena avyatirekeṇa vā | tatra vyatirekeṇa- tadyathā gomān devadattaḥ | avyatirekeṇa- buddhimān devadatto rūpavānityādi | agnīndhanayośca pakṣadvayasyāpi pratiṣiddhatvādindhanavānagniriti pratiṣedho vihitaḥ | anyacca | kuṇḍaṃ dadhna ādhāratāṃ pratipadyate | na cendhanādanyatvamagnerastīti nāgnāvindhanānīti yujyate | nāpi indhane 'styagniḥ, anyatvapratiṣedhāditi | evamādhārādheyatāpratiṣedho 'pyarthata upapādita eva || 14 ||

yathā cāgniḥ pañcadhā vicāryamāṇo na saṃbhavati, evamātmāpi, ityatidiśannāha-

agnīndhanābhyāṃ vyākhyāta ātmopādānayoḥ kramaḥ | sarvo niravaśeṣeṇa

tatra upādīyate ityupādānaṃ pañcopādānaskandhāḥ | yastānupādāya prajñapyate, sa upādātā grahītā niṣpādaka ātmetyucyate | ahaṃkāraviṣayatvādāhita utpādito 'haṃmāno 'sminniti | tadasyātmana upādānasya ca yaḥ kramaḥ siddhiḥ, sa sarvo 'gnīndhanābhyāṃ vyākhyāto 'vagantavyo niravaśeṣeṇa ||

kaḥ punaḥ sarvasya niravaśeṣasya ca bhedaḥ? sarvagrahaṇenaiva pañca pakṣāḥ samanantaraprakrānta abhisaṃbadhyante | sarve ete pañcāpi pakṣāḥ agnīndhanavadātmopādānayorapyavikalā ḍhaukanīyāḥ | yaścaiyā pratipādane upapattikramaḥ prāgupavarṇitaḥ, tena niravaśeṣeṇa ātmopādānayoḥ pratiṣedho veditavyaḥ ityanena sarvātmanā pratiṣedhasāmyamagnīndhanābhyāmātmopādānayorveditavyamityupadarśanārthaṃ sarvo nirava śeṣeṇetyāha | tatra yadevopādānaṃ sa eva ātmā, ityevaṃ kartṛkarmaṇorekatvaprasaṅgānna yujyate nāpyanyadupādānamanya upādātā, skandhavyatirekeṇāpyātmopalabdhiprasaṅgāt, paratra nirapekṣatvādityādiprasaṅgācca | ekatvānyatvapratiṣedhācca skandhavānaṣyātmā na bhavati | anyatvābhāvācca nātmani skandhā na skandheṣvātmā | yata evaṃ pañcasu prakāreṣu ātmano na sattvam, tasmātkarmakārakavadeva ātmopādānayoḥ parasparāpekṣikī siddhiriti sthitam ||

yaścāyamātmopādānayoḥ kramaḥ, sa nānayoreva, kiṃ tarhi-

niravaśeṣaiḥ padārthaiḥ sarvathā vyākhyāto veditavyaḥ | ghaṭādayo hi kāryakāraṇabhūta avayavāvayavibhūtā lakṣaṇalakṣyabhūtā guṇnaguṇibhūtā vā syuḥ | tatra mṛddaṇḍacakrasūtrasalilakulālakaravyāyāmādayo ghaṭasya kāraṇabhūtāḥ, ghaṭaḥ kāryabhūtaḥ | kapālādayo nīlādayo vā avayavabhūtāḥ ghaṭo 'vayavī | pṛthubudhnalambauṣṭhadīrghagrīvatvādīni lakṣaṇāni ghaṭo lakṣyaḥ| śyāmatvādayo guṇāḥ, ghaṭo guṇī | ityevaṃ vyavasthāpya agnīndhanavat kramo yojyaḥ | eṣāṃ ca ghaṭādīnāmātmopādānayośca madhyamakāvatāraprakaraṇād vyākhyānamavaseyam || 15 ||

tadevaṃ karmakārakavadātmopādānayorghaṭādīnāṃ ca parasparāpekṣikyāṃ siddhau vyavasthitāyāṃ tathāgatavacanāviparītārthāvabodhābhimānitayā tīrthyamatopakalpitapadārthavyavasthāṃ saugatapravacanārthatvenopanīya atimūḍhatayā-

tatra saha tena vartata iti satat, satato bhāvaḥ satattvam, apṛthaktvam, ananyatvam ekatvamityarthaḥ | tadetat satattvaṃ ye varṇayanti, na tānācāryaḥ śāsanārthapaṇḍitān manyate | tadyathā- ātmā upādānena prajñapyate yena, sahaiva tenopādānena saṃbhavati | sa na pṛthak | avyatirekeṇaiva bhavatītyarthaḥ | evaṃ yena kāraṇena mṛdādinā ghaṭaḥ prajñapyate, tadavyatirekeṇaiva sa bhavati, na pṛthak | evamātmano bhāvānāṃ ca satattvaṃ ye varṇayanti, na te paramagambhīrasya pratītyasamutpādastha śāśvatocchedarahitasya upādāyaprajñaptyabhidhānasya tattvaṃ paśyanti | pṛthak pṛthak ca ye nirdiśanti, pṛthagityātmānam, pṛthagupādānam, pṛthak kāryam, pṛthak kāraṇam, ityādinā anyatvaṃ paśyanti, amūnapi na śāsanasyārthakovidānācāryo manyate | yathoktam-

evaṃ ca agnīndhanaparīkṣayā adhigatadharmatattvaparamasya yoginaḥ kalpenākālālipsitairapi naiva vapurdahyate rāgadveṣamohahutāśanairapi vā iti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

imu īdṛśa dharmalakṣaṇā buddha dīpaṃkaradarśane tvayā ||

anubuddha yatha tvayātmanā tatha bodhehi sadevamānuṣān ||

iti vistaraḥ ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau agnīndhanaparīkṣā nāma daśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

11 pūrvāparakoṭiparīkṣā ekādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyata eva ātmā, saṃsārasadbhāvāt | yadi hi ātmā na syāt, kasya pañcagatike ājavaṃjavībhāvena janmamaraṇaparaṃparayā saṃsaraṇaṃ syāt? uktaṃ hi bhagavatā- anavarāgro hi bhikṣavo jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāraḥ iti | avidyānīvaraṇānāṃ sattvānāṃ tṛṣṇāsaṃyojanānāṃ tṛṣṇāgaṇḍurabaddhānāṃ saṃsaratāṃ saṃdhāvatāṃ pūrvā koṭirna prajñāyata iti | yadā ca bhagavadupadeśātsaṃsāro 'sti, tadā saṃsartāpyasti | sa ca ātmā ucyata iti | ucyate | syādātmā, yadā saṃsāra eva syāt | katham? yasmādasya-

koṭirbhāgo deśa iti paryāyāḥ | pūrvā koṭiḥ pūrvo deśa ityarthaḥ | yadi hi saṃsāro nāma kaścit syāt, niyataṃ tasya pūrvamapi syāt, paścimamapi, ghaṭādīnāmiva | uktaṃ ca bhagavatā- anavarāgro hi bhikṣavo jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāra iti | yadeva avarāgre na staḥ, saṃsārasya anavarāgravacanāt, saṃsāra eva nāstīti nanu spaṣṭamādeśayāmāsa bhagavān | tasmānnāsti saṃsāraḥ, pūrvāparakoṭayanupalambhāt, alātacakravat, iti sthitam ||

atredaṃ vicāryate- yadi pūrvaṃ cāparaṃ ca saṃsārasya niṣiddhaṃ bhagavatā, kathaṃ punaridamāha- tasmāttarhi saṃsārakṣayāya pratipatsyāmaha ityevaṃ vo bhikṣavaḥ śikṣitavyam, iti? ucyate | avidyānīvaraṇānāṃ sattvānāmityādiviśeṣaṇopādānātteṣāmevāyamanavarāgraḥ saṃsāra iti pratīyate, na punastattvajñānānilabalāt samunmūlitāvidyānīvaraṇatarūṇām | teṣāṃ tu lokottaramārgajñānāgninā dagdhāśeṣakleśavāsanāmūlaniḥśeṣapādapānāṃ bhavatyeva antaḥ iti vijñeyam ||

kathaṃ punarādirahitānāmantopadeśa iti yāvat | dṛṣṭametad bāhyeṣu vrīhyādiṣu ādyabhāve 'pi dahanādisaṃparkādantasadbhāvaḥ | yathoktamāryadevapādaiḥ-

yathā bījasya dṛṣṭo 'nto na cādistasya vidyate | tathā kāraṇavaikalyājjanmano 'pi na saṃbhavaḥ || iti |

sa ca antopadeśo laukika eva vyavahāre sthitvā saṃsāracārakāvabaddhānāmutsāhanārthaṃ sattvānāṃ deśito laukikajñānāpekṣayā | vastukacintāyāṃ tu saṃsāra eva nāsti, tatkuto 'sya parikṣayaḥ? pradīpāvasthāyāṃ rajjūragaparikṣayavat ||

atrāha- yadyevaṃ laukikajñānāpekṣayā antavad ādirapi kiṃ nocyate? ucyate | ahetukadoṣaprasaṅgāt laukikajñānāpekṣayāpi saṃsārasyāderabhāva ityubhayathāpyāderabhāva eveti vijñeyam || 1 ||

atrāha- yadyāpi avarāgre na staḥ saṃsārasya, tathāpi madhyamasti, apratiṣedhāt | tataśca asti saṃsāro madhyasadbhāvāt | iha yannāsti, na tasya madhyamasti tadyathā kūrmaromaprāvaraṇasyeti | hāsyaḥ khalvasi | nanu ca bhoḥ,

naivāgraṃ nāvaraṃ yasya tasya madhyaṃ kuto bhavet |

agramiti ādiḥ, pūrvam, prathamam ucyate | avaramiti avasānam, antaḥ, vyavaccheda ucyate | yasya saṃsārasya ādirantaśca pratiṣiddhaḥ, tasya kuto madhyaṃ bhaviṣyati? tataśca saṃjñāmātrakameva viparyāsaparavaśamānasānāṃ saṃsāraḥ ādimadhyāvasānavirahitatvādākāśavadalātacakrādivaditi bhāvaḥ | saṃsārābhāvācca nāsti ātmeti | yata evaṃ saṃsārasyādimadhyāvasānāni na santi, ata eva saṃsārābhāvājjātijarāmaraṇādīnāṃ pūrvāparasahakramā api naiva santītyāha-

yathā ca nopapadyante tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi pūrvaṃ jātirbhavet, tadā maraṇasahitā syāt | na ca jarādirahitā jātiryujyate, asaṃskṛtatvaprasaṅgāt | jarāmaraṇarahitasya bhāvasya jātau parikalpyamānāyāmanyatra amṛtasyaiva devadattasya prathamamiha jātiḥ parikalpyamānā syāt | tataśca ādimān saṃsāraḥ syādahetukadoṣaśca | abhūvamatītamadhvānam, ityevaṃ pūrvāntakalpanā ca na syāt | abhūtvā ca pūrvaṃ paścādihotpādaḥ syāt ||

atha syāt- āmrādīnāṃ yathā pūrvaṃ vināpi jarāmaraṇasaṃbandhāt prathamameva utpādo dṛṣṭaḥ, evamātmāno 'pīti | naivam | sādhyasamatvāt | āmrādīnāmapi hi svabījanirodhe samutpadyamānatvāt nānyatrāvinaṣṭānāmutpāda iti samametat pūrveṇa ||

atha syāt- anyadeva vṛkṣādbījam, ato 'nyatrāvināśapūrvaka eva vṛkṣasyotpāda iti naivam | kāryakāraṇayoranyatvasyāsiddhatvāt | tathā ca vakṣyati-

na ca bījādvṛkṣasyānyatvam | ataḥ sādhyasamametat | yataśca anyatrāmṛtasya ihotpādo nāsti, na pūrvaṃ jātirabhyupeyā || 3 ||

atha pūrvaṃ jarāmaraṇam, paścājjātiḥ, evamapi-

jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇamiti vacanājjātihetukaṃ jarāmaraṇamuktaṃ bhagavatā | yadi etatpūrvaṃ syāttadā nirhetukaṃ syāt | tasmānna yuktametat | yato 'pyuktam-

yatha ukkhitte loḍhammi ukkheve atthi kāraṇaṃ | ṣaḍane kāraṇaṃ ṇatthi aṇṇaṃ ukkhevakāraṇā || iti |

yathāṣyatrotkṣepaḥ patanakāraṇaṃ nānyat, evamihāpi jātimevakāraṇatvena vināśasya varṇayāmo nānyat, iti nāstyahetukatā vināśasya | jātihetukatvāccāsyodgamanameva vināśasya heturiti kṛtvā eṣāpi gāthā sunītā bhavati-

idānīṃ sahabhāvenāpi jātijarāmaraṇānāmasadbhāvaṃ pratipādayannāha-

yadi sahabhāvo jātijarāmaraṇānāṃ syāt, tadā jāyamānasya maraṇaṃ syāt | na caitadyuktam | na ca parasparaviruddhatvādālokāndhakāravadekakālatā yuktā | na caivaṃ loke dṛṣṭaṃ yajjāyamāna eva mriyate iti | api ca | ahetukatvaṃ jātyādīnāṃ sahabhāvakalpanāyāṃ syāt | na hi sahabhūtayoḥ savyetaragoviṣāṇayoranyonyahetukatā dṛṣṭeti na yuktametat || 5 ||

tadevam-

yasyāṃ jātau yatra jarāmaraṇe ete pūrvāparasahakramāḥ na santi, tāṃ jātimanupalabhamānā āryāḥ kiṃ prapañcayanti? kiṃśabdo 'saṃbhave | naiva prapañcayantītyarthaḥ | athavā | evamavidyamāneṣu jātyādiṣu tāṃ jātibhavidyamānāṃ bālāḥ kiṃ prapañcayanti tacca jarāmaraṇaṃ yanna saṃvidyate? tasmādavastuka eva bālānāṃ prapañca ityabhiprāyaḥ || 6 ||

yathā ca saṃsārasya pūrvā koṭirnāsti, evamanyeṣāmapi bhāvānāmityāha-

tatra yadi pūrvaṃ kāraṇaṃ paścātkāryaṃ syāt, akāryakaṃ kāraṇaṃ nirhetukaṃ syāt | atha pūrvaṃ kāryaṃ paścātkāraṇam, evamapi kāraṇātpūrvaṃ kāryaṃ nirhetukameva syāt | atha yugapatkāryakāraṇe syātām, evamubhayamapyahetukaṃ syāt | evaṃ lakṣyalakṣaṇe vedanāvedakau ca yojyau | na ca kevalaṃ saṃsārasya vyākhyānena kāryakāraṇādikaṃ vyākhyātaṃ veditavyam, api ca ye 'pyante padārthā jñānajñeyapramāṇaprameyasādhanasādhyāvayavāvayaviguṇaguṇyādayaḥ, teṣāmapi pūrvā koṭirna vidyata iti yojyam || ata eva āryaratnameghasūtre āryasarvanīvaraṇaviṣkambhiṇā mahābodhisattvena bhagavān stutaḥ-

tathā-

karma kriyā ca pravartati evaṃ hīnautkṛṣṭatayā samudenti | Note: Pp_99 jaḍḍaka dharma sadā prakṛtīye śūnya nirātma vijānatha sarvān ||

ityādi || |

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau pūrvāparakoṭiparīkṣā nāmaikādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

12 duḥkhaparīkṣā dvādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyata eva ātmā, tatsaṃbandhiduḥkhasadbhāvāt | iha hi pañcopādānaskandhā duḥkhamityucyate, tacca asti, tena ca duḥkhena kasyacidbhavitavyaṃ na nirāśrayeṇeti, ato vidyata eva duḥkhasyāśrayaḥ, sa cātmeti | ucyate | syādātmā yadi duḥkhameva syāt | taddhi bhavet svayaṃ kṛtaṃ vā parakṛtaṃ vā ubhayakṛtaṃ vā heturahitaṃ vā | sarvathā ca iṣyamāṇaṃ tatkāryameva nāstīti pratipādayannāha-

tatraike vādinaḥ svayaṃ kṛtaṃ duḥkhamiti pratipannāḥ | apare punaḥ parakṛtam, anye ca ubhayakṛtam| kecidahetusamutpannameva duḥkhamiti pratipannāḥ | sarvathā ca tadduḥkhamiṣyamāṇaṃ kāryaṃ kartavyaṃ na yujyate, tadetatpratijñāmātrakamiti || 1 ||

tatpratipādayannāha-

idānīṃ parakṛtamapi duḥkhaṃ yathā na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadā amībhyo maraṇāntikebhyaḥ skandhebhyaḥ ime aupapattyāṃśikāḥ skandhā anye syuḥ, ebhyo vā aupapattyāṃśikebhyaḥ amī maraṇāntikā skandhāḥ pare syuḥ, syāttadānīṃ parakṛtaṃ duḥkham | na caiṣāmanyatvaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ hetuphalasaṃbandhāvasthānāt | vakṣyati hi-

pratītya yadyadbhavati na hi tāvattadeva tat | na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam || iti |

ataḥ parakṛtamapi duḥkhaṃ na saṃbhavati | yadi hi anyatvaṃ syāt, tadā sati anyatve etaiḥ parabhūtaiḥ skandhairamī parabhūtāḥ kṛtā iti yuktaṃ vaktuṃ syāt | na caitadevam| iti parakṛtamapi duḥkhaṃ na saṃbhavati || 3 ||

atha syāt- na brūmo yasmādduḥkhenaiva duḥkhaṃ kṛtam, ataḥ svayaṃ kṛtamiti | kiṃ tarhi svapudgalena yasmātsvayameva kṛtam, nāpareṇa kṛtvā dattam, ityataḥ svayaṃ kṛtaṃ duḥkhamiti brūmaḥ | ucyate-

yadetanmanuṣyaduḥkhaṃ pañcopādānaskandhalakṣaṇaṃ svayaṃ pudgalena kṛtamiti parikalpyate, kalpyatāmasau pudgalo yena tadduḥkhaṃ svayaṃ kṛtam | yadi tāvadyena duḥkhena svapudgalaḥ prajñapyate, tadeva duḥkhaṃ tena kṛtamiti, sa bhedena kathyatāmidaṃ tadduḥkhamayamasya karteti | athāpi manuṣyaduḥkhopādānena pudgalena tadeva duḥkhaṃ kṛtaṃ syāt, na tarhi svapudgalakṛtaṃ tat, parapudgalakṛtameva syāt | athopādānabhede 'pi pudgalābheda iṣyate, etacca nāsti, upādānavyatiriktasya bhinnasya pudgalasya darśayitumaśakyatvāt | evaṃ tāvat svapudgalakṛtaṃ duḥkhaṃ na bhavati || 4 ||

atrāha- ka evamāha svapudgalakṛtaṃ duḥkhamiti? kiṃ tarhi parapudgalajaṃ duḥkham | anya eva devaduḥkhānmanuṣyapudgalaḥ, manuṣyapudgalaśca devaduḥkhaṃ kṛtvā yasmāddevapudgalāya dadāti, tena ca devaduḥkhena devapudgalaḥ prajñapyate, tasmāttasya pudgalasya tadduḥkhaṃ parapudgalajameva bhavati | ucyate-

yadi devaduḥkhaṃ manuṣyapudgalakṛtam, tena ca manuṣyapudgalena tadduḥkhaṃ kṛtvā parasmai devapudgalāya pradīyata iti sa devapudgalo devaduḥkhavinirmuktaḥ kuto yasmai pradīyeteti | evaṃ tāvadaparapudgalajasya duḥkhasya pratigrāhaka eva nāsti || 5 ||

idānīṃ yaśca dadāti, asāvapi nāstītyāha-

tataśca-

yadi devapudgaladuḥkhaṃ manuṣyapudgalena kṛtatvātparakṛtaṃ bhavati, nanu, manuṣyapudgalasya svayaṃkṛtameva tadbhavati | etacca nāstītyuktam | tataḥ svayaṃkṛtasyāprasiddheryadā manuṣyapudgalena svayaṃ tadduḥkhaṃ na kṛtam, tadā kutaḥ parapudgalasya devākhyasya tadduḥkhaṃ parakṛtaṃ bhaviṣyatīti | ato 'pi parakṛtaṃ duḥkhaṃ na saṃbhavati || 7 ||

idānīṃ prakaraṇāntareṇāpi pakṣadvayāsaṃbhavaṃ pratipādayannāha-

itaśca svaparābhyāṃ duḥkhasya karaṇaṃ na yujyate, yasmānna tāvatsvakṛtaṃ duḥkham | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmānna tenaiva hi tat kṛtam, svātmani vṛttivirodhāt, ataḥ svakṛtaṃ nāsti | na parakṛtamapi, yasmādyo 'sau paraḥ karotīti parikalpyate, sa eva tāvannātmanā kṛto nātmanā niṣpannaḥ tasyāpi hetvantarāpekṣaṇāt | yaśca svātmanā na niṣpannaḥ, sa kathamavidyamānasvabhāvaḥ san paraṃ kariṣyatīti na yuktametat || 8 ||

idānīmubhayakṛtamapi duḥkhamasadityāha-

syādubhābhyāṃ kṛtaṃ duḥkhaṃ syādekaikakṛtaṃ yadi |

yadi hi ekaikena duḥkhasya karaṇaṃ syāt syāttadānīmubhābhyāṃ kṛtaṃ duḥkham | na caikaikakṛtaṃ tat, uktadoṣāt | na caikaikena prāṇātipāte kṛte dvābhyāṃ kṛta iti vyapadeśo dṛṣṭaḥ ||

idānīṃ nirhetukamapi duḥkhaṃ yathā nāsti, tathā pratipadayannāha-

pareṇa akāro akaraṇaṃ yasyeti parākāram | na svayaṃkāro 'syetyasvayaṃkāram | yadi duḥkhaṃ svayaṃkṛtaṃ nāsti, parakṛtamapi nāsti yathoktena nyāyena, tadidānīṃ kuta eva nirhetukaṃ bhaviṣyati khapuṣpasaugandhyavat? duḥkhābhāvātkutastasyāśrayabhūta ātmā || 9 ||

yathā ca caturdhā vicāryamāṇaṃ duḥkhamasat, evaṃ bāhyā api bījāṅkuraghaṭapaṭādayo bhāvā veditavyāḥ, iti pratipādayannāha-

na kevalaṃ hi duḥkhasya cāturvidhyaṃ na vidyate |

sarveṣāṃ

pūrvavatsarva samaṃ yojyam | yadi khalveṣāṃ duḥkhādīnāṃ cāturvidhyāsaṃbhavaḥ, tatkatamena tarhi idānīṃ prakāreṇa eṣāṃ siddhiriti | ucyate | svabhāvato yadi etāni duḥkhādīni syuḥ, niyatameṣāṃ caturṇāṃ prakārāṇāmanyatamena prakāreṇa siddhiḥ syāt | na tvasti | tasmātsvabhāvato na santi duḥkhādīnītyavasīyate | atha viparyāsamātralabdhātmasattākāyā duḥkhādisaṃvṛteḥ pratītyasamutpādavyavasthā (Pp_103) mṛgyate, tadā karmakārakaparīkṣāprakaraṇavihitavidhinā yathoditapakṣacatuṣṭayatiraskāreṇa idaṃpratyayatāmātrārthapratītyasamutpādasiddhayā siddhirabhyupeyā | yathoktam-

uktaṃ ca bhagavatā āryopālipṛcchāyām-

tathā

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau duḥkhaparīkṣā nāma dvādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

13 saṃskāraparīkṣā trayodaśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

yataścaivaṃ samanantarātikrāntaprakaraṇavidhinā svaparobhayakṛtatvamahetusamutpanatvaṃ ca nirūpyamāṇaṃ bhāvānāmasat, anyaścotpādako vidhirasan, utpannarūpatvena caite bhāvā avidyātimiropahatamatinayanānāṃ bālapṛthagjanānāṃ khyānti, tasmānniḥsvabhāvā eva santo bālānāṃ visaṃvādakā māyākarituragādivat tadanabhijñānāṃ na tu vijñānām | ata eva sarvadharmasvābhāvāvyāparokṣadhīnayanaḥ samunmūlitāśeṣāvidyāvāsanaḥ caturviparyāsaviparyastātrāṇasattvaparitrāṇāya aviparītanaiḥ svābhāvyopadeśatatparo buddho jagadvibodhako mahākāruṇikaḥ-

sūtre uktam- tanmṛṣā moṣadharma yadidaṃ saṃskṛtam | etaddhi khalu bhikṣavaḥ paramaṃ satyaṃ yadidamamoṣadharma nirvāṇam | sarvasaṃskārāśca mṛṣā moṣadharmāṇaḥ iti | tathā- nāstyatra tathatā avitathatā vā | moṣadharmakamapyetat | pralopadharmakamapyetat iti | tadanena nyāyena yanmoṣadharma tanmṛṣetyevaṃ yasmāduktavāṃstathāgato bhagavān, sarve ca moṣadharmāṇaḥ saṃskārāḥ, tasmānmoṣadharmakatvena te saṃskārā mṛṣā bhavanti citrakarayantradārikāvat, lakṣaṇopetayantramayavāraṇavañcitodayanavatsarājavat | tatra visaṃvādakaṃ moṣadharmakaṃ vitathakhyātyālātacakravat | ato niḥsvabhāvatvena mṛṣā sarvasaṃskārāḥ moṣadharmakatvāt marīcikādijalavat | yattu satyaṃ na tanmoṣadharmakam, tadyathā nirvāṇamekam | tataśca vihitayā upapattyā asmāccāgamāt siddhaṃ sarvabhāvānāṃ naiḥsvābhāvyam | śūnyāḥ sarvadharmā niḥsvabhāvayogena iti ca prajñāpāramitā- ardhaśatikāpāṭhāt || 1 ||

atrāha- yadyevaṃ moṣadharmakatvena sarvasaṃskārāṇāṃ mṛṣātvaṃ pratipāditaṃ bhavatā, nanvevaṃ sati na santi sarve bhāvā iti sarvapadārthāpavādinī mithyādṛṣṭireva syāt | ucyate | satyaṃ moṣadharmakāḥ sarvasaṃskārāḥ, ye 'dyāpi bhavantaṃ muṣṇanti | nanu ca bhoḥ,

tanmṛṣā moṣadharma yadyadi kiṃ tatra muṣyate |

yadā asmābhiḥ tanmṛṣā moṣadharmakam ityuktam, tadā kiṃ tatra muṣyate? kiṃ tatrābhāvo bhavati? kaścidyadi padārtho 'bhaviṣyat, syāttasyāpavādādabhāvadarśanānmithyādṛṣṭiḥ | yadā tu padārthameva kaṃcinna paśyāmaḥ, tadā kiṃ tatra muṣyate? naiva kiṃcidabhāvo bhavatītyayukto 'yamupālambho bhavataḥ |

atrāha- yadi abhāvadarśanamapi na pratipādyate, kiṃ punaranenāgamena pratipādyata iti? ucyate-

yadetaduktaṃ bhagavatā, tanna bhāvānāmabhāvaparidīpakam kiṃ tarhi śūnyatāparidīpakam svabhāvānutpādaparidīpakamityarthaḥ | yathoktamanavataptahradāpasaṃkramaṇasūtre-

atrāha- nāyamāgamo bhāvasvabhāvānutpādaṃ paridīpayati, kiṃ tarhi niḥsvabhāvatvam, svabhāvasyānavasthāyitvam, vināśitvam, iti | kuta etaditi cet,

bhāvānāṃ niḥsvabhāvatvamanyathābhāvadarśanāt |

vicāryamāṇānāmanyathātvaṃ vipariṇāmadarśanāt ityarthaḥ | etaduktaṃ bhavati- yadi bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo na syāt, tadānīṃ naivaiṣāmanyathātvamupalabhyeta | upalabhyate ca pariṇāmaḥ | tasmātsvabhāvānava sthāyitvameva sūtrārtha iti vijñeyam ||

itaścaitadevam | yasmāt-

yo hyasvabhāvo bhāvaḥ, sa nāsti | bhāvānāṃ ca śūnyatā dharma iṣyate | na ca asati dharmiṇi tadāśrito dharma upapadyate | na hi asati vandhyātanaye tacchayāmatopapadyata iti | tasmādastyeva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva iti || 3 ||

api ca-

kasya syādanyathābhāvaḥ svabhāvaścenna vidyate |

yadi bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo na syāt, yo 'yaṃ vipariṇāmalakṣaṇaḥ anyathābhāvaḥ, sa kasya syāditi? atrocyate | evamapi parikalpyamāne

iha yo dharmo yaṃ padārthaṃ na vyabhicarati, sa tasya svabhāva iti vyapadiśyate, aparapratibaddhatvāt | agnerauṣṇyaṃ hi loke tadavyabhicāritvāt svabhāva ityucyate | tadeva auṣṇyamapsūpalabhyamānaṃ parapratyayasaṃbhūtatvātkṛtrimatvānna svabhāva iti | yadā caivamavyabhicāriṇā svabhāvena bhavitavyam, tadā asya avyabhicāritvādanyathābhāvaḥ syādabhāvaḥ | na hi agniḥ śaityaṃ pratipadyate | evaṃ bhāvānāṃ sati svabhāvābhyupagame 'nyathātvameva na saṃbhavet | upalabhyate caiṣāmanyathātvam | ato nāsti svabhāvaḥ || 4 ||

api ca | ayamanyathābhāvo bhāvānāṃ naiva saṃbhavati, yaddarśanātsasvabhāvatā syāt | yathā ca na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha-

tasyaiva tāvat prāgvat prāgavasthāyāṃ vartamānasya bhāvasyānyathātvaṃ nopapadyate | tathā hi yūno yuvāvasthāyāmeva vartamānasya nāsti anyathātvam | athāpi avasthāntaraprāptasyaiva anyathātvaṃ parikalpyate, tadapi nopapadyate | anyathātvaṃ nāma jarāyāḥ paryāyaḥ | tadyadi yūno neṣyate, anyasyaiva jīrṇasya bhavatīti, tadapi na yujyate | yasmānna hi jīrṇasya punarjarayā saṃbandhaḥ, niṣprayojanatvāt | kiṃ hi jīrṇasya punarjarayā saṃbandhaḥ kuryāt? tadāgamanāntareṇa jīrṇatābhāvājjīrṇo jīryata iti na yujyate | atha yūna evānyathābhāvaḥ, tadayuktam, aprāptajarāvasthasya yuveti vyapadeśāt, avasthādvayasya ca parasparaviruddhatvāt || 5 ||

api ca |

tasya cedanyathābhāvaḥ kṣīrameva bhaveddadhi |

atha syāt- kṣīrāvasthāparityāgena dadhyavasthā bhavati, ataḥ na kṣīrameva dadhi bhavatīti | ucyate | yadi kṣīraṃ dadhi bhavatīti neṣyate parasparavirodhāt-

kimudakasya dadhibhāvo bhavatu? tasmādasaṃbaddhameva tadanyasya dadhibhāvo bhaviṣyatīti | tadevamanyathātvāsaṃbhavāt kutastaddarśanāt sasvabhāvatā bhāvānāṃ prasetsyatīti na yuktametat | yathoktamāryaratnākaramahāyānasūtre-

śānta prajānati dharma praṇītān prīti sa vindati toṣati sattvān | so bhavatī jinu jitvena kleśān ātma ............ | tena vijānita bodhi jinānāṃ buddhiya bodhayate sa jagaṃ pi |

yaccoktam- asvabhāvo bhāvo naivāsti, śūnyatā ca bhāvānāmiṣyate, tasmādasti śūnyatāaśrayo bhāvasvabhāva iti, etadapi na yujyate ityāha-

yadi śūnyatā nāma kācit syāt, tadā tadāśrayo bhāvasvabhāvaḥ syāt | na tvevam | iha hi śūnyatā nāmeti sarvadharmāṇāṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇamityabhyupagamāt aśūnyadharmābhāvādaśūnyataiva nāsti | yadā ca aśūnyāḥ padārthā na santi, aśūnyatā ca nāsti, tadā pratipakṣanirapekṣatvācchūnyatāpi (Pp_108) khapuṣpamālāvannāstītyavasīyatām | yadā ca śūnyatā nāsti, tadātadāśrayā api padārthā na santīti sthitamavikalam || 7 ||

atrāha- trīṇi vimokṣamukhāni śūnyatānimittāpraṇihitākhyāni vimuktaye vineyebhyo bhagavatā nirdiṣṭāni sarvatīrthikasamayāsādhāraṇāni saugata eva pravacane samupalabhyante | yeṣāmupadeśārthameva buddhā bhagavanto 'śeṣatīrthyavādamahāmohāndhakārānugatajagati jagadekapradīpā nairātmyopadeśāvicchinnaśikhā utpadyante | sa bhavāṃstathāgatapravacanavyākhyānavyājena idānīṃ tāmeva śūnyatāṃ pratikṣeptumārabdhavān, ityalaṃ bhavatā svargāpavargamārgasamucchedakeneti | ucyate | aho vata bhavānatyunmukha iva atyantaviparyāsānnirvāṇapuragāminaṃ śivamṛjuṃ paramaṃ panthānamavadhūya bhāvābhiniveśavyā, kulitaṃ saṃsārakāntārānugameva mārgaṃ mokṣapuragāmitvena samāśrito nirmumukṣuḥ san saṃsārāṭavīkāntāraḥ sadbhirupālabhya eva san abhimānābhiniveśagrahapavaraśatayā tānevopālabhate | nanu bhoḥ, niravaśeṣakleśavyādhicikitsakairmahāvaidyarājaiḥ-

iha sarveṣāmeva dṛṣṭikṛtānāṃ sarvagrahābhiniveśānāṃ yaniḥsaraṇamapravṛttiḥ sā śūnyatā | na ca dṛṣṭikṛtānāṃ nivṛttimātraṃ bhāvaḥ | ye tu tasyāmapi śūnyatāyāṃ bhāvābhiniveśinaḥ, tān prati avācakā vayamiti kuto 'smadupadeśāt sakalakalpanāvyāvṛttyā mokṣo bhaviṣyati? yaḥ nakiṃcidapi te paṇyaṃ dāsyāmītyuktaḥ, sa cet 'dehi bhostadeva mahyaṃ nakiṃcinnāma paṇyam,'; iti brūyāt, sa kenopāyena śakyaḥ paṇyābhāvaṃ grāhayitum? evaṃ yeṣāṃ śūnyatāyāmapi bhāvābhiniveśaḥ, kenedānīṃ sa teṣāṃ tasyāṃ bhāvābhiniveśo niṣidhyatāmiti? ato mahābhaiṣajye 'pi doṣasaṃjñitvāt paramacikitsakairmahāvaidyaistathāgataiḥ pratyākhyātā eva te | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā āryaratnakūṭasūtre-

yanna śūnyatayā dharmān śūnyān karoti, api tu dharmā eva śūnyāḥ | yannānimittena dharmānanimittān karoti, api tu dharmā evānimittāḥ | yannāpraṇihitena dharmānapraṇihitān karoti, api tu dharmā evāpraṇihitāḥ | yaivaṃ pratyavekṣā, iyamucyate kāśyapa madhyamā pratipaddharmāṇāṃ bhūtapratyavekṣā | ye hi kāśyapa śūnyatopalambhena śūnyatāṃ pratisaranti, tānahaṃ naṣṭapraṇaṣṭāniti vadāmi ||

iti pravacanāt ||

tathā-

varaṃ khalu kāśyapa sumerumātrā pudgaladṛṣṭirāśritā, na tveva abhāvābhiniveśikasya śūnyatādṛṣṭiḥ | tatkasya hetoḥ? sarvadṛṣṭikṛtānāṃ hi kāśyapa śūnyatā niḥsaraṇam | yasya khalu punaḥ śūnyataiva dṛṣṭiḥ, tamahamacikitsyamiti vadāmi | tadyathā kāśyapa glānaḥ puruṣaḥ syāt | tasmai (Pp_109) vaidyo bhaiṣajyaṃ dadyāt | tasya tadbhaiṣajyaṃ sarvadoṣānuccārya svayaṃ koṣṭhagataṃ na niḥsaret | tatkiṃ manyase kāśyapa api tu sa puruṣastato glānyānmukto bhavet? no hīdaṃ bhagavan | gāḍhataraṃ tasya puruṣasya glānyaṃ bhavet, yasya tadbhaiṣajyaṃ sarvadoṣānuccārya koṣṭhagataṃ na niḥsaret | bhagavānāha- evameva kāśyapa sarvadṛṣṭikṛtānāṃ śūnyatā niḥsaraṇam | yasya khalu punaḥ śūnyataiva dṛṣṭiḥ, tamahamacikitsyamiti vadāmi || iti || 8 ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau saṃskāraparīkṣā nāma trayodaśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

14 saṃsargaparīkṣā caturdaśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- astyeva bhāvasvabhāvaḥ, tatsaṃsargopadeśāt | iha yannāsti, na tasya saṃsargaḥ, tadyathā vandhyāsutaduhitroḥ | asti ca saṃskārāṇāṃ saṃsargopadeśaḥ | cakṣuḥ pratītya rūpāṇi cotpadyate cakṣurvijñānam, trayāṇāṃ saṃnipātaḥ sparśaḥ, sparśasahajā vedaneti vistaraḥ | tathā saṃjñā ca vedanā ca saṃsṛṣṭāvetau dharmau nāsaṃsṛṣṭāviti saṃskārāṇāṃ saṃsargopadeśaḥ | tadevaṃ saṃsargopadeśādvidyata eva bhāvasvabhāva iti | ucyate | syādetadevam, yadi saṃsarga eva bhavato bhavet, na tvasti, yasmāt-

tatra draṣṭavyaṃ rūpam,darśanaṃ cakṣuḥ, draṣṭā vijñānam | eṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ dviśo dviśaḥ saṃsargo nāsti | cakṣuṣo rūpasya ca, cakṣuṣo vijñānasya ca, vijñānasya rūpasya ca saṃsargo nāsti | ityevaṃ dviśo dviśaḥ saṃsargo na bhavati | sarvaśo 'pi trayāṇāmapyeṣāṃ yugapacca saṃsargo nāsti || 1 ||

yathā ca draṣṭavyadarśanadraṣṭaṇāṃ dviśo dviśaḥ sarvaśaśca saṃsargābhāvaḥ,

evaṃ rāgaśca raktaśca rañjanīyaṃ ca dṛśyatām |

rāgasya raktasya ca saṃsargo nāsti, rāgasya rañjanīyasya ca, trayāṇāmapi yugapatsaṃsargo nāsti | yathā caiṣām, evam-

anyonyena saṃsargaṃ na vrajanti | trayaḥ prakārāstridhā, tridhābhāvastraidham | tena traidhena śeṣāḥ kleśā dveṣamohādayaḥ, te ete dveṣadviṣṭadveṣaṇīyādinā traidhena śrotraśrotṛśrotavyādinā ca || 2 ||

kasmātpunareteṣāṃ saṃsargo nāstītyāha-

yadityayaṃ yasmādarthe | yadi draṣṭavyādīnāṃ parasparamanyatvaṃ syāt, tadā kṣīrodakayoriva anyena anyasya saṃsargaḥ syāt | taccānyatvaṃ yasmādeṣāṃ draṣṭavyaprabhṛtīnāṃ na saṃbhavati, ato naite saṃsarga brajanti || 3 ||

api ca |

yathā caiṣāṃ draṣṭavyaprabhṛtīnāṃ parasparato 'nyatvamasat, tathā pratipādayannāha-

iha yadetad ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu paṭādanyaditi vyapadiśyate, tadetadanyadanyatpratītya anyadbhavati | anyavastunaḥ ṛte, ṛte 'nyataḥ, vinā anyat, anyadanyanna bhavati | yacca paṭākhyaṃ vastu anyad ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu pratītya anyadbhavati, tasmātpaṭākhyādvastunaḥ tad ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu nānyadbhavatītyavasīyatām | yasmāt, yatpratītya yadbhavati, tasmāttadanyanna bhavati, sāpekṣatvād bījāṅkuravat hrasvadīrghavacceti | tathā ca vakṣyati-

atrāha- yadi ghaṭādanyaḥ paṭaḥ syāt, taṃ ca pṛthagbhūtaṃ paṭamapekṣya anyo ghaṭaḥ syāt, tadā ko doṣa iti | ucyate-

eko 'tra anyaśabda upadarśane, aparaśca arthāntaraparāmarśī, anyaśca prasiddhoccāraṇam, iti anyaśabdatrayopādānam | yadi hi etad ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu paṭādanyasmādanyat syāt, tad ghaṭākhyaṃ vastu anyasmādapi paṭākhyādṛte anyadbhavet, tadā ca paṭanirapekṣasyaiva ekaikasya ghaṭasya anyatvaṃ bhavet | yaddhi yasmādanyat, tattena vināpi siddhayati | tadyathā | sa eva ghaṭo na svarūpaniṣpattāvanyaṃ paṭamapekṣate | evamanyatvamapi yadi ghaṭasya anyasmātpaṭādṛte bhavet, tadānīṃ paṭanirapekṣasya ghaṭasya paratvaṃ syāt | na tu ekaikasya paṭanirapekṣasya ghaṭasyānyatvaṃ dṛṣṭam| tasmādanyadbhavatīti bruvatā yadapekṣya yadanyat, tatastadanyanna bhavatīti sphuṭamabhyupetaṃ bhavati ||

atrāha- yadi khalu anyatvamevaṃ kutaścitkasyacinnāsti, nanu idamapi tadā na saṃbhavati vaktum- yasmādanyatpratītya anyadanyadbhavatīti, tasmādeva tadanyadanyanna bhavatīti | ucyate | yata eva hi parasparāpekṣikī bhāvānāmanyatvasiddhiḥ, ata eva anyadityucyate laukike vyavahāre sthitvā | vastutastu parīkṣyamāṇamanyatvaṃ na saṃbhavatīti brūmaḥ ||

yadi tarhi evamapyavidyamāne 'pyanyatve lokasaṃvṛtyā paṭādanyo ghaṭa iti vyapadiśyate, atha kasmād bījāṅkurayorapi evamanyatvaṃ na vyapadiśyate? ucyate | naiva hi loko ghaṭapaṭayoriva bījāṅkurayoranyatvaṃ pratipadyate, ghaṭapaṭayoriva janyajanakatvābhāvaprasaṅgāt, yaugapadyabhāvaprasaṅgāt | api ca | yasmādbījamātramu tvā bījakāryaṃ vṛkṣamupadarśayati pumān loke- ayaṃ vṛkṣo mayopta iti, tasmālloke 'pi kāryakāraṇabhūtānāṃ nāstyeva paratvamiti vyavasthāpyate || 6 ||

atrāha- yadi padārthāntare padārthāntarasāpekṣā parabuddhiḥ syāt, syādeṣa doṣaḥ- tasmāttadanyanna bhavatīti | na tvevaṃ brūmaḥ | kiṃ tarhi iha anyatvaṃ nāma sāmānyaviśeṣo 'sti, tadyatra samavetam sa padārthaḥ padārthāntaranirapekṣayāpi para ityucyate, tasmāduktadoṣānavasaro 'smatpakṣe iti | ucyate syādetadevam, yadi anyatvameva syāt, na tvasti | ihedamanyatvaṃ kalpyamānamanyasmin vā kalpyeta ananyasmin vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyata iti pratipādayannāha-

nānyasmin vidyate 'nyatvamananyasminna vidyate |

tatra anyasminnanyatvamastīti kalpyate, kiṃ tadānīmanyatvaparikalpanayā? anyavyapadeśasiddhayarthaṃ hi bhavatā anyatvaṃ parikalpyate | sa ca anyavyapadeśo vināpyanyatvena siddha eva, yasmāllabdhānyavyapadeśa eva padārthe 'nyasmin anyatvaṃ kalpyate, ityevaṃ tāvadanyasminnanyatvaṃ na saṃbhavati idānīmananyasminnapi anyatvaṃ nāsti, yasmādananya ucyate ekaḥ, tatra ca anyatvaviruddhamekatvamastīti yataḥ virodhādananyasminnapi anyatvaṃ na saṃbhavati | yacca idānīṃ nānyasminnananyasmin vidyate tadvayatiriktasya padārthāntarasyāsaṃbhavād etadvayatirikte 'pi padārthe na saṃbhavati, tatraivāsti | yadā caivamanyatvameva nāsti, tadā anyatvasamavāyanibandhanaḥ anyabuddhidhvanipravṛttiheturanyo 'pi padārtho nāstīti siddham ||

atrāha- yadyapi anyatvaṃ nāsti, tathāpi anyastāvadasti | na ca asati anyatve anyo bhavitumarhati, ato 'nyatvaṃ bhaviṣyatīti | ucyate-

yadā anyatvameva nāstīti prāk pratipāditam, tadā kutaḥ asati anyatve anyadvā tadeva vā bhaviṣyati? tadeveti ananyatvamityarthaḥ | tasmānnāsti anyadvā tadeva vā || 7 ||

atrāha- vidyanta eva darśanādayaḥ, saṃsargasadbhāvāt | iha darśanādīnāṃ yadyapi anyatvaṃ nāstīti pratipāditam, tathāpi trayāṇāṃ saṃnipātaḥ saṃgatiḥ sparśa iti saṃsargo 'sti | tataśca saṃsargasadbhāvād vidyanta eva darśanādaya iti | ucyate | syurevam, yadi teṣāṃ saṃsarga eva syāt | na tvasti | yathā ca nāsti, tathā pratipādayannāha-

na tena tasya saṃsargo nānyenānyasya yujyate |

iha yadi darśanādīnāṃ saṃsargaḥ syāt, sa ekatvena vā parikalpyeta anyatvena vā? tatra ekatve nāsti saṃsargaḥ | na hi ekakaṃ kṣīramudakanirapekṣamudakena saṃsṛjyata ityucyate | pṛthaktve 'pi saṃsargo nāsti | na hi udakātpṛthagavasthitaṃ kṣīramudakena saṃsṛjyata iti kathyate | evaṃ darśanādīnāṃ yadi ekatve sati saṃsargaḥ parikalpyate, so 'nupapannaḥ | ekakasyāpi cakṣuṣaḥ saṃsṛṣṭiprasaṅgāt | atha pṛthaktvam, evamapyanupapannaḥ | ekakasyāpi cakṣuṣo rūpādibhyaḥ pṛthagbhūtasya saṃsṛṣṭiprasaṅgāt | asati saṃsarge nāsti darśanādikamiti siddham ||

atrāha- yadyapi saṃsargo nāsti, tathāpi saṃsṛjyamānaṃ saṃsṛṣṭaṃ saṃsraṣṭā cāsti, tadapratiṣedhāt | na ca saṃsargamantareṇa saṃsṛjyamānaṃ saṃsṛṣṭaṃ saṃsraṣṭā ca saṃbhavati | tasmātsaṃsargo 'pi bhaviṣyatīti | ucyate | etadapi na yuktam | yasmādyadā saṃsarga eva nāstīti pratipāditam, asati ca (Pp_113) saṃsarge tadā kutaḥ saṃsṛjyamānādikam? tatra vartamānasaṃsargakriyāsādhanakarmabhūtaṃ saṃsṛjyamānam, saṃsṛṣṭaṃ niṣpannasaṃsargakriyam, saṃsraṣṭā kartā kriyāniṣpattau svātantryeṇāvasthitaḥ | tadatra saṃsargābhāvādeva saṃsṛjyamānādikamapaśyaṃstatpratiṣedhaṃ nigamayannāha-

iti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā [upāliparipṛcchāyām]

tathā-

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau saṃsargaparīkṣā nāma caturdaśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

15 svabhāvaparīkṣā pañcadaśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāvaḥ, tanniṣpādakahetupratyayopādānāt | iha yannāsti na tasya niṣpādakahetupratyayopādānamasti yathā khapuṣpasya | upādīyante ca bījāvidyādayo hetupratyayā aṅkarasaṃskārādīnāṃ niṣpādakāḥ, ityato vidyata eva bhāvasvabhāva iti | ucyate | yadi bhāvānāṃ saṃskārāṅkurādīnāṃ svabhāvo 'sti, kimidānīṃ vidyamānānāṃ hetupratyayaiḥ prayojanam | yathā vartamānībhūtānāṃ saṃskārāṅkurādīnāṃ bhūyoniṣpattaye avidyābījādīnāmupādānaṃ kriyate evamanyadapi tadutpattaye na kartavyaṃ syāt, tatsvabhāvasya vidyamānatvāditi pratipādayannāha-

na saṃbhavaḥ svabhāvasya yuktaḥ pratyayahetubhiḥ |

atha syāt- naivotpādātpūrvaṃ kasyacidbhāvasya svabhāvo 'sti yato 'sya vidyamānatvādutpattivaiyarthyaṃ syāt, kiṃ tarhi utpādātpūrvamavidyamānasyaiva svabhāvasya hetupratyayān pratītya paścādutpādo bhavatīti | evamapīḥyamāṇe-

atha syāt- iṣyata eva hetupratyayasaṃbhūtatvātsvabhāvasya kṛtakatvam, tasmātkṛtakasyaiva svabhāvasyābhyupagamāt kṛtakatvaprasaṅgo nāsmākaṃ bādhaka iti, etadapi na yuktamityāha-

svabhāvaḥ kṛtako nāma bhaviṣyati punaḥ katham |

kṛtakaśceti svabhāvaśceti parasparaviruddhatvādasaṃgatārthametat | iha hi svo bhāvaḥ svabhāva iti vyutpatteḥ, yaḥ kṛtakaḥ padārthaḥ, sa loke naiva svabhāva iti vyapadiśyate, tadyathā apāmauṣpyaṃ dhātupiśācapratyayaniṣpāditaḥ karkeṭanādīnāṃ padmarāgādibhāvaśca | yastu akṛtakaḥ sa svabhāvaḥ, tadyathā agnerauṣṇyaṃ jātānāṃ padmarāgādīnāṃ padmarāgādisvabhāvaśca | sa hi teṣāṃ padārthāntarasaṃparkājanitatvātsvabhāva ityucyate | tadevamakṛtakaḥ svabhāva iti lokavyavahāre vyavasthite vayamidānīṃ brūmaḥ- yadetadauṣṇyaṃ tadaṣyagneḥ svabhāvo na bhavatīti gṛhyatāṃ kṛtakatvāt, iha maṇīndhanādityasamāgamādaraṇinirdharṣaṇādeśca agnerhetupratyayasāpekṣataiva upalabhyate | na ca agnivyatiriktamauṣṇyaṃ saṃbhavati | tasmādauṣṇyamapi hetupratyayajanitam, tataśca kṛtakam, kṛtakatvāccāpāmauṣṇyavat svabhāvo naiva bhavatīti sphuṭamavasīyate ||

nanu ca gopālāṅganājanaprasiddhametad agnerauṣṇyaṃ svabhāva iti | kiṃ khalu asmābhiruktaṃ na prasiddhamiti? etattu vayaṃ brūmaḥ- nāyaṃ svabhāvo bhavitumarhati svabhāvalakṣaṇaviyuktatvāt | avidyāviparyāsānugamāttu loko niḥsvabhāvameva bhāvajātaṃ sasvabhāvatvena pratipannaḥ | yathā hi (Pp_115) taimirikāḥ timirapratyayādasantameva keśādisvabhāvaṃ sasvabhāvatvenābhiniviṣṭāḥ, evamavidyātimiropahatamatinayanatayā bālā niḥsvabhāvaṃ bhāvajātaṃ sasvabhāvatvenābhiniviṣṭā yathābhiniveśaṃ lakṣaṇamācakṣate agnerauṣṇyaṃ svalakṣaṇam | tato 'nyatrānupalambhādasādhāraṇatvena svameva lakṣaṇamiti kṛtvā | bālajanaprasiddhayaiva ca bhagavatā tadevaiṣāṃ sāṃvṛtaṃ svarūpamabhidharme vyavasthāpitam | sādhāraṇaṃ tvanityatvādikaṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇamiti coktam | yadā tu vigatāvidyātimirāvadātaprajñācakṣuṣāṃ darśanamapekṣyate, tadā vitimiraiḥ taimirikopalabdhakeśādarśanavat bālajanamatiparikalpitānupalabdhasvabhāvairāryaiḥ pura ucyate parahitavyāpāraiḥ, nāyaṃ svabhāvo bhāvānāmiti | yathoktamāryalaṅkāvatārasūtre-

na svabhāvo na vijñaptirna ca vastu na cālayaḥ | bālairvikalpitā hyete śavabhūtaiḥ kutārkikaiḥ || iti |

tathā-

svabhāvānutpattiṃ saṃdhāya mahāmate mayā sarvadharmā anutpannā ityuktāḥ || iti vistaraḥ ||

atrāha- yadi khalu idamagnyāderauṣṇyādikaṃ hetupratyayasaṃbhūtatvena kṛtakatvānniḥsvabhāvamityucyate, kimidānīṃ tatsvabhāvasya lakṣaṇaṃ kaścāsau svabhāva iti vaktavyam | ucyate-

iha svo bhāvaḥ svabhāva iti yasya padārthasya yadātmīyaṃ rūpaṃ tattasya svabhāva iti vyapadiśyate | kiṃ ca kasyātmīyaṃ yadyasyākṛtrimam, yattu kṛtrimaṃ na tattasyātmīyaṃ tadyathā apāmauṣṇyam | yacca yasyāyattaṃ tadapi tadātmīyaṃ tadyathā sve bhṛtyāḥ, svāni dhanāni | yattu yasya parāyattaṃ na tattasyātmīyaṃ tadyathā tāvatkālikāyācitakamasvatantram | yataścaivaṃ kṛtrimasya parasāpekṣasya ca svabhāvatvaṃ neṣṭam, ata eva auṣṇyamagnerhetupratyayapratibaddhatvātpūrvaṃmabhūtvā paścādutpādena kṛtakatvānna svabhāva iti yujyate | yataścaitadevam, ato yadevāgneḥ kālatraye 'pyavyabhicāri nijaṃ rūpamakṛtrimam, pūrvamabhūtvā paścādyanna bhavati, yacca hetupratyayasāpekṣaṃ na bhavati apāmauṣṇyavat pārāvāravat dīrghahrasvavadvā, tat svabhāva iti vyapadiśyate | kiṃ khalu agneḥ taditthaṃ svarūpamasti? na tadasti, na cāpi nāsti svarūpataḥ | yadyapi evam, tathāpi śrotṛṇāmuttrāsaparivarjanārthaṃ saṃvṛtyā samāropya tadastīti brūmaḥ | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

anakṣarasya dharmasya śrutiḥ kā deśanā ca kā | śrūyate deśyate cāpi samāropādanakṣaraḥ || iti |

ihāpi ca vakṣyati-

yadi khalu tadadhyāropādbhavadbhirastītyucyate, kīdṛśaṃ tat? yā sā dharmāṇāṃ dharmatā nāma, saiva tatsvarūpam | atha keyaṃ dharmāṇāṃ dharmatā? dharmāṇāṃ svabhāvaḥ | ko 'yaṃ svabhāvaḥ? prakṛtiḥ | kā ceyaṃ prakṛtiḥ? yeyaṃ śūnyatā | keyaṃ śūnyatā? naiḥsvābhāvyam | kimidaṃ naiḥsvābhāvyam? tathatā | keyaṃ tathatā? tathābhāvo 'vikāritvaṃ sadaiva sthāyitā | sarvathānutpāda eva hyagnyādīnāṃ paranirapekṣatvādakṛtrimatvātsvabhāva ityucyate ||

etaduktaṃ bhavati- avidyātimiraprabhāvopalabdhaṃ bhāvajātaṃ yenātmanā vigatāvidyātimirāṇāmāryāṇāmadarśanayogena viṣayatvamupayāti, tadeva svarūpameṣāṃ svabhāva iti vyavasthāpyate | tasya cedaṃ lakṣaṇam- akṛtrimaḥ svabhāvo hi nirapekṣaḥ paratra ca | iti vyavasthāpayāṃbabhūvurācāryā iti vijñeyam | sa caiṣa bhāvānāmanutpādātmakaḥ svabhāva akiṃcittvena abhāvamātratvādasvabhāva eveti kṛtvā nāsti bhāvasvabhāva iti vijñeyam | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

atrāha- yadyapi svabhāvo nāsti bhāvānām, tathāpi parabhāvastāvadasti, tadapratiṣedhāt sati ca parabhāve svabhāvo 'pi bhaviṣyati | svabhāvamantareṇa parabhāvāprasiddheriti | ucyate-

iha svabhāva eva hi loke kaścitsvabhāvāntarāpekṣayā para iti vyapadiśyate | yadi hi agnerauṣṇyaṃ svabhāvaḥ syāt, dravasvabhāvasalilasāpekṣayā parabhāva iti vyapadiśyeta | yadā tu mumukṣubhirvicāryamāṇasya kasyacitsvabhāva eva nāsti, tadā kutaḥ paratvaṃ syāt? parabhāvācca svabhāvo 'pi nāsti iti siddham || 3 ||

atrāha- yadyapi svabhāvaparabhāvau na staḥ, tathāpi bhāvastāvadasti, apratiṣedhāt | sa ca bhāvo bhavan svabhāvo vā bhavet, parabhāvo vā | tasmātsvabhāvaparabhāvāvapi bhaviṣyata iti | ucyate-

bhāvo hi parikalpyamānaḥ svabhāvo vā bhavet, parabhāvo vā | tau ca pūrvoktavidhinā na staḥ, iti tayorabhāvādbhāvo 'pi nāstītyavadhāryatām || 4 ||

atrāha- yadyapi bhavatā bhāvaḥ pratiṣiddhaḥ, tathāpyabhāvo 'sti, pratiṣedhābhāvāt | tataśca bhāvo 'pi bhaviṣyati pratidvandvisadbhāvāt, abhāvavaditi | ucyate | syādbhāvaḥ, yadi abhāva eva syāt | na tvastītyāha-

iha hi yadi bhāvo nāma kaścidabhaviṣyat, syāttasyānyathābhāvādabhāvaḥ | ghaṭādayo hi vartamānāvasthāyāḥ pracyutāḥ santaḥ anyathābhāvamāpannāḥ abhāvadhvanivācyā bhavanti loke | yadā tvamī ghaṭādayo bhāvarūpatvenaivāsiddhāḥ, tadā kuto 'vidyamānasvabhāvānāmanyathātvamiti | ataḥ abhāvo 'pi nāsti || 5 ||

tadevaṃ sarvathā svabhāvaparabhāvabhāvābhāveṣu anupapadyamāneṣu avidyātimiropahatamatinayanatayā viparītam-

ye hi tathāgatapravacanāviparītavyākhyānābhimānitayā pṛthivyāḥ kāṭhinyaṃ svabhāvaḥ, vedanāyā viṣayānubhavaḥ, vijñānasya viṣayaprativijñaptiḥ svabhāvaḥ, ityevaṃ svabhāvaṃ bhāvānāṃ varṇayanti, anyadvijñānam, anyadrūpam, anyaiva ca vedanā, ityevaṃ parabhāvaṃ varṇayanti, vartamānāvasthaṃ ca vijñānādikaṃ bhāvatvena ye varṇayanti, vijñānādikameva ca atītatāmāpannamabhāva iti, na te paramagambhīrasya pratītyasamutpādasya tattvaṃ varṇayanti | yasmādyathoditopapattiviruddhaṃ svabhāvaparabhāvādīnāmastitvam, na copapattiviruddhaṃ padārthasvabhāvamanuvarṇayanti tathāgatāḥ | svayamaviparītāśeṣapadārthatattvasaṃbodhāt | ata eva buddhānāmeva bhagavatāṃ vacanaṃ pramāṇamityupavarṇayanti vicakṣaṇāḥ, sopapattikatvenāvisaṃvādakatvāt | ata eva ca āptebhyaḥ prahīṇāśeṣadoṣebhya āgatatvāt, āgamayatīti samantāt tattvaṃ gamayatīti vā, āmimukhyādgamanādvā tadāśrayeṇa lokasya nirvāṇagamanāt saṃbuddhavacanasyaiva āgamatvaṃ vyavasthāpyate | tadanyamatānāṃ tu upapattiviyuktatvānna prāmāṇyam, āgamābhāsatvaṃ ca vyavasthāpyate || 6 ||

yasmācca etāni svabhāvaparabhāvabhāvābhāvadarśanāni yuktividhuratvānna tattvāni, ata eva mumukṣūṇāṃ vineyajanānām-

uktaṃ hi bhagavatā āryakātyāyanāvavādasūtre-

yadbhūyasā kātyāyana ayaṃ loko 'stitāṃ vā abhiniviṣṭo nāstitāṃ ca | tena na parimucyate | jātijarāvyādhimaraṇaśokaparidevaduḥkhadaurmanasyopāyāsebhyo na parimucyate | pāñcagatikātsaṃsāracārakāgārabandhanānna parimucyate | mātṛmaraṇasaṃtāpaduḥkhānna parimucyate | pitṛmaraṇasaṃtāpaduḥkhāditi vistaraḥ ||

idaṃ ca sūtraṃ sarvanikāyeṣu paṭhayate | tadasmādāgamāt yathopavarṇitāyāścopapatternārhati prājñasvabhāvaparabhāvabhāvābhāvadarśanaṃ tathāgatavacanādatyantaviruddhamāsthātum | bhagavatā pratiṣiddhatvāt | kiṃviśiṣṭena bhagavatā? bhāvābhāvavibhāvinā | bhāvābhāvau vibhāvayituṃ śīlamasyeti bhāvābhāvavibhāvī | yathāvasthitabhāvābhāvāviparītasvabhāvaparijñānād bhāvābhāvavibhāvīti bhagavānevocyate | tena bhagavatā bhāvābhāvavibhāvinā yasmādastitvaṃca nāstitvaṃ ca ubhayametat pratiṣiddham, tasmānna yuktaṃ bhāvābhāvadarśanaṃ tattvamityāsthātum ||

tathā-

astīti kāśyapa ayameko 'ntaḥ | nāstīti kāśyapa ayameko 'ntaḥ | yadenayorantayormadhyam, tadarūpyamanidarśanamapratiṣṭhamanābhāsamaniketamavijñaptikam | iyamucyate kāśyapa madhyamāṃ pratipad bhūtapratyavekṣā iti ||

tathā-

astīti nāstīti vivāda eṣaḥ śuddhī aśuddhīti ayaṃ vivādaḥ | vivādaprāptyā na duḥkhaṃ praśāmyati avivādaprāptyā ca duḥkhaṃ nirudhyate || iti |

atrāha- yadi punarevamagnyādīnāṃ svabhāvata evāstitvaṃ syāt, ko doṣaḥ syāt? uktadoṣaḥ-

hetupratyayasaṃbhūtaḥ svabhāvaḥ kṛtako bhavet |

api ca | yadi ayameṣāmagnyādīnāṃ svabhāvaḥ syāt, tasya vidyamānasya sato na syāt punaranyathātvamiti pratipādayannāha-

yadyastitvaṃ prakṛtyā syānna bhavedasya nāstitā |

yadi agnyāderbhāvasya prakṛtyā svabhāvato 'stitvam, tadā asya svabhāvasya prakṛtyā vidyamānasya punaranyathātvaṃ na syāt | yasmāt-

yadi eṣāmagnyādīnāmiyameva prakṛtiḥ syāt, svabhāvaḥ syāt, tadā prakṛteravikāriṇītvānna kadācitpunaranyathābhāva upapadyeta | na hi ākāśasyānāvaraṇatvaṃ kadācidapyanyathātvaṃ pratipadyate | evamagnyādīnāmapi prakṛtyā vidyamānānāṃ punaranyathātvaṃ na syāt | upalabhate ca bhavāneṣāmanyathātvaprabandhoparamalakṣaṇaṃ vināśam | tasmādvipariṇāmadharmitvādapāmauṣṇyavat nāyameṣāṃ svabhāva iti pratīyatām || 8 ||

atrāha- yadi prakṛtyā vidyamānasyānyathātvāsaṃbhavādanyathātvasya ca upalabhyamānatvāt prakṛtireṣāṃ bhāvānāṃ nāstītyucyate, nanu ca evamapi-

prakṛtau kasya cāsatyāmanyathātvaṃ bhaviṣyati |

kasya idānīṃ prakṛtyā svarūpeṇāvidyamānasya khapuṣpasyeva anyathātvaṃ bhaviṣyati? tasmādavidyamānaprakṛtikasya anyathātvānupalambhāt, anyathātvasya ca darśanāt, astyeva svabhāva iti | ucyate | yadi tāvakena matena prakṛtyā svabhāvena asaṃvidyamānasya anyathātvābhāvād anyathātvasya ca darśanātprakṛtirityucyate, evamapi-

kasyedānīṃ prakṛtyā svabhāvena vidyamānasya vartamānasyaiva anyathātvaṃ bhaviṣyati? tasmāt prakṛtyā vidyamānasya anyathātvaṃ nāstīti sarvathā anyathātvāsaṃbhava eva | tataśca nāsti prakṛtirbhāvānāmioti vijñeyam || 9 ||

yaccāpyuktam- anyathātvasya darśanānnāsti prakṛtiriti, tadapi paraprasiddhayā anyathātvadarśanamadhikṛtyoktam, na tvasmābhiḥ kadācidapi kasyacidanyathātvamabhyupetam | tadevamatyantataḥ prakṛtāvasaṃvidyamānāyāṃ sarvadharmeṣu asaṃvidyamāneṣu asvabhāveṣu tadanyathātve ca asaṃvidyamāne yo hi idānīmastitvaṃ nāstitvaṃ ca bhāvānāṃ parikalpayati, tasya evaṃ parikalpayato niyatameva-

astīti śāśvatagrāho nāstītyucchedadarśanam |

prasajyata iti vākyaśeṣaḥ | taccaitat śāśvatocchedadarśanaṃ svargāpavargamārgāntarāyakaratvād yasmānmahānarthakaram,

kasmātpunarbhāvābhāvadarśane sati śāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅgo bhavatīti? yasmāt-

yat svabhāvena astītyucyate, svabhāvasyānapāyitvānna tat kadācidapi nāstīti, evaṃ bhāvasyāstitvābhyupagame sati śāśvatadarśanamāpadyate | pūrvaṃ ca vartamānāvasthāyāṃ bhāvasvarūpamabhyupetya idānīṃ tadvinaṣṭatvānnāstiti paścādabhyupagacchataḥ ucchedadarśanaṃ prasajyate | yasya tu bhāvasvabhāva eva nopapadyate, na tasya śāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅgaḥ, bhāvasvabhāvānupalambhāt ||

nanu ca bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo nāstītyabhyupagacchato mā bhūdbhāvadarśanābhāvācchāśvatadarśanam, ucchedadarśanaṃ tu niyataṃ prasajyate iti | naivamabhāvadarśanaṃ bhavati | yo hi pūrvaṃ bhāvasvabhāvamabhyupetya paścāt tannivṛttimālambate, tasya pūrvopalabdhasvabhāvāpavādāt syādabhāvadarśanam | yastu taimirikopalabdhakeśeṣviva vitaimiriko na kiṃcidupalabhate, sa nāstīti bruvan kiṃcinnāstīti brūyāt pratiṣedhyābhāvāt | viparyastānāṃ tu mithyābhiniveśanivṛttyarthamataimirikā iva vayaṃ brūmaḥ- na santi sarvabhāvāḥ iti | na caivaṃ bruvatāmasmākaṃ parahitavyāpāraparāyaṇānāmucchedadarśanaprasaṅgaḥ | yathoktaṃ sūtre-

yo hi bhagavan pūrvaṃ rāgadveṣamohabhāvābhyupagamaṃ kṛtvā paścānna santi rāgadveṣamohabhāvā iti bravīti, sa bhagavan vai nāstiko bhavati | iti vistaraḥ ||

yastu paratantracittacaittavastumātramabhyupetya tasya parikalpitasvabhāvābhāvādastitvadarśanaṃ pariharati, saṃkleśavyavadānanibandhanasya ca paratantravastumātrasadbhāvānnāstitvadarśanaṃ pariharati, tasya parikalpitasyāvidyamānatvāt paratantrasya ca vidyamānatvād astitvanāstitvadarśanadvayasyāpi upanipātāt kuto 'ntadvayaparihāraḥ? hetupratyayajanitasya ca sasvabhāvenāyuktatvapratipādanādayuktamevāsya vyākhyānam | tadevaṃ madhyamakadarśane eva astitvanāstitvadvayadarśanasyāprasaṅgaḥ, na vijñānavādidarśanādiṣviti | vijñeyam | ata evoktamāryaratnāvalyām-

tathāvidhavineyajanabodhānurodhāttu paramārthadarśanasya upāyabhūtatvāt neyārthatvena bhagavatā mahākaruṇāparatantratayā vijñānādivādo deśitaḥ sāṃmitīyapudgalavādavat, na nītārthaḥ iti vijñeyam | yathoktamāryasamādhirājabhaṭṭārake-

etacca āryākṣayamatinirdeśādiṣu vistareṇa boddhavyamiti | bhāvābhāvadarśanadvayaprasaṅgo yāvat tāvatsaṃsāra ityavetya mumukṣubhiretaddarśanadvayanirāsena sadbhirmadhyamā pratipad bhāvanīyā yathāvaditi | etaccoktaṃ bhagavatā-

bhāvānabhāvāniti yaḥ prajānatī sa sarvabhāveṣu na jātu sajjate | yaḥ sarvabhāveṣu na jātu sajjate sa ānimittaṃ spṛśate samādhim || iti |

tathā-

yāvanti śabdāstahi lokadhātau sarve hyabhāvā na hi kaści bhāvaḥ | tāvanti kho tasya tathāgatasya ravu niścarī lokavināyakasya || iti |

bhavatīti bhāvaḥ sattā | na vidyate sattā svabhāvaḥ sarvabhāvānāmityabhāvāḥ sarvadharmāḥ, śūnyāḥ sarvadharmā niḥsvabhāvayogeneti prajñāpāramitāpāṭhāt bhāvasvabhāvasyānupapatteḥ |

abhāva dharmāṇa ravo bhaviṣyati

ityādinā sūtrārtho 'vagantavyaḥ ||

yāvanti śabdāstahi lokadhātau sarve hyabhāvā na hi kaści bhāvaḥ | ityādi |

bhūtvā abhāvapratiṣedhavivakṣitatvād bhāvābhāvārtha eva svabhāvābhāvārthaḥ ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau svabhāvaparīkṣā nāma pañcadaśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

16 bandhamokṣaparīkṣā ṣoḍaśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāvaḥ, saṃsārasadbhāvāt | iha saṃsaraṇaṃ saṃsṛtiḥ gatergatyantaragamanaṃ saṃsāra ityucyate | yadi bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo na syāt, kasya gatergatyantaragamanaṃ saṃsāraḥ syāt? na hi avidyamānānāṃ vandhyāsūnusaṃskārāṇāṃ saṃsaraṇaṃ dṛṣṭam | tasmāt saṃsārasadbhāvāt vidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva iti | ucyate | syādbhāvānāṃ svabhāvaḥ, yadi saṃsāra eva bhavet | na tvasti | iha yadi saṃsāraḥ syāt, sa niyataṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ vā bhavet sattvasya vā? kiṃ cātaḥ? ubhayathā ca doṣa ityāha-

tatra yadi saṃskārāḥ saṃsarantīti parikalpyate, kiṃ te nityāḥ saṃsaranti uta anityāḥ? tatra na nityāḥ saṃsaranti niṣkriyatvāt, anityānāṃ ca ghaṭādīnāṃ sakriyatvopalambhāt | atha anityāḥ, ye hi akriyāḥ, te utpādasamanantarameva vinaṣṭāḥ | ye ca vinaṣṭāḥ, kutasteṣāmavidyamānatvādvandhyāsūnusaṃskārāṇāmiva kvacid gamanam? ityevamanityānāmapi nāsti saṃsāraḥ ||

athāpi syāt- anityā eva santo hetuphalasaṃbandhaparaṃparayā avicchinnakramāḥ saṃtānena ca pravartamānāḥ saṃskārāḥ saṃsarantīti | etadapi nopapadyate | kutaḥ? yat tāvadutpadyate kāryam, tasya saṃsāro nāsti, kutaścidanāgamanāt kvaciccāgamanāt | yacca kāraṇaṃ naṣṭam, tasyāpi saṃsāro nāsti, kutaścidanāgamanāt kvaciccāgamanāt | saṃskāramātravyatirekeṇa atītānāgatayorasiddhatvāt, naṣṭājātatvena avidyamānatvāt ||

uttarasmin kṣaṇe utpanne pūrvaḥ saṃsaratīti cet, yadi pūrvottarayoḥ kṣaṇayorekatvaṃ syāt, syādetadevam | na tu ekatvamasti kāryakāraṇabhāvāt, cakṣūrūpacakṣurvijñānānāṃ nāsti ca | kiṃ ca ekatve sati pūrvottarakṣaṇavācyataiva na syāt | na hi eko devadattaḥ ekadā pūrvaścottaraśceti vyapadiśyate | evamihāpi ekatvāt pūrvottarakṣaṇavyapadeśa eva na syāt | api ca pūrvakṣaṇo naṣṭa iti na syāduttarakṣaṇavadavyatiriktatvāt | uttarakṣaṇa utpanna iti na syāt, pūrvakṣaṇavadavyatiriktatvāt | atha anyatve sati saṃsaraṇaṃ syāt, evaṃ sati arhatāmapi saṃsaraṇaṃ syāt | anyasya pṛthagjanasya saṃsārotpattisadbhāvāt | nirvṛtaśca pradīpaḥ pradīpāntare jvalatīti syāt | kiṃ cānyat | naṣṭādvā pūrvakṣaṇāduttarasya kṣaṇasyodayaḥ syādanaṣṭānnaśyamānādvā? tatra yadi naṣṭādiṣyate, vahnidagdhādapi bījādaṅkurodayaḥ syāt, tataśca nirhetukaḥ syāt | atha anaṣṭāt, evamapi avikṛte 'pi bīje 'ṅkurodayaḥ syāt, kāryakāraṇayośca yaugapadyaṃ syāt, nirhetukaścotpādaḥ syāt | naśyamānāditi cet | naṣṭānaṣṭavyatirekeṇa naśyamānābhāvāt, naṣṭānaṣṭayośca (Pp_124) vihitadoṣatvānnaśyamānādapi nāstyutpattiriti, kutaḥ kāryakāraṇavyavasthā pūrvottarakṣaṇavyavasthā vā bhaviṣyati? yadā ca pūrvottarakṣaṇavyavasthā kāryakāraṇavyavasthā ca nāsti, tadā saṃtāno 'pi nāsti, tadabhāvānnāsti bhavatāṃ saṃsāra iti anityānāmapi saṃskārāṇāṃ nāsti saṃsāra iti ||

atraike varṇayanti- satyaṃ saṃskārā na saṃsaranti utpattividhuratvāt, kiṃ tarhi sattvaḥ saṃsaratīti | ucyate | sattve 'pyeṣa samaḥ kramaḥ | sattvaḥ saṃsaratītyucyamāne kimasau nityaḥ saṃsarati, uta anityaḥ, iti vicāryamāṇe ya eva saṃskārāṇāṃ saṃsaraṇānupapattikramaḥ, sa samatvātsattve 'pi samo nipatati | tasmātsattvo 'pi na saṃsarati || 1 ||

atrāha- naiva hi sattvasaṃskārāṇāṃ saṃsārānupapattikramaḥ samo bhavitumarhati, yasmādiha saṃskārāṇāṃ nityānityabhūtānāṃ saṃsaraṇaṃ nāstītyuktam | na caivamātmā nityānityabhūtaḥ | tasya hi skandhebhyastattvānyatvāvaktavyatāvat nityatvenānityatvenāpyavaktavyatā vyavasthāpyate | tasmādātmaiva saṃsaratīti na coktadoṣaprasaṅga iti | ucyate-

yadi pudgalo nāma kaścit syāt, sa saṃsaret | na tvasti | yasmāt skandhāyatanadhātuṣu pañcadhā mṛgyamāṇo nāsti | kathaṃ kṛtvā?

agnīndhanābhyāṃ vyākhyāta ātmopādānayoḥ kramaḥ ||

ityevaṃ skandhāyatanadhātusvabhāva ātmā na bhavati | nāpi tebhyo vyatiriktaḥ | na skandhāyatanadhātumān | na skandhāyatanadhātuṣvātmā | nātmani skandhāyatanadhātavaḥ | ityevaṃ pañcadhā mṛgyamāṇa ātmā na saṃbhavati pūrvoditena nyāyena | yaścedānīṃ skandhāyatanadhātuṣvevaṃ vicāryamāṇaḥ pañcadhā na saṃbhavati, sa kathamavidyamānaḥ san saṃsariṣyatīti? evamātmano 'pi nāsti saṃsāraḥ, vandhyāsutasyeva avidyamānatvāt || 2 ||

api ca | ayamātmā-

bhavatu kāmamātmanaḥ saṃsāraḥ, yadi anupādānasya sato 'sya saṃsāro yuktaḥ syāt | kathaṃ punarasya anupādānatā prasajyata iti pratipādayannāha-

upādānādupādānaṃ saṃsaran vibhavo bhavet iti |

iha hi manuṣyopādānāddevopādānaṃ gacchan parityajya vā manuṣyopādānaṃ devopādānaṃ gacchedaparityajya vā? yadi tāvatparityajya gacchatītyucyate, tadā pūrvopādānasya parityāgāduttarasya cānupādānāttadantarāle vibhavaḥ syāt | vigato bhavo vibhavaḥ | bhavaḥ pañcopādānaskandhāḥ, tadrahitaḥ syāt | yaśca vibhavo 'nupādānaḥ, sa skandharahitatvāt prajñaptyupādānakāraṇarahitatvānnirhetukaḥ syāt | yaśca anupādāno nirañjano 'vyakto nirhetukaḥ, kaḥ saḥ? na kaścit saḥ | nāstyeva sa ityarthaḥ | tasmiṃścāsati tadabhāvādeva upādānamapi nirupādātṛkaṃ nāstīti kiṃ saṃsariṣyati? nāstyeva tat, yatsaṃsariṣyatītyarthaḥ | athavā, kimityetat saṃsaraṇakriyāviśeṣaṇam | tataśca avidyamānatvāt naiva saṃsaraṇakriyāṃ kariṣyati | evaṃ tāvatpūrvopādānaparityāgena saṃsaraṇamayuktam | atha aparityāgena, tathāpi nopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? pūrvasyāparityāgāduttarasya ca grahaṇād yasmādekasyātmano dvayātmakatā syāt | na caitadiṣyata iti | tasmādaparityāgenāpi saṃsaraṇaṃ nāsti ||

atha pūrvottarayorbhavayormadhye āntarābhavikaskandhasaṃbhavāt, taiśca sopādānatvāt sopādānaṃ saṃsarato 'pi na vibhavatāprasaṅga iti | tadapi na yuktam, pūrvabhavaparityāgāparityāgābhyāmāntarāmavikaskandhasaṃsāre 'pi tulyaprasaṅgatvāt ||

yugapattyāgopādānādadoṣa iti cet, ucyate | kimekadeśena pūrvopādānaṃ tyajate ekadeśenāntarābhavopādānaṃ saṃcarati, atha sarvātmanā? tatra yadi avayaveneti parikalpyate, tadā dvayātmakatāprasaṅgādityuktadoṣaḥ | atha sarvātmanā, evamapi sa eva vibhavatāprasaṅga āpadyate | etāvāṃstu viśeṣaḥ yadantarābhavasaṃcāre 'tisāmīpyāt sūkṣmaṃ kālamanupādānaḥ syāt | na ca sarvātmanā ekasya padārthasya abhinnapadārthasya viṣaye yugapat tyāgopādāne dṛṣṭe | na hi ekasya devadattasya sarvātmanā gṛhādgṛhaṃ saṃcarataḥ ekadā tyāgopādānakriye dve saṃbhavataḥ | atha ekena pādena ekasya parityāgādaparasya copādānād yugapattyāgopādāne parikalpyete, nanu evaṃ sati pādadvayavad dvayātmakatā ātmanaḥ syāt | aṃśena pūrvatrāvasthānādaṃśena cottaratrāvasthānādanekāvayavatā prasajyeta | tasmād yaugapadyenāpi tyāgopādāne na saṃbhavataḥ ityaparihāra evāyam | tasmādantarābhavopādāne 'pi sa eva doṣaprasaṅga iti sarvathā ātmano 'pi nāsti saṃsāraḥ ||

atrāha- vidyata eva saṃsāraḥ, pratidvandvisadbhāvāt | iha yo nāsti, na tasya pratidvandvī vidyate, tadyathā vandhyāsūnoriti | asti ca saṃsārasya pratidvandvi nirvāṇam | tasmādasti saṃsāra iti | ucyate | syātsaṃsāraḥ, yadi tatpratidvandvi nirvāṇaṃ syāt | na tvastītyāha-

yadi nirvāṇaṃ nāma kiṃcit syāt, tat parikalpyamānaṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ nityānāṃ vā parikalpyeta anityānāṃ vā? tatra nityānāmavikāriṇāṃ kiṃ nirvāṇaṃ kuryāt? anityānāmapi asaṃvidyamānānāṃ kiṃ nirvāṇaṃ kuryāditi sarvaṃ pūrveṇa tulyam | na kathaṃciditi na kenāpi prakāreṇetyarthaḥ ||

atha sattvasya nirvāṇaṃ parikalpyate, tadapi nityasya vā anityasya vā pūrvavannopapadyate ||

atha nityānityatvenāvācyasya parikalpyate, nanvevaṃ sati nirvāṇe 'pyātmāstītyabhyupeta bhavati saṃsāra iva | api ca | sopādānasyaivātmanaḥ avācyatā yujyate | na ca nirvāṇe upādānamastīti kuto 'sya avācyatā? bhavatu vā tattvānyatvāvācyatā ātmanaḥ, api tu kimasau nirvāṇe 'sti uta nāsti? yadi asti, tadā mokṣe 'pi tasya sadbhāvānnityatā syāt | atha nāsti, tadā anitya ātmā syāt | tataśca tattvānyatvāvācyatāvannityānityatvenāpi ātmanaḥ avaktavyateti na syāt | atha nirvāṇe 'pi ātmanaḥ astitvanāstitvenāvācyataiva iṣyate, evamapi kimasau vijñeyaḥ, atha na? yadi vijñeyaḥ, na tarhi nirupādāno 'sāvātmā nirvāṇe vijñeyatvāt saṃsāra iva | atha na vijñāyate, tatrāsau avijñeyasvarūpatvāt khapuṣpavannāstyeveti kuto 'sya avācyatā? tadevaṃ nirvāṇamapi nāsti | tadabhāvānnāsti saṃsāra iti | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatyāmaṣṭasāhasrikāyām-

nirvāṇamapyāyuṣman subhūte māyopamaṃ svapnopamam | buddhadharmā āyuṣman subhūte māyopamāḥ svapnopamā ityādi | saceta kulaputra nirvāṇādapyadhikataro 'nyo dharmo 'bhaviṣyat, tamapyahaṃ māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadāmi ||

tathā āryasamādhirājabhaṭṭārake-

tathā-

atrāha- yadyapi tvayā saṃsāranirvāṇe pratiṣiddhe, tathāpi bandhamokṣau vidyete | na cāvidyamānasya bhāvasvabhāvasya bandhamokṣau saṃbhavataḥ | tasmād bandhamokṣasadbhāvād vidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva iti | ucyate | syādbhāvānāṃ svabhāvaḥ, yadi bandhamokṣāveva syātām | na tu staḥ ityāha-

iha ya ime rāgādayaḥ kleśāḥ baddhānāmasvatantrīkaraṇe bandhanamiti vyapadiśyate, yaiśca baddhāḥ pṛthagjanāḥ traidhātukaṃ nātikramantīti vyavasthāpyate, tadetadrāgādikaṃ bandhanatvena parikalpyamānamudayavyayadharmiṇāṃ tāvat kṣaṇikānāṃ saṃskārāṇāmutpādānantaradhvaṃsināṃ naṣṭānāmasattvānna saṃbhavati | rāgādibandhanavicchedalakṣaṇo 'pi mokṣaḥ anityānāṃ saṃskārāṇāmavidyamānatvānnaiva saṃbhavati | pūrvavat pūrvoktavidhinetyarthaḥ | yathā ca pūrvoktavidhinā saṃskārāṇāṃ bandhamokṣau na saṃbhavataḥ, evaṃ pūrvavadeva sattvo 'pi na badhyate nāpi mucyate, ityevaṃ bandhamokṣāvapi na staḥ || 5 ||

atrāha- yadyapi saṃskārāṇāṃ sattvasya vā bandho nāsti, tathāpi rāgādikamupādānākhyaṃ bandhanabhūtamasti, tatsadbhāvādbandho 'pi bhaviṣyatīti | ucyate | syādupādānam, bandhanaṃ yadi kaṃcitpadārthaṃ badhnīyāt, na tu badhnāti | yathā ca na badhnāti, tathā pratipādayannāha-

tatra vidyamānopādānaḥ sopādānaḥ, sa tāvadbhāvo na badhyate | yo hi sopādānaḥ, sa baddha eva | tasya punarapi bandhanayogaḥ kiṃ kuryāt? yaścāpi anupādānaḥ bandhanarahitaḥ, asāvapi bandhanarahitatvāt tathāgatavanna badhyate | anupādānaḥ bandhanarahitaḥ badhyata iti parasparaviruddhatvāccāyuktametat | yaścaivaṃ nirūpyamāṇaḥ sopādāno nirupādāno vā na badhyate, sa idānīṃ kimavastho badhyatām? nāstyevāsau kācidaparā asyāvasthā, yasyāṃ badhyetetyabhiprāyaḥ | yadā caivaṃ nirūpyamāṇaṃ bandhanaṃ na kaṃcidapi badhnāti, tadā kaṃcidapyabadhnata upādānasya rāgādeḥ kuto bandhanatvamiti | tasmād bandhanamapi nāsti || 6 ||

api ca |

badhnīyādbandhanaṃ kāmaṃ bandhyātpūrvaṃ bhavedyadi | na cāsti tat

iha bandhyavyatirekeṇa bandhanaṃ nigaḍādikaṃ pūrvasiddhaṃ sat bandhyaṃ devadattaṃ badhnātīti dṛṣṭam | evaṃ yadi bandhyebhyaḥ saṃskārebhyaḥ pudgalādvā bandhyātpūrvaṃ rāgādikaṃ bandhanaṃ siddhaṃ syāt, tena pūrvasiddhena bandhanaṃ syāt saṃskārāṇāṃ pudgalasya vā | taccaitanna saṃbhavati nirāśrayasya rāgādikasya asiddhatvāt | pūrvasiddhasya ca bandhanasya paścād bandhyena saha saṃbandhasya niṣprayojanatvāt | (Pp_128) bandhyasya ca bandhanātpṛthaksiddhasya pūvabandhanāpekṣāniṣprayojanatvācca nāsti bandhyādbandhanasya pūrvasiddhiḥ | tasmānnaiva bandhanaṃ kaṃcidapi badhnāti | na ca kaṃcidapyabadhnato bandhanatvaṃ yuktamiti nāsti bandhanam| bandhanābhāvācca bandhyo 'pi nāstīti siddham | yatpunaratra śeṣaṃ dūṣaṇaṃ tat-

iti veditavyam | ślokapāṭhaparivartanena-

atrāha- yadyapi bhavatā bandhanaṃ pratiṣiddham, tathāpi saṃsāracārakāgārāvabaddhānāmatrāṇānāṃ sattvānāṃ mahākāruṇikaistathāgataiḥ śīlasamādhiprajñātmakarakandhatrayopadeśo yadarthamuktaḥ, sa tāvanmokṣo 'sti | na ca abaddhasya puṃso mokṣaḥ | tasmād bandho 'pyastīti | ucyate | syādbandhayadi mokṣa eva syāt | ihāyaṃ mokṣaḥ parikalpyamānaḥ baddhasya vā parikalpyeta abaddhasya vā? kicātaḥ? ubhayathā ca na yujyata ityāha-

tatra baddhasya mokṣo na saṃbhavati baddhatvāt | atha baddhasya paścādupāyena mokṣa iti kṛtvā baddha eva mucyate iti syāt, na tarhi baddho mucyata iti vaktavyam, kiṃ tarhi mokṣyata iti | vartamānasāmīpyādeva mucyata iti cet, yadi kadācidapi mokṣaḥ saṃbhavet, tadā samīpe syāt yadā tu kasyāṃcidapyavasthāyāṃ mokṣe iṣyamāṇe baddhasya mokṣāsaṃbhavena mokṣābhāvaḥ pratipipādayiṣita tadā kuto vartamānasamīpatā? evaṃ tāvad baddho na mucyate iti sthitam ||

idānīmabaddho 'pi na mucyate | sa hi mukta eva | tasya punarapi mokṣaḥ kiṃ kuryāt | muktānāṃ cārhatāṃ punarapi mokṣāpekṣatvād baddhataiva syāt, tataścārhato 'pi bandhaḥ syāt ||

atha syāt- abaddhasya mokṣāsaṃbhavād baddha eva mucyate iti, evaṃ sati baddhe mucyamāne parikalpyamāne baddhatvānmucyamānatvācca yaugapadyena bandhamokṣaṇe syātām | na ca parasparaviruddhatvādālokāndhakāravadekasmin kāle bandhamokṣaṇe upapadyete | yataścaivaṃ baddhābaddhayormokṣāsaṃbhava, tasmānmokṣo 'pi nāsti, tadabhāvācca bandhanamapi nāstīti siddham ||

atrāha- yadi bhavataiva saṃsāranirvāṇe niṣiddhe, bandhamokṣau ca pratiṣiddhau, ya eṣa saṃsāravinirmumukṣūṇāmavidyāsāndrāndhakāravividhakudarśanakaṭhinātidīrghalatāsaṃchāditasatpathaṃ jātyādivividhā paryantavyasanāniṣṭataravipulavipākaphaladānuśayaviṣavṛkṣasaṃkulaṃ viṃśatiśikharasamunnatatarātipṛthusatkāyadṛṣṭimahāśailapariveṣṭitasarvadiṅmukhaṃ (Pp_129) viṣayasukhāśātipicchilavipulamahātaṭavivaravāhitṛṣṇānadīmahāparikhaṃ saṃsāramahāṭavīkāntāraṃ nistitīrṣūṇāṃ paramāśvāsakaraḥ kuśalo mahādharmacchandaḥ, kadā nu khalvahamanupādāno nirvāsyāmi, kadā nu me nirvāṇaṃ bhaviṣyatīti, nanu sa vyarthaka eva saṃjāyate, yaścāpyevamutpāditakuśalāmalavipuladharmacchandānāṃ kalyāṇamitrasaṃsevādānaśīlaśrutacintābhāvanādikramo nirvāṇaprāptaye, nanu tamyāpi vaiyarthyaṃ syāditi ucyate | yo hyevaṃ niḥsvabhāveṣu sarvabhāveṣu pratibimbamarīcikājalālātacakrasvapnamāyendrajālasadṛśeṣu ātmātmīyasvabhāvarahiteṣu viparyāsamātrānugamāt tāmeva satkāyadṛṣṭim ahaṃ mametyahaṃkāramamakārasamudācāraparigraheṇotpādya manyate-

ahamanupādānaḥ sarvopādānarahito nirvāsyāmi, mama caivaṃ pratipannasya nirvāṇaṃ bhaviṣyatīti, evaṃ yeṣāṃ mumukṣūṇāṃ grāho bhavati, nanu tadeva ahaṃkāramamakārākhyaṃ satkāyadṛṣṭayupādānameṣāṃ mahāgraho bhavati, na caivaṃvidhamahāgrahābhiniviṣṭānāṃ śāntiḥ saṃbhāvyate | niravaśeṣagrahaprahāṇenaiva mokṣāvāptaye yāvadahaṃmameti grāhābhiniveśaḥ, yāvacca nirvāṇaṃ nāma astīti grāhābhiniveśaḥ, yāvacca upādānatyāgābhiniveśaḥ, tāvanniyatameva anupāyena nirvāṇaṃ prārthayatāṃ sarva evārambhā vyarthā bhavanti | tasmānmumukṣuṇā sarvametat parityājyam | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā āryadhyāyitamuṣṭisūtre-

atha khalu bhagavān mañjuśriyaṃ kumārabhūtametadavocat- caturṇāmāryasatyānāṃ yathābhūtārthādarśanāccaturbhirviparyāsairviparyastacittāḥ satvāḥ evamimamabhūtaṃ saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | evamukte mañjuśrīḥ kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat- deśayatu bhagavān kasyopalambhataḥ sattvāḥ saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | bhagavānāha- ātmātmīyopalambhānmañjuśrīḥ sattvāḥ saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | tat kasya hetoḥ? yo hi mañjuśrīrātmānaṃ paraṃ ca samanupaśyati, tasya karmābhisaṃskārā bhavanti | bālo mañjuśrīraśrutavān pṛthagjanaḥ atyantāparinirvṛtān sarvadharmānaprajānānaḥ ātmānaṃ paraṃ ca upalabhate | upalabhya abhiniviśate | abhiniviṣṭaḥ san rajyate duṣyate muhyate | sa rakto duṣṭo mūḍhaḥ san trividhaṃ karma abhisaṃskaroti kāyena vācā manasā | saḥ asatsamāropeṇa vikalpayati- ahaṃ raktaḥ, ahaṃ dviṣṭaḥ, ahaṃ mūḍhaḥ iti | tasya tathāgataśāsane pravrajitasya evaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ śīlavān, ahaṃ brahmacārīti | ahaṃ saṃsāraṃ samatikramiṣyāmi | ahaṃ nirvāṇamanuprāpsyāmi | ahaṃ duḥkhebhyo mokṣyāmi | sa vikalpayati- ime kuśalā dharmāḥ, ime 'kuśalā dharmāḥ, ime dharmāḥ prahātavyāḥ, ime dharmāḥ sākṣātkartavyāḥ, duḥkhaṃ parijñātavyam, samudayaḥ prahātavyaḥ, nirodhaḥ sākṣātkartavyaḥ, mārgo bhāvayitavyaḥ | sa vikalpayati- anityāḥ sarvasaṃskārāḥ, ādīptāḥ sarvasaṃskārāḥ, yannvahaṃ sarvasaṃskārebhyaḥ palāyeyam | tasya evamavekṣamāṇasya utpadyate nirvitsahagato manasikāraḥ animittapurogataḥ | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- eṣā sā duḥkhaparijñā (Pp_130) yeyameṣāṃ dharmāṇāṃ parijñā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- yannvahaṃ samudayaṃ prajaheyam | sa ebhyo dharmebhya ārtīyate jehrīyate vitarati vijugupsate uttrasyati saṃtrasyati saṃtrāsamāpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- iyameṣāṃ dharmāṇāṃ sākṣātkriyā | idaṃ samudayaprahāṇaṃ yadidamebhyo dharmebhyo 'rtīyanā vijugupsanā | tasyaiva bhavati- nirodhaḥ sākṣātkartavyaḥ | samudayaṃ kalpayitvā nirodhe saṃjānāti | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- eṣā sā nirodhasākṣātkriyā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- yannūnamahaṃ mārgaṃ bhāvayeyam | sa eko rahogataḥ tān dharmān manasi kurvan śamathaṃ pratilabhate | tasya tena nirvitsahagatena manasikāreṇa śamatha utpadyate | tasya sarvadharmeṣu cittaṃ pratilīyate prativahati pratyudāvartate, tebhyaścārtīyate jehrīyate, anabhinandanācittamutpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- mukto 'smi sarvaduḥkhebhyaḥ | na mama bhūya uttariṃ kiṃcitkaraṇīyam | arhannasmi | ityātmānaṃ saṃjānāti | samaraṇakālasamaye utpattimātmanaḥ samanupaśyati | tasya kāṅkṣā ca vicikitsā ca bhavati buddhabodhau | sa vicikitsāpatitaḥ kālagato mahānirayeṣu prapatati | tatkasya hetoḥ? yathāpīdamanutpannān sarvadharmān vikalpayitvā tathāgate vicikitsāṃ vimatiṃ cotpādayati ||

atha khalu mañjuśrīḥ kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat- kathaṃ punarbhagavaṃścatvāri āryasatyāni draṣṭavyāni? bhagavānāha- yena mañjuśrīranutpannāḥ sarvasaṃskārā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena duḥkhaṃ parijñātam | yena asamutthitāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tasya samudayaḥ prahīṇaḥ | yena atyantaparinirvṛtāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena nirodhaḥ sākṣātkṛtaḥ | yena atyantaśūnyāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena mārgo bhāvitaḥ | yena mañjuśrīrevaṃ catvāri āryasatyāni dṛṣṭāni, sa na kalpayati na vikalpayati- ime kuśalā dharmāḥ, ime 'kuśalā dharmāḥ | ime dharmāḥ prahātavyāḥ, ime dharmāḥ sākṣātkartavyāḥ | duḥkhaṃ parijñātavyam | samudayaḥ prahātavyaḥ, nirodhaḥ sākṣātkartavyaḥ, mārgo bhāvayitavya iti | tatkasya heto? tathāhi sa taṃ dharmaṃ na samanupaśyati yaṃ parikalpayet | bālapṛthagjanāstu etān dharmān kalpayanto rajyanti ca dviṣanti ca muhyanti ca | sa na kaṃciddharmamāvyūhati nirvyūhati | tasya evamanāvyūhato 'nirvyūhataḥ traidhātuke citta na sajjati, ajāta sarvatraidhātukaṃ samanupaśyati || iti vistaraḥ || 9 ||

ata eva asmādāgamāt paramārthasatya ucyate-

yatra hi nāma paramārthasatye naivaṃ na nirvāṇasamāropaḥ na nirvāṇādhyāropaḥ saṃbhavati, anupalabhyamānatvāt, nāpi saṃsārāpakarṣaṇaṃ saṃsāraparikṣayo na saṃbhavati, kastatra saṃsāraḥ yo vikalpyate kṣayārtham, kiṃ vā tatra nirvāṇaṃ yatprāpyarthaṃ vikalpyate? athavā | yatra nirvāṇe kasyacit sattvasya saṃsārādapakarṣaṇamapanayanaṃ nirvāṇe ca samāropaṇaṃ prayatnavatāpi na śakyate kartuṃ saṃsāranirvāṇayorapyanupalabhyamānatvāt, tatra kiṃ nirvāṇaṃ vikalpyate? naiva hi kiṃcidvikalpayituṃ (Pp_131) yuktam | avikalpayataśca niyataṃ yathoditasaṃsārāṭavīkāntārātikramo nirvāṇapuraprāptiśca bhaviṣyatīti | ata evoktamāryamāradamanasūtre-

atha mañjuśrīḥ kumārabhūtaḥ tasyāṃ velāyāṃ tathārūpaṃ samanvāhāraṃ samanvāharati sma, yanmāraḥ pāpīyānindrakīlabandhanabaddho dharaṇītalaprapatitaḥ utkrośati sma- gāḍhabandhanabaddho 'smi | mañjuśrīrāha- asti pāpīyannetasmādbandhanādgāḍhataraṃ bandhanaṃ yena tvaṃ nityabaddho na punarbadhyase? tatpunaḥ katamat? yadidamasmimānaviparyāsabandhanaṃ tṛṣṇādṛṣṭibandhanam, idaṃ pāpīyan bandhanam | ato bandhanād gāḍhataraṃ bandhanaṃ na saṃvidyate | tena tvaṃ nityabaddho na punarbadhyase | peyālam | āha- kiṃ tvaṃ pāpīyannāttamanā bhūyāḥ yadi mucyethāḥ | āha- āttamanā bhaveyam, paramāttamanā bhaveyam ||

atha khalu suyāmo devaputro mañjuśriyaṃ kumārabhūtametadavocat- utsṛja mañjuśrīrmāraṃ pāpīyāṃsam | gacchatu svabhavanam | atha khalu mañjuśrīḥ kumārabhūto māraṃ pāpīyāṃsametadavocat- kenāsi pāpīyan baddho yadātmānamutsṛjasi? āha- na jāne mañjuśrīḥ- kenāsmi baddhaḥ iti | āha- yathā tvaṃ pāpīyan abaddho baddhasaṃjñī, evameva sarvabālapṛthagjanā anitye nityasaṃjñinaḥ, duḥkhe 'duḥkha saṃjñinaḥ, aśubhe śubhasaṃjñinaḥ, anātmani ātmasaṃjñinaḥ, arūpe rūpasaṃjñinaḥ, avedanāyāṃ vedanāsaṃjñinaḥ, asaṃjñāyāṃ saṃjñāsaṃjñinaḥ, asaṃskāre saṃskārasaṃjñinaḥ, avijñāne vijñānasaṃjñinaḥ | api tu khalu punaḥ pāpīyan, yastvaṃ mokṣyase, kuto mokṣyase? āha- nāhaṃ jāne kutaścinmokṣye | āha- evameva pāpīyan ye 'pi mokṣyante, nate kutaścidvimokṣyante, anyatra yā asau asadbhūtasaṃjñā | tāṃ parijānanti, tāṃ parijñāya vimuktā ityucyante || iti ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau bandhamokṣaparīkṣā nāma ṣoḍaśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

17 karmaphalaparīkṣā saptadaśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyata eva saṃsāraḥ, karmaphalasaṃbandhāśrayatvāt | yadi iha saṃtānāvicchedakrameṇa janmamaraṇaparaṃparayā hetuphalabhāvapravṛttyā saṃskārāṇāmātmano vā saṃsaraṇaṃ syāt, syāttadānīṃ karmaphalasaṃbandhaḥ | yathāvarṇite saṃsārābhāve tu utpattyanantaravināśitvāccittasya karmākṣepakāle ca vipākasyāsadbhāvāt karmaphalasaṃbandhābhāva eva syāt | saṃsārasadbhāve tu sati iha kṛtasya karmaṇe janmāntare 'pi vipākaphalasaṃbandhāt karmaṇāṃ phalasaṃbandho na virodhito bhavati | tasmādvidyata eva saṃsāraḥ karmaphalasaṃbandhāśrayatvāditi | kāni punastāni karmāṇi kiṃ vā tatphalamiti tatprabheda vivakṣayedamucyate-

tatra āhitaḥ utpāditaḥ ahaṃmāno 'sminnityātmā | skandhānupādāya prajñapyamānaḥ pudgalaātmetyucyate | cinoti upacinoti śubhamaśubhaṃ karma vipākadānasāmarthye niyamayatīti cetaḥ | cittaṃ manaḥ vijñānamiti tasyaiva paryāyāḥ | ātmānaṃ saṃyamayati viṣayeṣvasvatantrayati rāgādikleśavaśena pravṛttiṃ nivārayatītyātmasaṃyamakam | tadetadātmasaṃyamakaṃ kuśalaṃ cetaḥ prāṇātipātādiṣu pravṛttividhārakaṃ durgatigamanāddhārayatīti dharma ityucyate ||

dharmaśabdo 'yaṃ pravacane tridhā vyavasthāpitaḥ | svalakṣaṇadhāraṇārthena kugatigamanavidhāraṇārthena pāñcagatikasaṃsāravidhāraṇārthena | tatra svalakṣaṇadhāraṇārthena sarve sāsravā anāsravāśca dharmā ityucyante | kugatigamanavidhāraṇārthena daśakuśalādayo dharmā ityucyante |

dharmacārī sukhaṃ śete asmiṃlloke paratra ca ||

pāñcagatikasaṃsāragamanavidhāraṇārthena nirvāṇe dharma ityucyate, dharmaṃ śaraṇaṃ gacchatītyatra| iha tu kugatigamanavidhāraṇārthenaiva dharmaśabdo 'bhipretaḥ ||

kiṃ punarātmasaṃyamakamevaikaṃ cetaḥ dharma iti? netyāha | kiṃ tarhi parānugrāhakaṃ ca maitraṃ ca yaccetaḥ, asāvapi dharmaḥ | maitramityatra caśabdo luptanirdiṣṭo veditavyaḥ | tatra paramanugṛhṇātīti parānugrāhakaṃ cetaḥ, catuḥsaṃgrahavastupravṛttaṃ bhayaparitrāṇapravṛttaṃ ca yaccetaḥ, asāvapi dharmaḥ | mitre bhavamaviruddhaṃ sattveṣu yaccetaḥ, tanmaitraṃ cetaḥ | maitraṃ yaccetaḥ, tanmaitracetaḥ, maitramevaṃ vā | yaccaitat trividhaṃ ceto nirdiṣṭam, sa dharma ityucyate| viparyayādadharmo yojyaḥ ||

yaccaitannirdiṣṭaprabhedaṃ cetaḥ, tadbījaṃ phalasya | asādhāraṇaṃ phalābhinirvṛttau yatkāraṇam, tadeva bījamityucyate | tadyathā śālyaṅkurasya śālibījam | yattu sādhāraṇaṃ kṣityādi na tadbījaṃ kāraṇametat | yathaitadevam, ihāpi iṣṭasya vipākasyābhinirvṛttau trividhaṃ ceto bhavati bījam | puruṣakārādayastu kāraṇameva ||

kasmin punaḥ kāle bījasya phalaniṣpattirityāha- pretya ceha ca | pretyeti adṛṣṭe janmani, iheti dṛṣṭe janmanītyarthaḥ | etacca āgamādvistareṇa boddhavyam || 1 ||

evaṃ tāvat cittātmakamevaikaṃ dharmaṃ vyavasthāpya punarapi dvividhaṃ bhagavatā-

cetanā cetayitvā ca karmoktaṃ paramarṣiṇā |

paramārthadarśanādṛṣiḥ | paramaścāsau ṛṣiśceti paramarṣiḥ sarvākāratayā paramārthagamanāt śrāvakapratyekabuddhabhyo 'pi utkṛṣṭatvāt paramarṣiḥ saṃbuddho bhagavān | tena paramarṣiṇā cetanā karma, cetayitvā ca karmetyuktaṃ sūtre ||

yaccaitad dvividhaṃ karmoktam-

kathaṃ kṛtvā?

manasi bhavaṃ mānasam | manodvāreṇaiva niṣṭhāgamanāt kāyavākpravṛttinirapekṣatvācca manovijñānasaṃprayuktaiva cetanā mānasaṃ karmetyucyate | tatraśabdo nirdhāraṇe | yattu dvitīyaṃ cetayitvā ca karmetyuktam, tatpunaḥ kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ ca veditavyam | evaṃ ca evaṃ ca kāyavāgbhyāṃ pravartiṣye ityevaṃ cetasā saṃcintya yat kriyate, taccetayitvā karmetyucyate | tatpunardvividham, kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ ca | kāyavācorbhavatvāt taddvāreṇa ca niṣṭhāgamanāt | evaṃ ca trividham- kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ mānasaṃ ca || 3 ||

etadapi trividhaṃ karma punarbhidyamānaṃ saptavidhaṃ saṃjāyate, ityevaṃ tasya karmaṇo bhagavatā bahuprakāro bhedo 'nuvarṇitaḥ | kathaṃ kṛtvā?

tatra vyaktavarṇoccāraṇaṃ vāk | viṣpandaḥ śarīraṃceṣṭā | tatra kuśalākuśalā vā vāk sarvaiva viratyaviratilakṣaṇā vijñaptisamutthāpikā sāmānyena vāgiti gṛhyate | evaṃ kuśalo 'kuśalo vā viratyaviratilakṣaṇo vijñaptisamutthāpako viṣpandaḥ sāmānyena gṛhyate || yathā caitadvijñapterdvidhā bhedaḥ, (Pp_134) evamavijñapterapi | aviratilakṣaṇā avijñaptayaḥ viratilakṣaṇāśceti kṛtvā | tatra aviratilakṣaṇā avijñaptayaḥ tadyathā adyaprabhṛti mayā prāṇinaṃ hatvā cauryaṃ kṛtvā jīvikā parikalpayitavyeti pāpakarmābhyupagamātprabhṛti tadakāriṇo 'pi akuśalakarmābhyupagamahetukāḥ satatasamitamavijñaptayaḥ samupajāyante | kaivartādīnāṃca jālādiparikarmakālātprabhṛti tadakāriṇāmapi yā avijñaptaya upajāyante, tā etā aviratilakṣaṇā avijñaptaya ityucyante | yathā caitāstathā anyāḥ viratilakṣaṇāḥ kuśalasvabhāvā avijñaptayaḥ | tadyathā- adyaprabhṛti prāṇātipātādibhyaḥ prativiramāmīti kāyavāgvijñaptiparisamāptikālakṣaṇātprabhṛti taduttarakālaṃ pramattādyavasthasyāpi yāḥ kuśalopacayasvabhāvā avijñaptaya upajāyante, tā etā viratilakṣaṇā avijñaptaya ityucyante | etā rūpakriyāsvabhāvā api satyo vijñaptivat parānna vijñāpayantītyavijñaptayaḥ ||

tathā paribhogānvayaṃ puṇyam, kuśalamityarthaḥ | paribhogena anvayaḥ asyeti paribhogānvayam | paribhogaḥ parityaktasya vastunaḥ saṃghādibhirupabhogaḥ | anvayaḥ anugamaḥ | dāyakasaṃtānajaḥ kuśalopacaya ityarthaḥ ||

apuṇyaṃ ca tathāvidham, paribhogānvayamityarthaḥ | tadyathā devakulādipratiṣṭhāpanam, yatra sattvā hanyante | yathā yathā hi tatkīrtau prāṇino hanyante, tathā tathā taddevakulādyupabhogāt tatkartṛṇāṃ saṃtāne paribhogānvayamapuṇyamapi jāyate, ityevamapuṇyaṃ ca tathāvidhaṃ bhavati ||

cittābhisaṃskāramanaskarmalakṣaṇā cetanā ceti ||

saṃkṣepeṇa etatsaptavidhaṃ karma bhavati- kuśalākuśalā vāk, kuśalākuśalo viṣpandaḥ, kuśalamavijñaptilakṣaṇam, akuśalamavijñaptilakṣaṇam, paribhogānvayaṃ puṇyam, paribhogānvayamapuṇyam, cetanā ceti ||

atraike paricodayanti- yadetat karma bahuvidhamuktam, tat kimā vipākakālādavatiṣṭhate, atha na tiṣṭhati utpattyanantaravināśitvāt? yadi tāvat-

yadi utpannaṃ sat karma āvipākakālaṃ svarūpeṇāvatiṣṭhate iti parikalpyate, tad iyantaṃ kālamasya nityatā āpadyate vināśarahitatvāt | paścādvināśasadbhāvānna nityatvamiti cet, naitadevam, pūrvaṃ vināśarahitasya ākāśādivat paścādapi vināśena saṃbandhābhāvāt | vināśarahitasya ca asaṃskṛtatvaprasaṅgāt, asaṃskṛtānāṃ ca vipākādarśanāt, avipākatvena sadaivāvasthānāt nityatābhyupagama eva karmaṇāmupapadyate | ityevaṃ tāvannityatve doṣaḥ | atha utpādānantaravināśitvameva karmaṇāmabhyupetam, nanu evaṃ sati-

niruddhaṃ cenniruddhaṃ sat kiṃ phalaṃ janayiṣyati |

tatraike nikāyāntarīyāḥ parihāraṃ varṇayanti- utpattyanantaravināśitvātsaṃskārāṇām, anityatvadoṣastāvadasmākaṃ nopapadyate | yaccāpyuktam-

niruddhaṃ cenniruddhaṃ sat kiṃ phalaṃ janayiṣyati |

iti, atrāpi parihāraṃ brūmaḥ-

iha bījaṃ kṣaṇikamapi sat svajātīyabhāviphalaviśeṣaniṣpattisāmarthyaviśeṣayuktasyaiva saṃtānasya aṅkurakāṇḍanālapatrādyabhidhānasya hetubhāvamapyupagamya nirudhyate | yaścāyamaṅkuraprabhṛtirbījātsaṃtānaḥ pravartate, tasmāt krameṇa sahakārikāraṇavaikalye sati svalpādapi hetorvipulaphalapracaya upajāyate | ṛte bījāt vinā bījāt sa ca aṅkurādisaṃtānaḥ nābhipravartate | tadevaṃ tadbhāve bhāvitvena tadabhāve ca abhāvitvena bījahetukatvamaṅkurādisaṃtānasya phalasyopadarśitaṃ bhavati || 7 ||

tadevam-

yadi iha bījamaprasūya aṅkurādisaṃtānaṃ jvālāṅgārādivirodhipratyayasāṃnidhyānnirudhyeta, tadā tatra kāryasaṃtānapravṛttyadarśanāt syāducchedadarśanam | yadi ca bījaṃ na nirudhyeta, aṅkurādisaṃtānaśca pravarteta, tadā bījasyānirodhābhyupagamācchāśvatadarśanaṃ syāt, na caitadevam, ityato nāsti bījasya śāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅgaḥ || 8 ||

yathā ca bīje ayaṃ kramo 'nuvarṇitaḥ, evam-

tasmāt kuśalākuśalacetanāviśeṣasaṃprayuktāccittād yaḥ cittasaṃtānastaddhetukaḥ pravartate, tasmāt kuśalākuśalacetanāparibhāvitāccittasaṃtānāt sahakārikāraṇasaṃnidhānāvaikalye sati iṣṭamaniṣṭaṃ phalamupajāyate sugatidurgatiṣu | ṛte tu taccitāt cittamantareṇa sa ca nābhipravartate || 9 ||

tadevam-

yadi arhaccaramacittamiva taddhetuphalapāraṃparyāvicchinnakramavartino bhāvinaścittasaṃtānasya hetubhāvamanupagamya kuśalaṃ cittaṃ nirudhyeta, tadā ucchinnaṃ tatkarma syāt | athāpi anāgatasaṃtānasya hetubhāvamupagamya svarūpādapracyutaṃ syāt, syāttadānīṃ karma śāśvatam | na caitadevamiti | tasmāt kṣaṇikakarmābhyupagame 'pi nāsti ucchedaśāśvatadarśanadvayaprasaṅga iti || 10 ||

tadatra yathoditakarmaprabhedavyākhyāne daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā vyākhyātāḥ | te ca-

ta ete daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā dharmasya sādhanopāyā niṣpattihetubhūtā ityarthaḥ ||

kaḥ punarasau kuśalakarmapathavyatirikto dharmo nāma, yasyaite sādhanopāyatvena vyavasthāpyante? ucyate | cittaviśeṣa eva kaścit dharmaśabdenoktaḥ ||

ātmasaṃyamakaṃ cetaḥ parānugrāhakaṃ ca yat | maitraṃ sa dharmaḥ

ityanena | athavā | pariniṣṭhitarūpā ete daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā dharmaśabdavācyā bhavanti, kriyamāṇarūpāstu kuśalakarmapathavācyā bhavanti | tadasya uktalakṣaṇasya ete daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā niṣpattau hetutvena vyavasthāpyante | kathaṃ punaratra prakrānte karmavibhāge daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā iti? ucyate-

vāgviṣpando 'viratayo yāścāvijñaptisaṃjñitāḥ |

ityādinā kāyikāsrayaḥ karmapathāḥ vācikāścatvāro vyākhyātāḥ| cetanā cetyanena abhidhyāvyāpādasamyagdṛṣṭayākhyāsrayo mānasā vyākhyātāḥ | ityevaṃ daśāpi kuśalāḥ karmapathā atra vyākhyātāḥ | te ca yathoditasya dharmasya niṣpattihetavo bhavanti | asya ca dharmasya rūpaśabdagandharasaspraṣṭavyalakṣaṇāḥ pañca kāmaguṇāḥ | pretya ca adṛṣṭe paraloke ityarthaḥ, iha ceti ihaloke ityarthaḥ, phalamupabhujyate iti || 11 ||

evaṃ tāvadaikanikāyikairākṣepaparihāre varṇite sati, tān prati apare doṣamudbhāvya anyākṣepaparihāraṃ varṇayantaḥ āhuḥ-

yadi bījāṅkurasādharmyeṇa cittasaṃtāne śāśvatocchedadarśanadvayadoṣaprasaṅgaparihāraḥ syāt, tadā bahavaśca doṣāḥ saṃkhyābahutvena mahāntaśca dṛṣṭādṛṣṭavirodhena parapakṣe prāpruvanti | kathaṃ kṛtvā? yadi hi bījasaṃtānadṛṣṭāntena śālibījāt śālyaṅkurādisaṃtāna eva pravartate, na vijātīyaḥ, śālyaṅkurādisaṃtānācca śāliphalameva upajāyate, na bilvaphalam, bhinnajātīyatvāt, evamihāpi kuśalacittāt kuśalacittasaṃtāna eva syāt, samānajātīyatvāt, na akuśalāvyākṛtacittasaṃtānaḥ, vijātīyatvāt | evamakuśalāvyākṛtacittādakuśalāvyākṛtacittasaṃtāna eva syānnānyaḥ, bhinnajātīyatvāt | kāmarūpārūpyāvacarānāsravacittebhyaḥ sadṛśānāmeva cittānāṃ kāmarūpārūpyāvacarānāsravāṇāmutpādaḥ (Pp_137) syāt, na bhinnajātīyānām | manuṣyacittānmanuṣyacittameva syānna devanārakatiryagādyanyacittam | tataśca yo devaḥ sa deva eva syāt, yo manuṣyaḥ sa manuṣya eva syādityādi | tataśca akuśalamapi kurvatāṃ devamanuṣyāṇāṃ gatiyonivarṇabuddhīndriyabalarūpabhogādi vaicitryaṃ na syādapāyapatanaṃ ca | iṣyate caitatsarvamiti | evaṃ bahavaśca mahāntaśca doṣā yasmādbījasaṃtānasādharmyakalpanāyāṃ prasajyante, tasmānnaiṣā kalpanā atropapadyate || 12 ||

kā cāsau kalpanetyāha-

iha kuśalaṃ karma kṛtaṃ sat utpādānantarameva nirudhyate, na ca tasminniruddhe phalābhāvaprasaṅgaḥ | yasmād yadaiva tatkarma utpadyate, tadā etasya karmaṇo 'vipraṇāśo nāma viprayukto dharmaḥ kartuḥ saṃtāne samupajāyate ṛṇapatrasthānīyaḥ | tadevaṃ patraṃ yathā avipraṇāśaḥ tathā veditavyaḥ | yasya ca asau avipraṇāśākhyo dharma utpadyate, ṛṇamiva tatkarma veditavyam | yathā ca ṛṇapatrāvasthānāt prayukte 'pi dhane dhanino na dhananāśo bhavati, saṃbadhyata eva sa kālāntareṇa pañcamena dhanaskandhena, tathā vinaṣṭe 'pi karmaṇi avipraṇāśākhyadharmāntarāvasthānāt tannimittakena phalena abhisaṃbadhyata eva kartā | yathā ca ṛṇapatraṃ dāturdhanābhyāgamaṃ kṛtvā nirmuktaṃ sat punarapi vidyamānaṃ vā avidyamānaṃ vā na dhanābhyāgame samartham, evamavipraṇāśo 'pi dattavipākaḥ san vidyamāno vā avidyamāno vā na śaknoti nirmuktapatravat kartuḥ punarapi vipākasaṃbandhaṃ kartum ||

yaścāyamavipraṇāśo 'smābhiruktaḥ sūtrāntaroktaḥ, caturvidho dhātutaḥ sa kāmarūpārūpyāvacarānāsravabhedāt, prakṛtyā avyākṛtaśca saḥ | kuśalākuśalatvena avyākaraṇādavyākṛta evāvipraṇāśaḥ | yadi asau akuśalānāṃ karmaṇāmakuśalaḥ syāt, tadā kāmaṃ vītarāgāṇāṃ na syāt | yadi ca kuśalānām, kuśalaḥ syāt, samucchinnakuśalamūlānāṃ sa na syāt | tasmāt prakṛtyavyākṛta evāsau || 14 ||

kiṃ ca |

prahāṇato na praheyo bhāvanāheya eva vā |

sa cāyamavipraṇāśaḥ prahāṇato na praheyaḥ | pārthagjanikāni karmāṇi darśanamārgeṇaiva prahīyante mā bhūdāryaḥ pṛthagjanakarmasamanvāgata iti | avipraṇāśastu tatkarmaprahāṇe 'pi darśanamārgeṇa na prahīyate, kiṃ tu bhāvanāmārgeṇa vā tasyā prahāṇaṃ bhavati | dhātusamatikramaṇapraheya eveti vāśabdo vikalpārthaḥ ||

yataścaivamavipraṇāśaḥ karmavināśe 'pi na naśyati, karmaprahāṇe 'pi na prahīyate,

yadi punarapi asya avipraṇāśasya karmaṇaḥ prahāṇena prahāṇātprahāṇataḥ prahāṇaṃ syāt karmaṇaśca saṃkrameṇa karmaṇo vināśena karmāntarasaṃmukhībhāvena vināśaḥ syāt, ko doṣaḥ syāditi? ucyate-

yadi darśanamārgeṇa pārthagjanikakarmavadavipraṇāśaḥ prahīyeta, tadā karmaṇo vināśa eva syāt | karmavināśācca āryāṇāmiṣṭāniṣṭakarmaphalavipākaḥ pūrvakarmaphalahetuko na syāt | akṛtasyaiva karmaṇaḥ phalodayaḥ syāt | karmaphalābhāvadarśanācca mithyādarśanaṃ syāditi | evaṃ karmavadhādayo doṣāḥ prasajyante prahāṇataḥ praheyatvābhyupagame sati avipraṇāśasya | evaṃ karmaṇaḥ saṃkrame 'pi yojyam || 16 ||

bhinnajātīyāni karmāṇi viṣabhāgāni | sadṛśāni sabhāgāni | teṣāṃ sarveṣāmeva sabhāgānāṃ ca viṣabhāgānāṃ ca karmaṇāṃ kāmarūpārūpyadhātupratisaṃdhiṣu sarvakarmāpamardanaḥ eka eva avipraṇāśa utpadyate | sa cāpi sadhātūnāṃ samānadhātukānāmeva utpadyate na viṣabhāgadhātukānām || 17 ||

sa cāyamavipraṇāśākhyo dharmaḥ sarvasyaiva karmaṇaḥ cetanācetayitvāsvabhāvasya sāsravānāsravabhedena vā dviprakārabhinnasya dṛṣṭe dharme ihaiva janmani karmaṇaḥ karmaṇaḥ ekaiko 'vipraṇāśa utpadyate | sa cāyamavipraṇāśo vipakke 'pi vipāke nāvaśyaṃ nirudhyate, nirbhuktapatravacca vidyamāno 'pi san na śaknoti punarapi vipaktum || 18 ||

tatra phalavyatikramānnirudhyate | yathoktam- bhāvanāheya eveti | maraṇānnirudhyate | yathoktam-

pratisaṃdhau sadhātūnāmeka utpadyate tu saḥ | iti |

tadevam-

yasmāt karma kṛtaṃ sat nirudhyate, na svabhāvenāvatiṣṭhate, tasmāt karmaṇaḥ svabhāvenāvasthānāt śūnyatā copapadyate | na caivaṃ karmaṇo 'navasthānāducchedadarśanaprasaṅgaḥ, avipraṇāśaparigraheṇa karmavipākasadbhāvāt | vipākābhāve hi karmaṇaḥ ucchedadarśanaṃ syāt | avipraṇāśadharmasadbhāvāt (Pp_139) bījasaṃtānasādharmyaparikalpanābhāvācca nānāgatijātiyonidhātubhedabhinnaśca pāñcagatikaḥ saṃsāro vicitraḥ siddho bhavati | na ca śāśvatavādaprasaṅgaḥ, karmaṇaḥ svarūpeṇāvasthānānabhyupagamāt | karmaṇāṃ ca avipraṇāśaḥ, avipraṇāśasadbhāvāt, iti | evaṃ niravaśeṣāvidyānidrāpagamādvibuddhena bhagavatā yasmādayaṃ dharmo deśitaḥ, tasmād yatpūrvaṃmuktaṃ pareṇa-

tadasmatpakṣe nopapadyate iti | tasmādasmābhirupavarṇitakalpanaiva nyāyyā iti || 20 ||

atrocyate- kimiha bhavanto gandharvanagaraprākārapatanātiśaṅkitayā atīvodvignāḥ tatparirakṣāpariśramāyāsamāpannāḥ, ye nāma yūyaṃ karmaṇyanupapadyamāne tatphalanimittaṃ vipravadadhvam? yadi hi karmaṇaḥ svarūpeṇaivotpādaḥ syāt, tasya āvipākamavasthānānnityatvaṃ syāt, vināśāducchedaḥ syāt | yadā tu karma naivotpadyate svabhāvaśūnyatvāt, tadā tasya kuto 'vasthānaṃ vināśo vā, yata eṣā cintā syāt? atrāha-

karma notpadyate kasmāt

ācārya āha-

niḥsvabhāvaṃ yatastataḥ |

yasmānniḥsvabhāvaṃ karma tasmānnotpadyate | yadi khalvevaṃ niḥsvabhāvatvātkarma notpadyate, tat kathamevamuktaṃ bhagavatā-

ucyate-

ityevaṃ bhagavato 'bhiprāya iti | ato nāyamasmākaṃ bādhako vidhiriti |21 ||

avaśyaṃ caitadevaṃ vijñeyam- niḥsvabhāvaṃ karmeti | anyathā hi-

yadi hi karma svabhāvataḥ syāt, muktasaṃśayaṃ tacchāśvataṃ syāt, svabhāvasyānyathābhāvābhāvāt | tataśca akṛtameva karma bhavet | kartuḥ svatantrasya kriyayā yadīpsitatamaṃ tatkarma | etacca na yujyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt kriyate na hi śāśvatam | śāśvataṃ hi nāma tad yadvidyamānasattākam | yacca vidyamānaṃ tasya karaṇānupapatteḥ tannaiva kāraṇamapekṣata iti || 22 ||

śubhāśubhe karmaṇi akṛta eva sakalasya lokasya vipāko yasmāt, tataśca-

yadi hi akṛtaṃ karma bhavet, tadā akṛtābhyāgamabhayaṃ syāt | yenāpi hi prāṇātipātādikaṃ na kṛtam, tasyāpi akṛtamapi sat tat karma astyeveti tenāpyasya saṃbandhādakṛtābhyāgamabhayaṃ syāt | abrahmacaryavāsaśca tatra pakṣe prāpnoti | kiṃ kāraṇam? pariśuddhabrahmacaryavāsānna kasyacinnirvāṇena bhavitavyaṃ syāt || 23 ||

kiṃ cātaḥ?

ye hi ete kṛṣivāṇijyagorakṣādayaḥ kriyārambhāḥ phalārthamārabhyante, teṣāṃ sarveṣāmakṛtānāmeva vidyamānatvāt prārambhavaiyarthyaṃ syāt | ghaṭaṃ kuru, paṭaṃ kuru, ityevamādayaśca sarva eva laukikavyavahārā virudhyante, ghaṭādīnāṃ sarveṣāmeva vidyamānatvāt | puṇyakṛdayam, pāpakṛdayam, iti ca pravibhāgo na prāpnoti, ubhayorapi puṇyapāpakṛtoḥ akṛtayorapi puṇyapāpayoḥ pratyekaṃ vidyamānatvāt || 24 ||

kiṃ ca-

vipakvavipākasyāpi karmaṇaḥ punarvipākadānamāpadyate svarūpādapracyutatvāt, avipakvavipākāvasthāyāmiva | tadevaṃ yadi karma svābhāvikamiti manyase, yasmāt tatkarma vyavasthitamasti tasmānniḥsaṃśayaṃ yathopavarṇitā doṣāḥ prāpnuvanti sasvabhāvatve | tasmānniḥsvabhāvaṃ karma, yataśca niḥsvabhāvaṃ karma, tasmācchāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅgo naivāsmākamevaṃ vyācakṣamāṇānāmāpadyate iti || 25 ||

atrāha- vidyata eva svabhāvataḥ karma, tatkāraṇasadbhāvāt | iha yannāsti, na tasya kāraṇamasti [kūrma] romakūpaprāvārasyeva | asti ca karmaṇaḥ kāraṇaṃ kleśāḥ | avidyāpratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ, ..... upādānapratyayo bhavaḥ, iti vacanāt | tasmādvidyata eva karma svabhāvataḥ iti | ucyate | ayuktameva | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt-

ihedaṃ karma kleśātmakaṃ kleśahetukam | te ca kleśāstattvato na santi | vakṣyati hi-

śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya ye | te svabhāvānna vidyante tasmātkleśā na tattvataḥ || iti |

atrāha- vidyanta eva kleśā karmāṇi ca, tatkāryasadbhāvāt | iha hi kleśakarmaṇāṃ dehākhyaṃ kāryamupalabhyate | yasya ca kāryamupalabhyate tadasti, avidyamānasya khapuṣpādeḥ kāryādarśanāt iti | ucyate | syuḥ kleśāḥ karmāṇi ca, yadi tatkāryaṃ dehā vidyeran | na tu vidyante ityāha-

yathā karma kleśāśca śūnyāḥ, tathā pratipāditam | tataśca karma kleśā yadā na santi, tadā tatkāryāṇāṃ dehānāmasattve kā kathā bhaviṣyati? nāstitvaṃ teṣāṃ pūrvameva siddhaṃ yasmāt, tasmānnānna kaścidvaktavyaviśeṣo 'stītyabhiprāyaḥ || 27 ||

atrāha- vidyata eva svabhāvataḥ karma, tatphalabhoktṛsadbhāvāt | yannāsti, na tasya phalopabhoktāsti, tadyathā gaganacūtaphalasyeti | asti ca karmaṇaḥ phalopabhoktā-

tatra avidyā ajñānaṃ tamaḥ saṃmoha iti paryāyāḥ | avidyayā nivṛtaśchāditaḥ | pāñcagatikasaṃsāre punaḥ punarjāyata iti jantuḥ | sattvaḥ pudgalaḥ prāṇīti tasyaiva paryāyāḥ | tṛṣṇā rāgaḥ saktirvisaktiśceti paryāyāḥ | saṃyojanaṃ bandhanam | tṛṣṇā saṃyojanamasyeti tṛṣṇāsaṃyojanaḥ tṛṣṇābandhana ityarthaḥ | yathoktaṃ sūtre- avidyānivṛtāḥ sattvāstṛṣṇāsaṃyojanāḥ iti | atha ca punaridaṃ pāpaṃ karma svayameva kṛtam, asya svayameva vipākaḥ pratyanubhavitavyaḥ iti vacanāt | sa ca bhoktā karmaphalasya | sa ca na karturanyaḥ, na ca sa eva saḥ | tattvānyatvāvācyatvāt | tasmāt phalopabhoktṛsadbhāvādastyeva karmeti || 28 ||

atrocyate- syātkarmaṇaḥ kartā karmaphalasya copabhoktā yadi karmaiva syāt | na tvasti | kathaṃ kṛtvā?

yadi karma nāma kiṃcitsyāt, tat pratyayasamutpannaṃ vā bhavet, apratyayasamutpannaṃ vā? yadi tāvat pratyayasamutpannamiṣyate, tanna yuktam, pratyayaparīkṣāyāmuktadoṣatvāt | atha apratyayajanitaṃ nirhetukam, tadapi- hetāvasati kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ ca ityādinā karmakārakaparīkṣāyāṃ vistareṇa pratipāditam | yataścaivaṃ pratyayasamutpannaṃ vā apratyayasamutpannaṃ vā karmedaṃ na saṃbhavati, tasmādasya karmaṇaḥ kartāpi na saṃbhavati | yadā caivaṃ karma ca kartā ca nāsti, tadā nirhetukaṃ karmajaṃ phalaṃ kuto bhaviṣyatīti, asati ca phale kuta eva phalabhoktā bhaviṣyatīti, sarvametat svabhāvato 'saṃvidyamānameveti vijñeyam ||

atrāha- yadi evaṃ naiḥsvābhāvyaṃ bhāvānāṃ vyavasthāpitaṃ bhavati, yattarhi etaduktaṃ bhagavatā- svayaṃ kṛtasya karmaṇaḥ svayameva vipākaḥ pratyanubhavitavyaḥ iti, tadetat sarvamamunā nyāyena apākṛtaṃ bhavati | karmaphalāpavādācca pradhānanāstiko bhavāniti | ucyate | na vayaṃ nāstikāḥ | astitvanāstitvadvayavādanirāsena tu vayaṃ nirvāṇapuragāminamadvayapathaṃ vidyotayāmaḥ | na ca karmakartṛphalādikaṃ nāstīti brūma, kiṃ tarhi niḥsvabhāvametaditi vyavasthāpayāmaḥ | atha manyase- niḥsvabhāvānāṃ bhāvānāṃ vyāpārakaraṇānupapatteḥ tadavastha eva doṣa iti, etadapi nāsti | sasvabhāvānāmeva vyāpārādarśanāt | niḥsvabhāvānāmeva vyāpāradarśanāt | tathāhi niḥsvabhāvā eva santo ghaṭādayaḥ loke svakāryakṛt upalabhyante || 30 ||

api ca | amuṣmād dṛṣṭāntāt spaṣṭatarādayamartho 'vasīyatām-

tadyathā- ekaṃ nirmitakaṃ śāstā buddho bhagavān ṛddhisaṃpadā ṛddhiprabhāveṇa nirmimīta, sa cāpi nirmitakaḥ punaḥ yo 'yaṃ buddhena bhagavatā nirmitaḥ, sa punarbhūyo 'nyamaparaṃ nirmitakaṃ nirmimīta | tatra ya eṣa nirmitakaḥ aparasya nirmitakasya nirmātā, sa śūnyaḥ niḥsvabhāvaḥ, tathāgatasvabhāvarahita ityarthaḥ | yaścāyamaparo nirmitakaḥ, yonirmitakena nirmitaḥ, asāvapi śūnyo nisvabhāvaḥ, tathāgatasvabhāvarahita ityarthaḥ | yathātra niḥsvabhāvānāṃ nisvabhāvakāryakṛttvaṃ karmakartṛvyapadeśaśca bhavati,

yo hyatra karmaṇaḥ kartā sa nirmitakākāraḥ svabhāvaśūnyaḥ | tena ca svabhāvaśūnyena svatantrakartrā yat kiṃcit karma kriyate, tadapi svabhāvaśūnyam | tadyathā nirmitakena anyo nirmitako nirmitaḥ tathā veditavyam | yathoktamāgame-

tasmādadvayavādināṃ mādhyamikānāṃ kuto mithyādarśanam? uktaṃ ca āryasamādhirāje-

prāṇiśatasahasra taṃ śruṇitvā praṇidadhayiṃsu varāgrabuddhajñāne | Note: Pp_143 kada vaya labhi jñānamevarūpaṃ āśaya jñātva jino 'sya vyākaroti ||

dharma daśabalaprabhāṣite 'tra marumanujāna viśuddha bhoti cakṣuḥ |

ityādi |

ityādi vistaraḥ ||

tathā āryavimalakīrtinirdeśe-

tannirmitabodhisattvena gandhasugandhāyāṃ lokadhātau samantabhadratathāgatopabhuktaśeṣaṃ bhojanamānītaṃ nānāvyañjanakhādyādisaṃprayuktaṃ pṛthakpṛthagvividharasamekabhojanena sarvaṃ tacchrāvakabodhisattvasaṃgharājarājāmātyapurohitāntaḥ puradauvārikasārthavāhādijanapadaṃ saṃtarpya prītyākāraṃ nāma mahāsamādhiṃ lambhayāmāsa | iti ||

vinaye ca paṭhayate-

pāpabhikṣurapratirūpako bhagavatā bhikṣurabhinirmitaḥ | tadvacanena śīlavato 'pi viśuddhipratijñāsaṃvāsaḥ prajñaptaḥ iti || 32 ||

na ca kevalaṃ nirmāṇadṛṣṭāntena naiḥsvabhāvyadarśanamupapadyamānarūpam, api ca amībhyo dṛṣṭāntebhyaḥ sphuṭaṃ naiḥsvabhāvyaṃ bhāvānāṃ pratīyatāmiti pratipādayannāha-

tatra kleśā rāgādayaḥ, kliśnanti sattvacittasaṃtānānīti kṛtvā | karmāṇi kuśalākuśalāneñjyāni | dehāḥ śarīrāṇi | kartāraḥ ātmānaḥ | phalāni vipākādhipatyaniṣyandādīni | ta ete kleśādayo 'rthāḥ gandharvanagarādivanniḥsvabhāvāḥ veditavyāḥ | tasmānmādhyamikānāmeva bhāvānāṃ svabhāvānabhyupagamācchāśvatocchedadarśanadvayaprasaṅgo nāstīti vijñeyam ||

atra ca karmaphalasaṃbandhavicāre kucodyaśeṣākṣepaparihāro madhyamakāvatārādvistareṇāvaseyaḥ ||

yathoktamāryaratnakūṭasūtre-

pañca ca bhikṣuśatāni dhyānalābhīni utthāyāsanebhyaḥ prakrāntāni imāṃ gambhīrāṃ dharmadeśanāmanavabudhyamānāni anavataranti anavagāhamānāni anadhimucyamānāni | bhagavānāha- tathā hyete kāśyapa bhikṣavaḥ ābhimānikāḥ imāmanāsravāṃ śīlaviśuddhiṃ nāvataranti nāvagāhante nādhimucyante uttrasyanti saṃtrasyanti saṃtrāsamāpadyante | gambhīraḥ kāśyapa gāthābhinirhāro gambhīrā ca buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ bodhiḥ | sā na śakyā anavaropitakuśalamūlaiḥ sattvaiḥ pāpamitraparigṛhītairanadhimuktibahulairadhimoktum | api ca | etāni kāśyapa pañca bhikṣuśatāni kāśyapasya tathāgatasya pravacane 'nyatīrthikaśrāvakā abhūvan | taireva tasya kāśyapasya tathāgatasyāntikādupālambhābhiprāyaireṣā dharmadeśanā śrutā | śrutvā ca ekacittaprasādo labdhaḥ | evaṃtairvāg bhāṣitā- āścaryaṃ yāvat madhurapriyamāṇī kāśyapastathāgato 'rhan samyaksaṃbuddha iti | ta etenaikacittaprasādena pratilabdhena kālagatāḥ trāyastriṃśeṣu deveṣūpapannāḥ | te tataścyutāḥ samānāḥ ihopapannāḥ | tenaiva ca hetunā iha mama śāsane pravrajitāḥ | tānyetāni kāśyapa pañca bhikṣuśatāni dṛṣṭipraskandhāni imāṃ gambhīrāṃ dharmadeśanāṃ nāvataranti nāvagāhante nādhimucyante uttrasyanti saṃtrasyanti saṃtrāsamāpadyante kṛtaṃ punareṣāmanayā dharmadeśanayā parikarma | na bhūyo durgativinipātaṃ gamiṣyanti | ebhireva ca skandhaiḥ parinirvāsyanti ||

atha khalu bhagavānāyuṣmantaṃ subhūtimāmantrayate sma- gaccha subhūte, etān bhikṣūn saṃjñapatha | subhūtirāha- bhagavata eva tāvadete bhāṣitaṃ vilomayanti, kaḥ punarvādo mama? atha bhagavāṃstasyāṃ velāyāṃ yena mārgeṇaite bhikṣāvo gacchanti sma, tasmin mārge drau bhikṣū nirmimīte sma | atha tāni pañca bhikṣuśatāni yena mārgeṇa tau dvau bhikṣū nirmitakau tenopasaṃkrāmanti sma | upasaṃkramya etadavocan- kutra āyuṣmantau gamiṣyathaḥ? tāvavocatām- gamiṣyāva āvāmaraṇyāyataneṣu | tatra dhyānasukhasaṃsparśavihārairvihariṣyāvaḥ || ..... tānyapi pañca bhikṣuśatānyetadavocan- vayamapyāyuṣmantau bhagavato dharmadeśanāṃ nāvatarāmo nāvagāhāmahe nādhimucyāmahe uttrasyāmaḥ saṃtrasyāmaḥ saṃtrāsamāpadyāmahe | tena vayamaraṇyāyataneṣu dhyānasukhasaṃsparśavihārairvihariṣyāma iti | nirmitakāvavocatām- tena hi āyuṣmantaḥ saṃgāsyāmo na vivadiṣyāmaḥ | avivādaparamo hi śramaṇadharmaḥ | yadidamāyuṣmanta ucyate parinirvāṇamiti, katamaḥ sa dharmo yaḥ parinirvāsyati? kaścitpunaratra kāyaḥ ātmā vā sattvo vā jīvo vā janturvā poṣo vā puruṣo vā pudgalo vā manujo vā mānavo va, yaḥ parinirvāsyati? kasya vā kṣayāt parinirvāṇam? te 'vocan rāgadveṣamohakṣayāt parinirvāṇam | nirmitakāvavocatām- kiṃ punarāyuṣmatāṃ saṃvidyante rāgadveṣamohā yān kṣayiṣyatha? te 'vocan- na te adhyātmaṃ na bahirdhā nobhayamantareṇopalabhyante, nāpi te aparikalpitā utpadyante .... |

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau karmaphalaparīkṣā nāma saptadaśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

18 ātmaparīkṣā aṣṭādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- yadi kleśāḥ karmāṇi ca dehāśca kartāraśca phalāni ca sarvametanna tattvam, kevalaṃtu gandharvanagarādivadattatvameva sat tattvākāreṇa pratibhāsate bālānām, kiṃ punaratra tattvam, kathaṃ vā tattvasyāvatāraḥ iti? ucyate | ādhyātmikabāhyāśeṣavastvanupalambhena adhyātmaṃ bahiśca yaḥ sarvathā ahaṃkāramamakāraparikṣayaḥ, idamatra tattvam | tattvāvatāraḥ punaḥ-

ityādinā madhyamakāvatārādvistareṇāvaseyaḥ | kāyadṛṣṭimūlakameva saṃsāramanupaśyan ātmānupalambhācca satkāyadṛṣṭiprahāṇaṃ tatprahāṇācca sarvakleśavyāvṛttiṃ samanupaśyan prathamataramātmānamevopaparīkṣate, ko 'yamātmā nāmeti, yo 'haṃkāraviṣayaḥ | sa cāyamahaṃkārasya viṣayaḥ parikalpyamānaḥ skandhasvabhāvo vā bhavetskandhavyatirikto vā? ādhārādheyatadvatpakṣāṇāmapi ekatvānyatvapakṣe eva antarbhāvāt saṃkṣepeṇaiva ca vivakṣitatvādekatvānyatvapakṣadvayapratiṣedhenaiva ātmaniṣedhamārabdhukāma ācārya āha-

kimartha punaranyatra tathāgataparīkṣāyāmagnīndhanaparīkṣāyāṃ ca pañca pañca pakṣā upanyastāḥ, iha tu punaḥ pakṣadvayameveti? ucyate | yenaiva tatra prakaraṇadvaye pañca pañca pakṣā nirdiṣṭāḥ, ata eva anyatra nirdiṣṭatvānna punariha nirdiśyante | saṃkṣepeṇa tu pakṣadvayamupanyasyate iti ||

tatra yadi skandhā ātmeti parikalpyate, tadā udayavyayabhāg utpādī ca vināśī ca ātmā prāpnoti, skandhānāmudayavyayabhāktvāt | na caivamiṣyate, ātmāneka[tva]doṣaprasaṅgāt vakṣyati hi-

nāpyabhūtvā samutpanno doṣo hyatra prasajyate | kṛtako vā bhavedātmā saṃbhūto vāpyahetukaḥ || iti |

tathā-

na copādānamevātmā vyeti tatsamudeti ca | kathaṃ hi nāmopādānamupādātā bhaviṣyati || iti |

kiṃ ca-

ityādinā madhyamakāvatāre vistareṇa vihitavicārādapi pakṣo boddhavya iti neha punarvistaraprapañca ārabhyate ||

evaṃ tāvat skandhā ātmā na bhavati | skandhavyatirikto 'pi na yujyate | yadi hi skandhebhyo 'nya ātmā bhavet, askandhalakṣaṇo bhavet | yathā hi goranyo 'śvaḥ na golakṣaṇe bhavati, evamātmāpi skandhavyatiriktaḥ parikalpyamānaḥ askandhalakṣaṇo bhavet | tatra skandhāḥ saṃskṛtatvād hetupratyayasaṃbhūtā utpādasthitibhaṅgalakṣaṇāḥ | tatra askandhalakṣaṇa ātmā bhavan bhavanmatena utpādasthitibhaṅgalakṣaṇāyuktaḥ syāt | yaścaivaṃ bhavati, saḥ avidyamānatvādasaṃskṛtatvādvā khapuṣpavannirvāṇabadvā naiva ātmavyapadeśaṃ pratilabhate, nāpyahaṃkāraviṣayatvena yujyate, iti skandhavyatirikto 'pyātmā na yujyate ||

athavā | ayamanyo 'rthaḥ- yadi ātmā skandhavyatiriktaḥ syāt, saḥ askandhalakṣaṇa syāt | rūpaṇānubhavanimittodgahaṇābhisaṃskaraṇaviṣayaprativijñaptilakṣaṇāḥ pañca skandhāḥ | ātmā ca rūpādiva vijñānaṃ skandhebhyo vyatirikta iṣyamāṇaḥ pṛthaglakṣaṇasiddhaḥ syāt, pṛthaglakṣaṇasiddhaśca gṛhyeta rūpādiva cittam| na ca gṛhyate | tasmāt skandhavyatirikto 'pi nāsti ||

nanu ca tīrthikāḥ skandhebhyo vyatiriktamātmānaṃ pratipannā bhinnalakṣaṇamācakṣate, tasmātteṣāmabādhaka evāyaṃ vidhiriti | yathā ca tīrthikā ātmano bhinnalakṣaṇamācakṣate tathoktaṃ madhyamakāvatāre-

ityanena | ucyate | satyaṃ bruvanti tīrthikāḥ skandhavyatiriktasya lakṣaṇam, na punaste svarūpata ātmānamupalabhya tasya lakṣaṇamācakṣate, kiṃ tarhi yathāvadupādāyaprajñaptyanavagamena nāmamātrakamevātmānaṃ trāsādapratipadyamānāḥ saṃvṛtisatyādapi paribhraṣṭā mithyākalpanayaiva kevalamanumānābhāsamātravipralabdhāḥ santaḥ mohāt parikalpayanti ātmānam, tasya ca lakṣaṇamācakṣate | teṣāṃ ca karmakārakaparīkṣādiṣu ātmopādānayoḥ parasparāpekṣikīṃ siddhiṃ bruvatā saṃvṛtyāpi pratiṣedho vihita eva | uktaṃ ca-

ato na punastatpratipādanārthaṃ yatna ārabhyate | upādāya prajñapyamāna eva avidyāviparyāsānugatānāmātmābhiniveśāspadabhūto mumukṣubhirvicāryate, yasyedaṃ skandhapañcakamupādānatvena pratibhāsate kimasau skandhalakṣaṇaḥ uta askandhalakṣaṇaḥ iti | sarvathā ca vicārayanto mumukṣavo nainamupalabhante bhāvasvabhāvataḥ | tadā eṣām-

ātmanyasati cātmīyaṃ kuta eva bhaviṣyati |

ātmānupalambhādātmaprajñaptyupādānaṃ skandhapañcakamātmīyamiti sutarāṃ nopalabhante | yathaiva hi dagdhe rathe tadaṅgānyapi dagdhatvānnopalabhyante, evaṃ yogino yadaiva ātmanairātmyaṃ pratipadyante, tadaiva ātmīyaskandhavastunairātmyamapi niyataṃ pratipadyante | yathoktaṃ ratnāvalyām-

yathaiva hi grīṣme madhyāhnakālāvasānamāsāditasya vidhananabhomadhyadeśamācikraṃsorīṣatparibhramyamānapaṭutarahutabhugvitatasphuliṅgāniva virūkṣataramahīmaṇḍalottāpanaparān pradīptakiraṇasya kiraṇān pratītya virūkṣataramavanideśaṃ cāsādya viparītaṃ ca darśanamapekṣya salilākārā marīcaya upalabhyamānā vidūradeśāvasthitānāṃ janmavatāmatiprasannābhinīlajalākāraṃ pratyayamādadhati (Pp_148) na tu tatsamīpagatānām, evamihāpi yathāvasthitātmātmīyapadārthatattvadarśanavidūradeśāntarasthitānāṃ saṃsārādhvani vartamānānāmavidyāviparyāsānugamānmṛṣārtha eva skandhasamāropaḥ satyataḥ pratibhāsamānaḥ padārthatattvadarśanasamīpasthānāṃ na pratibhāsate | yathoktamācāryapādaiḥ-

ata eva ca ātmātmīyānupalambhātparamārthadarśanasamīpastho yogī niyataṃ bhavati-

ātmani hitamātmanīnam, skandhapañcakam, ātmīyamityarthaḥ | ātmano 'haṃkāraviṣayasya ātmanīnasya ca skandhādervastunaḥ mamakāraviṣayasya śamādanutpādādanupalambhānnirmamo nirahaṃkāraśca jāyate yogī || 2 ||

nanu ca yo 'sāvevaṃ nirmamo nirahaṃkāraśca yogī bhavati, sa tāvadasti | sati ca tasmin siddha ātmā skandhāśceti naitadevam | yasmāt-

ātmani skandheṣu ca sarvathānupalabhyamānasvarūpeṣu kutastadvayatirikto 'parapadārtho bhaviṣyati yo 'sau nirmamo nirahaṃkāraśceti | yastu evamasaṃvidyamānasvarūpaṃ nirmamaṃ nirahaṃkāraṃ ca paśyati, sa tattvaṃ na paśyatīti vijñeyam | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

tathā-

śānta paśānta ya cintayi dharmān so 'pi ca cittu na jātu na bhūtaḥ | cittavitarkiṇa sarvi papañcāḥ tasya acintiya budhyatha dharmān || iti |

tathā-

tadevam-

satkāyadṛṣṭimūlakāḥ satkāyadṛṣṭisamudayāḥ satkāyadṛṣṭihetukāḥ sarvakleśāḥ sūtre uktāḥ | sā ca satkāyadṛṣṭirātmātmīyānupalambhātprahīyate, tatprahāṇācca kāmadṛṣṭiśīlavratātmavādopādānacatuṣṭayaṃ prahīyate, upādānakṣayācca janmanaḥ punarbhavalakṣaṇasya kṣayo bhavati || 4 ||

yataśca ayaṃ janmanivṛttikramaḥ evaṃ vyavasthāpitaḥ, tasmāt-

karmakleśakṣayānmokṣaḥ

iti sthitam | upādāne hi kṣīṇe tatpratyayo bhavo na bhavati | bhave niruddhe kuto jātijarāmaraṇādikasya saṃbhava iti | evaṃ karmakleśakṣayānmokṣo bhavatīti sthitam |

karmakleśānāṃ tarhi kasya kṣayātparikṣaya iti vaktavyam || ucyate-

ayoniśo hi rūpādikaṃ vikalpayato bālapṛthagjanasya kleśa upajāyate rāgādikaḥ vakṣyati hi-

uktaṃ ca sūtre-

evaṃ tāvat karmakleśā vikalpataḥ pravartante | te ca vikalpāḥ anādimatsaṃsārābhyastād jñānajñeyavācyavācakakartṛkarmakaraṇakriyāghaṭapaṭamukuṭaratharūpavedanāstrīpuruṣalābhālābhasukhaduḥkhayaśo 'yaśonindāpraśaṃsādilakṣaṇādvicitrātprapañcādupajāyate | sa cāyaṃ laukikaḥ prapañco niravaśeṣa śūnyatāyāṃ sarvasvabhāvaśūnyatādarśane sati nirudhyate | kathaṃ kṛtvā? yasmātsati hi vastunaṃ upalambhe syād yathoditaprapañcajālam | na hi anupalabhya vandhyāduhitaraṃ rūpalāvaṇyayauvanavatīṃ tadviṣayaṃ prapañcamavatārayanti rāgiṇaḥ | na ca anavatārya prapañcaṃ tadviṣayamayoniśo vikalpamavatārayanti | na ca anavatārya kalpanājālam ahaṃmametyabhiniveśāt satkāyadṛṣṭimūlakān kleśagaṇānutpādayanti | na ca anutpādya satkāyadṛṣṭayātmakān kleśagaṇān karmāṇi śubhāśubhāniñjyāni kurvanti | na ca akurvāṇāḥ karmāṇi jātijarāmaraṇaśokaparidevaduḥkhadaurmanasya[upāyāsādirūpaṃ] ekajālībhūtaṃ saṃsārakāntāramanubhavanti | evaṃ yogino 'pi śūnyatādarśanāvasthā niravaśeṣaskandhadhātvāyatanāni svarūpato nopalabhante | na ca anupalabhamānā vastusvarūpaṃ tadviṣayaṃ prapañcamavatārayanti | na ca anavatārya tadviṣayaṃ prapañcaṃ vikalpamavatārayanti | na ca anavatārya vikalpam ahaṃmametyabhiniveśāt satkāyadṛṣṭimūlakaṃ kleśagaṇamutpādayanti | na ca anutpādya satkāyadṛṣṭayādikaṃ kleśagaṇaṃ karmāṇi kurvanti | na ca akurvāṇāḥ jātijarāmaraṇākhyaṃ saṃsāramanubhavanti | tadevam aśeṣaprapañcopaśamaśivalakṣaṇāṃ śūnyatāmāgamya yasmādaśeṣakalpanājālaprapañcavigamo bhavati, prapañcavigamācca vikalpanivṛtiḥ, vikalpanivṛttyā ca aśeṣakarmakleśanivṛtti, karmakleśanivṛttyā ca janmanivṛttiḥ, tasmāt śūnyataiva sarvaprapañcanivṛttilakṣaṇatvānnirvāṇamityucyate yathoktaṃ śatake-

ācāryabhāvavivekastu śrāvakapratyekabuddhānāṃ yathoditaśūnyatādhigamamapratipadyamānaḥ evaṃ varṇayati- aparotpannapratikṣaṇavinaśvarasaṃskārakalāpamātramanātmānātmīyamavalokayataḥ āryaśrāvakasyāpi ātmātmīyavastvabhāvād dharmamātramidaṃ jāyate mriyate ceti darśanamutpadyate | ahaṃkāraviṣayo hyātmā, [tadabhāvāttasyāpyabhāvaḥ], tadabhāvādeva na kvacidādhyātmikaṃ bāhyaṃ vā vastu astīti mamakārānutpatteḥ nirmamo nirahaṃkāro 'hamiti na svarūpaviniścitirupajāyate, anyatra vyavahārasaṃketāt | prāgeva ajātasarvasaṃskāradarśināṃ nirvikalpaprajñācāravihāriṇāṃ mahābodhisattvānāmiti | ata āha-

nirmamo nirahaṃkāro yaśca so 'pi na vidyate || iti ||

tadayamācāryo yathaivaṃvidhe viṣaye nācāryapādamatānuvartī tathā pratipāditaṃ madhyamakāvatāre-

dūraṃgamāyāṃ tu dhiyādhikaḥ

ityatreti na punastaddūṣaṇe yatna āsthīyate | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryāṣṭasāhasrikāyāṃ bhagavatyām-

śrāvakabodhimabhisaṃboddhukrāmena subhūte asyāmeva prajñāpāramitāyāṃ śikṣitavyam | pratyeka bodhimabhisaṃboddhukāmena subhūte asyāmeva prajñāpāramitāyāṃ śikṣitavyam | anuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhimabhisaṃboddhukāmena subhūte bodhisattvena mahāsattvena asyāmeva prajñāpāramitāyāṃ śikṣitavyamityādi ||

āha ca-

atrāha- yadyevamādhyātmikabāhyavastvanupalambhādadhyātmaṃ bahiśca ahaṃmametikalpanājālānāmanutpādastattvamiti vyavasthāpitam, yattarhi etaduktaṃ bhagavatā-

tathā āryasamādhirāje-

iti vistaraḥ | tatkathaṃ na virudhyata iti? ucyate | idamapi kiṃ noktaṃ bhagavatā-

nāstīha sattva ātmā vā dharmāstvete sahetukāḥ | iti?

tathā hi- rūpaṃ nātmā rūpavānnāpi cātmā rūpe nātmā nātmani rūpaṃ .... | evaṃ yāvat vijñānaṃ nātmā, vijñānavānnātmā vijñāne nātmā nātmani vijñānam iti | tathā- anātmānaḥ sarvadharmā iti | tatkathamidānīmanenāgamena pūrvakasyāgamasya virodho na syāt? tasmāddeśanābhiprāyo bhagavato 'nveṣyaḥ | (Pp_152) sāmānyena tu bhagavadbhirbuddhaiḥ pravacane neyanītārthavistaraprabhede 'śeṣajagadvineyabuddhipadmākaravibodhana parairādityakalpairanastaṃgatairmahākaruṇopāyavijñānagabhastivistaraiḥ-

atra cāyamabhiprāyaḥ- iha ye [ātmābhāvaviparyāsa] kudarśanadhanatimirapaṭalāvacchāditāśeṣabuddhinayanatayā laukikāvadātadarśanaviṣayānatikrāntamapi bhāvajātamapaśyanto vyavahārasatyāvasthitā eva santaḥ kṣitisalilajvalanapavanābhidhānatattvamātrānuvarṇanaparā mūlaudanodakakiṇvādidravyaviśeṣaparipākamātrapratyayotpannamadamurcchādisāmarthyaviśeṣānugatamadyapānopalambhavat kalalādimahābhūtaparipākamātrasaṃbhūtā eva buddhīranuvarṇayantaḥ pūrvāntāparāntāpavādapravṛttāḥ santaḥ paralokamātmānaṃ cāpavadante- nāstyayaṃ lokaḥ, nāsti paralokaḥ, nāsti sukṛtaduṣkṛtānāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalavipākaḥ, nāsti sattva upapādukaḥ, ityādinā | tadapavādācca svargāpavargaviśiṣṭeṣṭaphalaviśeṣākṣepaparāṅmukhāḥ satatasamitamakuśalakarmābhisaṃskaraṇapravṛttā narakādimahāprapātapatanābhimukhāḥ | teṣāṃ tadasadṛṣṭinivṛttyartha caturaśīticittacaritasahasrabhedabhinnasya sattvadhātoryathāśayānuvartakairaśeṣasattvadhātūttāraṇākṣiptapratijñāsaṃpādanatatparaiḥ prajñopāyamahākaruṇāsaṃbhārapuraḥ sarairnirupamairekajagadbandhubhirniravaśeṣakleśamahāvyādhicikitsakairmahāvaidyarājabhūtairhīnamadhyotkṛṣṭavineyajanānujidhṛkṣayā hīrnānāṃ vineyānāmakuśalakarmakāriṇāmakuśalādi nivartayituṃ buddhairbhagavadbhiḥ kvacidātmetyapi prajñapitaṃ loke vyavasthāpitam | ahetuvādapratiṣedhopapattiśca karmakārakaparīkṣātaḥ, nāpyahetutaḥ ityataḥ, madhyamakāvatārācca vistareṇa veditavyeti tatpratiṣedhārtha neha punaryatna āsthīyate ||

ye tu sadbhūtātmadṛṣṭikaṭhinātidīrghaśithilamahāsūtrabaddhā vihaṃgamā iva sudūramapi gatāḥ kuśalakarmakāriṇo 'kuśalakarmapathavyāvṛttā api na śaknuvanti traidhātukabhavopapattimativāhya śivamajaramamaraṇaṃ nirvāṇapuramabhigantum, teṣāṃ madhyānāṃ vineyānāṃ satkāyadarśanābhiniveśaśithilīkaraṇāya nirvāṇābhilāṣasaṃjananārthaṃ buddhairbhagavadbhirvineyajanānugrahacikīrṣubhiranātmetyapi deśitam ||

ye tu pūrvābhyāsaviśeṣānugatagambhīradharmādhimokṣalabdhabījaparipākāḥ pratyāsannavartini nirvāṇe teṣāmutkṛṣṭānāṃ vineyānāṃ vigatātmasnehānāṃ paramagambhīramaunīndrapravacanārthatattvāvagāhanasamarthānāmadhimuktiviśeṣamavadhārya-

buddhairātmā na cānātmā kaścidityapi deśitam ||

yathaiva hi ātmadarśanamatattvam, evaṃ tatpratipakṣabhūtamapi anātmadarśanaṃ naiva tattvamiti | evaṃ nāstyātmā kaścit, na cāpyanātmā kaścidastīti deśitam | yathoktamāryaratnakūṭe-

ātmeti kāśyapa ayameko 'ntaḥ | nairātmyamityayaṃ dvitīyo 'ntaḥ | yadetadanayorantayormadhyaṃ tadarūpyamanidarśanamapratiṣṭhamanābhāsamavijñaptikamaniketam | iyamucyate | kāśyapa madhyamā pratipada dharmāṇāṃ bhūtapratyavekṣā iti ||

uktaṃ cāryaratnāvalyām-

dṛṣṭaśrutādyaṃ muninā na satyaṃ na mṛṣoditam | pakṣāddhi pratipakṣaḥ syādubhayaṃ tacca nārthataḥ || iti |

yataścaivaṃ hīnamadhyotkṛṣṭavineyajanāśayanānātvena ātmānātmatadubhayapratiṣedhena buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ dharmadeśanā pravṛttā, tasmānnāsti āgamabādho mādhyamikānām | ata evoktamāryadevapādaiḥ-

tathā ācāryapādairuktam-

athavā- ayamanyo 'rthaḥ- ātmetyapi prajñapitaṃ sāṃkhyādibhiḥ pratikṣaṇavinaśvarāṇāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ karmaphalasaṃbandhābhāvamutprekṣya | anātmetyapi prajñapitaṃ lokāyatikaiḥ upapattyā ātmānaṃ saṃsartāramapaśyadbhiḥ-

ityādinā | taimirikopalabdhakeśamaśakādiṣviva vitaimirikairiva bālajanaparikalpitātmānātmādivastusvarūpaṃ sarvathaivāpaśyadbhiḥ-

buddhairnātmā na cānātmā kaścidityapi deśitam ||

yathoktamāryatathāgataguhyasūtre-

atha khalu śāntamatirbodhisattvo bhagavantametadavocat- upaśama upaśama iti bhagavannucyate, ka eṣa upaśamo nāma? kasya copaśamādupaśama ityucyate? bhagavānāha- upaśama iti kulaputra (Pp_154) ucyate, kleśopaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | kleśopaśama iti saṃkalpavikalpaparikalpopaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | saṃkalpavikalpaparikalpopaśama iti saṃjñāmanasikāropaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | saṃjñāmanasikāropaśama iti viparyāsopaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | viparyāsopaśama iti hetvārambaṇopaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | hetvārambaṇopaśama iti avidyābhavatṛṣṇopaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | avidyābhavatṛṣṇopaśama iti ahaṃkāramamakāropaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | ahaṃkāramamakāropaśama iti ucchedaśāśvatadṛṣṭayupaśamasyaitadadhivacanam | ucchedaśāśvatadṛṣṭayupaśama iti satkāyadṛṣṭayupaśamasyaitadadhivacanam iti śāntamate ye kecidārambaṇahetudṛṣṭisaṃyuktāḥ saṃkleśāḥ pravartante, sarve te satkāyadṛṣṭerutpadyante, satkāyadṛṣṭayupaśamātsarvadṛṣṭayupaśama iti | sarvadṛṣṭayupaśamātsarvapraṇidhānopaśama iti | sarvaprāṇi dhānopaśamātsarvakleśopaśamaḥ | tadyathāpi nāma śāntamate vṛkṣasya mūle chinne sarvaśākhāpatraphalāni śuṣyanti, evameva śāntamate satkāyadṛṣṭayupaśamātsarvakleśā upaśāmyante | satkāyadṛṣṭau śāntamate aparijñātāyāṃ sarvopādānopakleśā utpadyante | satkāyadṛṣṭiparijñāto 'pi sarvopādānopakleśā notpadyante na bādhante ||

śāntamatirāha- kā punarbhagavan satkāyadṛṣṭiparijñā? bhagavānāha- ātmāsamutthānaṃ śāntamate satkāyadṛṣṭiparijñā sattvāsamutthānaṃ jivāsamutthānaṃ pudgalāsamutthānaṃ dṛṣṭayasamutthānaṃ satkāyadṛṣṭiparijñā na khalu punaḥ śāntamate sā dṛṣṭiradhyātmaṃ pratiṣṭhitā, na bahirdhā pratiṣṭhitā | sā dṛṣṭiḥ sarvato 'pratiṣṭhitā | yattasyā apratiṣṭhitāyā dṛṣṭerapratiṣṭhiteti jñānam, iyaṃ śāntamate satkāyadṛṣṭiparijñā | satkāyadṛṣṭiparijñeti śāntamate śunyatāyā etadadhivacanam | yacchūnyatānulomikyā kṣāntyā tāṃ dṛṣṭi nodgṛhṇāti, iyamapi śāntamate satkāyadṛṣṭiparijñā | satkāya iti śāntamate śūnyatānimittāpraṇihitānabhisaṃskārājātānutpādadṛṣṭayā tāṃ dṛṣṭiṃ nodgṛhṇāti, iyamapi śāntamate satkāyadṛṣṭiparijñā | satkāya iti śāntamate akāya eṣaḥ, na kasati na vikasati na cinoti nopacinoti, ādita eva tadabhūtaṃ parikalpitam | yacca abhūtaṃ parikalpitam, tanna parikalpitaṃ na parikalpyate na vikalpyate, tanna kriyate na viṭhapyate, notthāpyate nādhyavasyate | taducyate upaśama iti ||

śāntamatirāha- upaśānta upaśānta iti bhagavannucyate, kasyopaśamādupaśānta ityucyate | bhagavānāha- ārambaṇataḥ śāntamate cittaṃ jvalati | yanna bhūya ālambanīkaroti tanna jvalati, ajvalan upaśānta ityucyate | tadyathāpi nāma śāntamate agnirupādānato jvalati, anupādānataḥ śāmyati, evameva ālambanataścittaṃ jvalati anālambanataḥ śāmyati | tatra śāntamate upāyakuśalo 'yaṃ bodhisattvaḥ prajñāpāramitāpariśuddhaḥ ālambanasamatāṃ ca prajānāti, kuśalamūlālambanaṃ ca śamayati | ityādi || 6 ||

atrāha- yadi buddhairbhagavadbhirnātmeti deśitam, nānātmeti, kiṃ tarhi deśitamiti? ucyate-

iha yadi kiṃcidabhidhātavyaṃ vastu syāt, taddeśyeta | yadā tu abhidhātavyaṃ nivṛttam, vācāṃ viṣayo nāsti, tadā kiṃcidapi naiva deśyate buddhaiḥ | kasmātpunarabhidhātavyaṃ nāstītyāha- nivṛtte cittagocare iti | cittasya gocaraḥ cittagocaraḥ | gocaro viṣayaḥ | ārambaṇamityarthaḥ | yadi cittasya kaścid gocaraḥ syāt, tatra kiṃcinnimittamadhyāropya syād vācāṃ pravṛttiḥ | yadā tu cittasya viṣaya evānupapannaḥ, tadā kva nimittādhyāropaḥ, yena vācāṃ pravṛttiḥ syāt? kasmāt punaścittaviṣayo nāstīti pratipādayannāha-

anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇamiva dharmatā |

yasmādanutpannāniruddhā nirvāṇamiva dharmatā dharmasvabhāvaḥ dharmaprakṛtiḥ vyavasthāpitā, tasmānna tatra cittaṃ pravartate | cittasyāpravṛttau ca kuto nimittādhyāropaḥ? tadabhāvāt kuto vācāṃ pravṛttiḥ? ataśca na kiṃcid buddhairbhagavadbhirdeśitamiti sthitamavikalam | ata eva ca vakṣyati-

sarvopalambhopaśamaḥ prapañcopaśamaḥ śivaḥ | na kvacitkasyacitkaściddharmo buddhena deśitaḥ || iti |

evaṃ caitat ||

athavā | ayamanyaḥ pūrvapakṣaḥ- yaduktaṃ prapañcaḥ śūnyatāyāṃ nirudhyate iti, kathaṃ punaḥ prapañcasya śūnyatāyāṃ nirodha iti? ucyate | yasmānnivṛttamabhidhātavyamityādi pūrvavad vyākhyeyam ||

athavā yadetaduktaṃ prāgādhyātmikabāhyavastvanupalambhena adhyātmaṃ bahiśca yaḥ sarvadā ahaṃkāramamakāraparikṣayaḥ, idamatra tattvamiti | kīdṛśaṃ tat kiṃvat, vaktuṃ vā śakyate, tasmāt

nivṛttamabhidhātavyaṃ nivṛtte cittagocare |

tatra tattvataḥ iti vākyaśeṣaḥ | kiṃ punaḥ kāraṇaṃ tatra tattve nivṛttamabhidhātavyaṃ nivṛtte cittagocare ityāha-

anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇamiva dharmatā ||

iti pūrvakameva vyākhyānaṃ yojyam || ata evoktamāryatathāgataguhyasūtre-

yāṃ ca śāntamate rātriṃ tathāgato 'nuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhimabhisaṃbuddhaḥ, yāṃ ca rātrimanupādāya parinirvāsyati, asminnantare tathāgatena ekākṣaramapi nodāhṛtaṃ na pravyāhṛtaṃ na pravyāhariṣyati | kathaṃ tarhi bhagavatā sakalasurāsuranarakiṃnarasiddhavidyādharoragaprabhṛtivineyajanebhyo vividhaprakārebhyo dharmadeśanā deśitā? ekakṣaṇavāgudāhāreṇaiva tattajjanamanastamoharaṇī bahuvidhabuddhinalinīvanavibodhinī jarāmaraṇasaritsāgarocchoṣiṇī kalpakālānalasaptārkaraśmivisarahrepiṇī śaradaruṇamahāprabheti ||

tadevaṃ sūtre-

evaṃ pūrvasuśuddhatvātsarvasattvāśayeritā | vāgniścarati buddhasya na cāsyāstīha kalpanā | pratiśrutkādayaḥ śabdā nādhyātmaṃ na bahiḥ sthitāḥ | vāgapyevaṃ narendrasya nādhyātmaṃ na bahiḥ sthitāḥ || iti |

tathā-

tathā āryasamādhirāje-

iti vistaraḥ ||

tathā-

atraike paricodayanti- nāstikāviśiṣṭā mādhyamikāḥ, yasmāt kuśalākuśalaṃ karma kartāraṃ ca phalaṃ ca sarvaṃ ca lokaṃ bhāvasvabhāvaśūnyamiti bruvate | nāstikā api hi etannāstīti bruvate | tasmānnāstikāviśiṣṭā mādhyamikā iti | naivam | kutaḥ? pratītyasamutpādavādino hi mādhyamikāḥ hetupratyayān prāpya pratītya samutpannatvāt sarvameva ihalokaparalokaṃ niḥsvabhāvaṃ varṇayanti | yathāsvarūpavādino naiva nāstikāḥ pratītyasamutpannatvād bhāvasvabhāvaśunyatvena na paralokādyabhāvaṃ (Pp_157) pratipannāḥ | kiṃ tarhi aihalaukikaṃ vastujātamupalabhya svabhāvataḥ tasya paralokādihāgamanam, ihalokācca paralokagamanapaśyantuḥ ihalokopalabdhapadārthasadṛśapadārthāntarāpavādaṃ kurvanti | tathāpi vastusvarūpeṇa avidyamānasyaiva te nāstitvaṃ pratipannāḥ ityamunā tāvaddarśanena sāmyamastīti cet, na hi | kutaḥ? saṃvṛtyā mādhyamikairastitvenābhyupagamānna tulyatā | vastutastulyateti cet, yadyapi vastuto 'siddhistulyā, tathāpi pratipatṛbhedādatulyatā | yathā hi kṛtacaurya puruṣamekaḥ samyagaparijñāyaiva tadamitrapreritaḥ taṃ mithyā vyācaṣṭe cauryamanena kṛtamiti, aparastu sākṣād dṛṣṭvā dūṣayati, tatra yadyapi vastuto nāsti bhedaḥ, tathāpi parijñātṛbhedādekastatra mṛṣāvādītyucyate, aparastu satyavādīti, ekaśca ayaśasā ca apuṇyena ca samyak parīkṣyamāṇo yujyate nāparaḥ, evamihāpi yathāvadviditavastusvarūpāṇāṃ mādhyamikānāṃ bruvatāmavagacchatāṃ ca vastusvarūpābhede 'pi yathāvadaviditavastusvarūpairnāstikaiḥ saha jñānābhidhānayornāsti sāmyam | yathaiva hi upekṣāsāmānye 'pi apratisaṃkhyāya pratisaṃkhyāya upekṣakayoriva pṛthagjanārhatoḥ jātyandhacakṣuṣmatośca viṣamaprapātapradeśaviniścitasāmānye 'pi yathāsti mahān viśeṣaḥ, tathā nāstikānāṃ mādhyamikānāṃ ca viśeṣo bhaviṣyatīti pūrvācāryāḥ | ityalaṃ prasaṅgenaḥ prakṛtameva vyākhyāsyāmaḥ || 7 ||

atrāha- yadyapi evam

anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇamiva dharmatā |

tasyāṃ ca nāsti vākcittayoḥ pravṛttiḥ, tathāpi naivāsau adeśyamānā śakyā janairvijñātumiti avaśyaṃ tasyāmavatāraṇārthaṃ vineyajanānāṃ saṃvṛtisatyāpekṣayā kadāciddeśanānupūrvyā bhavitavyam, ityataḥ sā kathyatāmiti | ucyate | iyamatra buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ tattvāmṛtāvatāradeśanānupūrvī vijñeyā, yaduta-

tatra-

yadyadyasya priyaṃ pūrvaṃ tattattasya samācaret | na hi pratihataḥ pātraṃ saddharmasya kathaṃcana || iti |

tathā ca bhagavatoktam-

loko mayā sārdhaṃ vivadati | nāhaṃ lokena sārdhaṃ vivadāmi | yalloke 'sti saṃmatam, tanmamāpyasti saṃmatam | yalloke nāsti saṃmatam, mamāpi tannāsti saṃmatam |

ityāgamācca ||

ityādita eva tāvadbhagavatā svaprasiddhapadārthamedasvarūpavibhāgaśravaṇasaṃjātābhilāṣasya vineyajanasya yadetat skandhadhātvāyatanādikamavidyātaimirikaiḥ satyataḥ parikalpitamupalabdham, tadeva tāvat satyamityupavarṇitaṃ bhagavatā taddarśanāpekṣayā, ātmani lokasya gauravotpādanārtham | viditaniravaśeṣalokavṛttānto 'yaṃ bhagavān sarvajñaḥ sarvadarśī, yaḥ evaṃ bhavāgraparyantasya vāyumaṇḍalāderākāśadhātuparyavasānasya bhājanalokasya sattvalokasya ca aviparītaṃ sthityutpādapralayādikaṃ sātivicitraprabhedaṃ sahetukaṃ saphalaṃ sāsvādaṃ sādīnavaṃ copadiṣṭavāniti | tadevaṃ bhagavati utpannasarvajñabuddhivineyajanasya uttarakālaṃ tadeva sarvaṃ na vā tathyamityupadeśitam | tatra tathyaṃ nāma yasya anyathātvaṃ nāsti | vidyate ca pratikṣaṇavināśitvāt saṃskārāṇāmanyathābhāvaḥ, tasmādanyathābhāvasadbhāvānna vā tathyam | vāśabdaścakārārtho deśanāsamuccaye draṣṭavyaḥ | sarvaṃ tathyaṃ na ca tathyamiti ||

keṣāṃcit sarvametat tathyaṃ ca atathyaṃ ceti deśitam | tatra bālajanāpekṣayā sarvametat tathyam | āryajñānāpekṣayā tu sarvametanmṛṣā, tairevamanupalambhāditi ||

keṣāṃcittu aticirābhyastatattvadarśanānāṃ kiṃcinmātrānutkhātāvaraṇatarūmūlānāṃ naivātathyaṃ naiva tathyaṃtaditi deśitam | tasyāpi kiṃcinmātrasyāvaraṇasya prahāṇārthaṃ vandhyāsutasya avadātaśyāmatāpratiṣedhavadubhayametat pratiṣiddham ||

etacca buddhānāṃ bhagavatāmanuśāsanam- unmārgādapanīya samyaṅmārgapratiṣṭhāpanaṃ śāsanam | evamānupūrvyā śāsanamanuśāsanam | vineyajananurūpyeṇa vā śāsanamanuśāsanam ||

sarvāścaitā deśanā buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ mahākaruṇopāyajñānavatāṃ tattvāmṛtāvatāropāyatvena vyavasthitāḥ | na hi tathāgatāḥ tattvāmṛtāvatārānupāyabhūtavākyamudāharanti | vyādhyanurūpabhaiṣajyopasaṃhāravat te vineyajanānujighṛkṣayā yathānurūpaṃ dharmaṃ deśayanti | yathoktaṃ śatake-

kiṃlakṣaṇaṃ punaḥ tat tattvaṃ yasyaitā deśanā avatārārthamupadiśante bhagavantaḥ? uktametadasmābhiḥ-

nivṛttamabhidhātavyaṃ nivṛtte cittagocare | iti |

yadā caitadevam, tadā kimaparaṃ pṛcchayate? yadyapyevam, tathāpi vyavahārasatyānurodhena laukikatathyādyabhyupagamavat tasyāpi samāropato lakṣaṇamucyatāmiti | taducyate-

tatra nāsmin parapratyayo 'stīti aparapratyayam | paropadeśāgamyam | svayamevādhigantavyamityarthaḥ | yathā hi taimirikā vitathaṃ keśamaśakamakṣikādirūpaṃ paśyanto vitimiropadeśenāpi na śaknuvanti keśānāṃ yathāvadavasthitaṃ svarūpamadarśananyāyena adhigantavyamataimirikā ivādhigantum, kiṃ tarhi ataimirikopadeśānmithyaitadityetāvanmātrakameva pratipadyante | yadā tu timiropaghātyaviparītaśūnyatādarśanāñjanāñjitabuddhinayanāḥ santaḥ samutpannatattvajñānā bhavanti, tadā tat tattvamanadhigamanayogena svayamadhigacchantīti | evamaparapratyayaṃ bhāvānāṃ yat svarūpaṃ tat tattvam | etacca śāntasvabhāvamataimirikakeśādarśanavat svabhāvavirahitamityarthaḥ | ata eva tat prapañcairaprapañcitam| prapañco hi vāk, prapañcayati arthāniti kṛtvā | prapañcairaprapañcitaṃ vāgbhiravyāhṛtamityarthaḥ ||

nirvikalpaṃ ca tat | vikalpaścittapracāraḥ | tadrahitatvāt tat tattvaṃ nirvikalpam | yathoktaṃ sūtre-

paramārthasatyaṃ katamat? yatra jñānasyāpyapracāraḥ, kaḥ punarvādo 'kṣarāṇāmiti |

evaṃ nirvikalpam ||

nānārtho 'syeti nānārthaṃ bhinnārtham, na nānārthaḥ anānārtham, abhinnārthamityarthaḥ | yathoktamāryasatyadvayāvatārasūtre-

devaputra āha- katamaḥ punarmañjuśrīḥ samyakprayogaḥ? mañjuśrīrāha- yatsamā devaputra paramārthatastathatā dharmadhātuḥ atyantājātiśca, tatsamāni paramārthataḥ pañcānantaryāṇi, yatsamāni pañcānantaryāṇi tatsamāni dṛṣṭikṛtāni, yatsamāni dṛṣṭikṛtāni tatsamāḥ pṛthagjanadharmāḥ, yatsamāḥ pṛthagjanadharmāḥ tatsamāḥ śaikṣadharmāḥ, yatsamāḥ śaikṣadharmāḥ tatsamā aśaikṣadharmāḥ, yatsamā aśaikṣadharmāḥ tatsamāḥ samyaksaṃbuddhadharmāḥ, yatsamāḥ samyaksaṃbuddhadharmāḥ tatsamaṃ nirvāṇam, yatsamaṃ nirvāṇaṃ tatsamaḥ saṃsāraḥ, yatsamaḥ saṃsāraḥ tatsamaḥ paramārthataḥ saṃkleśaḥ, yatsamaḥ paramārthataḥ saṃkleśaḥ tatsamaṃ paramārthato vyavadānam, yatsamaṃ paramārthato vyavadānaṃ tatsamāḥ paramārthataḥ sarvadharmāḥ | evaṃ paramārthataḥ sarvadharmasamatāprayukto devaputra bhikṣuḥ samyakprayukta ityucyate ||

devaputra āha- katamayā punarmañjuśrīḥ samatayā yāvat paramārthato yatsamaṃ vyavadānaṃ tatsamāḥ sarvadharmāḥ paramārthata iti? mañjuśrīrāha- paramārthataḥ sarvadharmānutpādasamatayā paramārthataḥ sarvadharmātyantājātisamatayā paramārthataḥ samāḥ sarvadharmāḥ | tat kasmāddhetoḥ? paramārthato nirvāṇānānākaraṇā hi devaputra sarvadharmā atyantanirutpādatāmupādāya | tadyathāpi nāma devaputra yacca mṛddhājanasyāmyantaramākāśam, yacca ratnabhājanasyākāśam, ākāśadhātureva eṣaḥ | tat paramārthato na kiṃcinnānākaraṇam | evameva devaputra yaḥ saṃkleśaḥ, sa paramārthato 'tyantānutpādatā | yadapi vyavadānaṃ tadapi paramārthato 'tyantānutpādatā | saṃsāro 'pi paramārthato 'tyantānutpādatā | yāvannirvāṇamapi (Pp_160) paramārthato 'tyantānutpādatā | nātra kiṃcitparamārthato nānākaraṇam | tat kasmāddhetoḥ? paramārthato 'tyantānutpādatvātsarvadharmāṇāmiti ||

tadevamanānārthatā tattvasya lakṣaṇaṃ veditavyam, śūnyataikarasatvāt | uttarottaravyākhyānaṃ cātra veditavyam || 9 ||

evaṃ tāvadāryāṇāṃ jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāraparikṣayāya kṛtakāryāṇāṃ tattvalakṣaṇam | laukikaṃ tu tattvalakṣaṇamadhikṛtyocyate-

yat kāraṇaṃ pratītya yat kāryamutpadyate, tadyathā śālibījaṃ pratītya pṛthivyādisāmagrīṃ ca śālyaṅkura upajāyate, na hi tāvat tadeva taditi śakyate vaktum | naiva yadeva bījaṃ sa eva aṅkuraḥ, janyajanakayorekatvaprasaṅgāt | tataśca pitāputrayorapi ekatvaṃ syāt | ananyatvācca aṅkurāvasthāyāmaṅkuravadbījagrahaṇamapi syāt, bījavacca aṅkurasyāpi grahaṇaṃ syāt | nityatvaṃ caivaṃ bījasya syāt, avināśābhyupagamāt | tataśca śāśvatavādaprasaṅgānmahādoṣarāśiḥ syāt karmaphalādyabhāvaprasaṅgāt | evaṃ tāvad yadeva bījaṃ sa eva aṅkuraḥ iti na yujyate | na ca anyadapi tattasmāt | nāpi bījādaṅkurasyānyatvam, bījamantareṇāpi aṅkurodayaprasaṅgāt |

yadyanyadanyadanyasmādanyasmādapyṛte bhavet |

iti vacanādaṅkurāvasthāne'pi bījānucchedaprasaṅgāt | tataśca satkāryavādadoṣaḥ syāt | yataścaivaṃ yat kāraṇaṃ pratītya yat kāryamutpadyate, naiva tat kāraṇaṃ kāryaṃ bhavati, na ca tasmātkāraṇāttat kāryamanyat | tasmānna kāraṇamucchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatamiti śakyate vyavasthāpayitum | yathoktamāryadevapādaiḥ-

yasmātpravartate bhāvastenocchedo na jāyate | yasmānnivartate bhāvastena nityo na jāyate || iti |

uktaṃ ca āryalalitavistarasūtre-

tadevaṃ yathopavarṇitena nyāyena-

mahākaruṇopāyamahāmeghapaṭalanirantarāvacchāditākāśadhātuparyantadiṅmaṇḍalānāṃ rāgādikleśagaṇasamudācārātitīkṣṇatarādityamaṇḍalopatāpitajagajjātijarāmaraṇaduḥkhadahanasaṃtāpopaśamatatparāṇāṃ satatāviratayathānurūpacaritapratipakṣasaddharmadeśanāmṛtadhārāpātaiḥ yathānurūpavineyajanakuśalamūlaśasyauṣadhiphalaphullalatotpannātivṛddhayanujidhṛkṣūṇāṃ saddharmāmṛtamahāvarṣavarṣiṇāṃ samyaksaṃbuddhamahānāgānāmatrāṇālaukikatrāṇānāmanāthanāthānāṃ sakalalokanāthānāmetat tatsaddharmāmṛtaṃ sakalatraidhātukabhavaduḥkhakṣayasvabhāvaṃ yathopavarṇitena nyāyena ekatvānyatvarahitaṃ śāśvatocchedavādavigataṃ ca vijñeyam | etaddharmatattvāmṛtapratipannānāṃ śrāvakāṇāṃ śrutacintābhāvanākramāt pravartamānānāṃ śīlasamādhiprajñātmakaskandhatrayāmṛtarasasya upayogānniyatameva jarāmaraṇakṣayasvabhāvanirvāṇādhigamo bhavati | athāpi kathaṃcidiha aparipakvakuśalamūlatayā śrutvāpyetat saddharmāmṛtam, dṛṣṭa eva dharme na mokṣamāsādayanti, tathāpi janmāntare 'pi avaśyameṣāṃ pūrvahetubalādeva niyatā siddhiḥ saṃpadyate | yathoktaṃ śatake-

athāpi kathaṃcit-

saṃbuddhānāmanutpāde śrāvakāṇāṃ punaḥ kṣaye |

sati, āryamārgopadeśakakalyāṇamitrapratyayavaikalyāt na syād dharmatattvāmṛtādhigamaḥ, tathāpi pūrvajanmāntaradharmatattvaśravaṇahetubalādeva aihalaukikopadeśanirapekṣāṇāmapi pravivekasevāmātropanatapratyayānāṃ svāyaṃbhuvaṃ-

kāyacetasoḥ praviveko 'saṃsargaḥ, kalyāṇamitrāparyeṣaṇaṃ vā | tasmādasaṃsargāddhetoḥ pratyekabuddhānāmasaṃbuddhake 'pi kāle yasmādbhavatyeva dharmatattvādhigamaḥ, tasmādabandhyā siddhirasya saṃbuddhamahāvaidyarājapraṇītasya saddharmatattvāmṛtabhaiṣajyasyeti vijñeyam | yataśca etadevam, ato 'rhati prājñaḥ prāṇānapi parityajya saddharmatattvaṃ paryeṣitumiti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā āryāṣṭasāhasrikāyāṃ bhagavatyām-

kathaṃ ca bhagavan sadāpraruditena bodhisattvena mahāsattvena iyaṃ prajñāpāramitā paryeṣitā? evamukto bhagavānāyuṣmantaṃ subhūtiṃ sthavirametadavocat- sadāpraruditena bodhisattvena mahāsattvena pūrvaṃ prajñāpāramitāṃ paryeṣamāṇena kāye 'narthikena jīvitanirapekṣeṇa lābhasatkāraślokeṣvaniśritena paryeṣamāṇena paryeṣitā | tena prajñāpāramitāṃ paryeṣamāṇena araṇyagatena antarīkṣānnirghoṣaḥ śruto 'bhūt- gaccha kulaputra pūrvasyāṃ diśi | tatra prajñāpāramitāṃ śroṣyasi | tathā ca gaccha yathā na kāyaklamathamanasikāramutpādayasi, na styānamiddhamanasikāramutpādayasi, na bhojanamanasikāramutpādayasi, yāvat mā kvaciccittaṃ praṇidhā adhyātmaṃ vā bahirdhā vā | mā ca kulaputra vāmenāvalokayan (Pp_162) gāḥ, mā dakṣiṇena, [mā pūrveṇa], mā paścimena, mā uttareṇa, mā urdhvaṃ mā adhaḥ, mā ca anuvidiśamavalokayan gāḥ | tathā ca kulaputra gaccha yathā [nātmato] na satkāyataścalasi na rūpato na vedanāto na saṃjñāto na saṃskārebhyo na vijñānataścalasi | yo hi ataścalati sa vitiṣṭhate | [kuto vitiṣṭhate?] buddhadharmebhyo vitiṣṭhate | yo buddhadharmebhyo vitiṣṭhate, sa saṃsāre carati | yaḥ saṃsāre carati, sa prajñāpāramitāyāṃ na carati, na ca tāmanuprāpnotīti ||

yāvanmāreṇa pāpīyasā udake 'ntardhāpite athāsyaitadabhūt- yannvahamātmanaḥ kāyaṃ viddhā ime pṛthivīpradeśaṃ rudhireṇa siñceyam | tatkasya hetoḥ? ayaṃ pṛthivīpradeśa uddhatarajaskaḥ, mā rajodhāturito dharmodgatasya bodhisattvasya mahāsattvasya śarīre nipatet | kimahamātmabhāvena kariṣyāmi avaśyaṃ bhedanadharmiṇā? varaṃ khalu punarmama evaṃrūpayā kriyayā ātmabhāvasya vināśaḥ kṛto bhavet, na tvevaṃ niḥsāmarthyakriyayā | bahūni ca mama ātmabhāvasahasrāṇi kāmahetoḥ kāmanidānaṃ bhinnāni punaḥ punaḥ saṃsāre saṃsarataḥ, na punarevaṃbhūteṣu sthāneṣu ..... | atha khalu sadāprarudito bodhisattvo mahāsattvaḥ tīkṣṇaṃ śastraṃ gṛhītvā samantādātmānaṃ viddhā samantatastaṃ pṛthivīpradeśaṃ svakena rudhireṇāsiñcadityādi ||

atha khalu sadāprarudito bodhisattvo mahāsattvaḥ sahadarśanādeva dharmodgatasya bodhisattvasya mahāsattvasya evaṃrūpaṃ sukhaṃ pratyalabhata- tadyathāpi nāma prathamadhyānasamāpannasya bhikṣorekāgramanasikārasya bhikṣoḥ | tatreyaṃ dharmodgatasya bodhisattvasya mahāsattvasya prajñāpāramitādeśanā yaduta sarvadharmasamatayā prajñāpāramitāsamatā, sarvadharmaviviktatayā prajñāpāramitāviviktatā, sarvadharmācalatayā prajñāpāramitācalatā, sarvadharmāmananatayā prajñāpāramitāmananatā, sarvadharmāstambhitatayā prajñāpāramitāstambhitatā, sarvadharmaikarasatayā prajñāpāramitaikarasatā, sarvadharmāparyantatayā prajñāpāramitāparyantatā, sarvadharmānutpādatayā prajñāpāramitānutpādatā, sarvadharmānirodhatayā prajñāpāramitānirodhatā, gaganāparyantatayā prajñāpāramitāparyantatā, yāvat sarvadharmāsaṃbhedanatayā prajñāpāramitāsaṃbhedanatā, sarvadharmānupalabdhitayā prajñāpāramitānupalabdhitā, sarvadharmābhibhāvanāsamatayā prajñāpāramitābhibhāvanāsamatā, sarvadharmaniśceṣṭatayā prajñāpāramitāniśceṣṭatā, sarvadharmācintyatayā prajñāpāramitācintyatā veditavyeti ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau ātmaparīkṣā nāma aṣṭādaśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

19 kālaparīkṣā ekonaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāvaḥ, kālatrayavijñaptihetutvāt | iha atītānāgatapratyutpannāsrayaḥ kālā bhagavatā upadiṣṭāḥ | te ca bhāvāśrayāḥ | yasmādutpanno niruddho hi bhāvasvabhāvaḥ atīta iti vyapadiśyate, utpanno 'niruddho hi vartamānaḥ, alabdhātmabhāvo 'nāgata iti | evaṃ bhāvasvabhāvanibandhanāsrayaḥ kālā upadiṣṭāḥ | te ca santi | tasmāt tannibandhano 'pi bhāvasvabhāvo 'stīti | ucyate | syāt kālatrayaprajñaptiheturbhāvasvabhāvaḥ, yadi kālatrayameva bhavadabhimataṃ bhavet | na tvasti | yathā ca nāsti, tathā pratipādayannāha-

iha tāvat yadi vartamānānāgatau syātām, tāvapekṣya atītaṃ kālaṃ bhavetām, anapekṣya vā? tatra yadi atītamapekṣya sidhyete, tathā niyatamatīte kāle bhaviṣyataḥ | yasmāt, yasya hi yatra asattvam, tat tena nāpekṣyate| tadyathā vandhyā srī svatanayena, gaganamālatīlatā svakusumena, sikatā svatailena | avidyamānamapyandhakāraṃ pradīpena, pradīpo 'pi andhakāreṇa pratidvandvitvena apekṣyate iti cet, naitadevam | asyāpi sādhyasamatvāt | tadatra yadi atīte kāle vartamānānāgatau kālau iṣyete, apekṣāsiddhayarthamevaṃ sati atīte kāle vidyamānatvāt atītakālātmavat tayorapyatītatvaṃ syāt | tataśca atīto 'pi na syāt | yasmāt vartamānāvasthātikrānto hi atītaḥ asaṃprāptaḥ anāgata iti syāt | yadā tu vartamānānāgatayorasaṃbhava eva, tadā kutaḥ kasyacidatītatvaṃ syāt? ityataḥ atīto 'pi na syāt || 1 ||

atha yathoktadoṣaparijihīrṣayā-

athāpi syāt- kālavādināṃ vidyate eva kālaḥ, tatra kimapekṣayā prayojanamiti? ucyate | evamapi-

pratyutpannānāgatayorasattvam, atītānapekṣatvāt, kharaviṣāṇavat | yataścaivam pratyutpanno 'nāgataśca tasmātkālo na vidyate iti vijñeyam || 3 ||

yadā caivam atītamapekṣya vā anapekṣya vā pratyutpannānāgatayornāsti siddhiḥ, evaṃ pratyutpannāpekṣayā vā anapekṣayā vā atītānāgatayoḥ anāgatāpekṣayā vā anapekṣayā vā pratyutpannātītayoḥ asiddhau iṣyamāṇāyāṃ tenaiva pratyutpannāgatayoḥ atītāpekṣayā vā anapekṣayā asiddhikrameṇa dūṣaṇasāmyamatidiśannāha-

kathaṃ kṛtvā?

eṣa tāvadekaḥ kālaparivartaḥ |

eṣa dvitīyaḥ kālaparivarta iti vyākhyānakārikā iti | evaṃdvau kālaparivartau boddhavyau ||

yataśca evaṃ vicāraṇe kālatrayaṃ nāsti, tasmāt kālo na vidyate, kālābhāvācca bhāvasadbhāvo 'pi nāsti iti siddham ||

yathā caitatkālatrayaṃ vicāritam, evam uttamādhamamadhyādīnekatvādīṃśca lakṣayet |

uttamādhamamadhyamān iti ādiśabdena kuśalākuśalāvyākṛtāni, utpādasthitibhaṅgāḥ, pūrvāntāparāntamadhyāntāḥ, kāmarūpārūpyadhātavaḥ, śaikṣāśaikṣanaivaśaikṣanaivāśaikṣādayo yāvantaḥ padārthāḥ tripadārthasaṃbandhavyavasthitāḥ, te sarve gṛhyante | ekatvādīṃśca ityanena ādiśabdena dvitvabahutvayo grahaṇāt te eva uttamādayaḥ ekatvādayaśca kālatrayavyākhyānena vyākhyātā veditavyāḥ || 4 ||

atrāha- vidyata eva kālaḥ parimāṇavattvāt | iha yannāsti, na tasya parimāṇavattvaṃ vidyate tadyathā kharaviṣāṇasya | asti ca kālasya parimāṇavattvaṃ kṣaṇalavamuhūrtadivasarātryahorātrapakṣamāsasaṃvatsarādibhedena | tasmāt, parimāṇavattvād vidyata eva kālaḥ iti | ucyate | yadi kālo nāma kaścit syāt, syāttasya parimāṇavattvam | na tvasti | yasmāt-

iha yadi kālo nāma kaścidavasthitaḥ kṣaṇādivyatiriktaḥ syāt, sa kṣaṇādibhiḥ parimāṇavattvād gṛhyeta | na tu avasthitaḥ kūṭasthaḥ kaścit kālo nāma asti, yaḥ kṣaṇādibhirgṛhyeta | tadevaṃ nāsthito gṛhyate kālaḥ, asthitatvānna gṛhyate ityarthaḥ ||

athāpi syāt- nitya eva avasthitasvabhāvaḥ kālo nāma asti, kṣaṇādibhirabhivyajyate | tathāhi-

kālaḥ pacati bhūtāni kālaḥ saṃharate prajāḥ | kālaḥ supteṣu jāgarti kālo hi duratikramaḥ || iti |

yaścaivaṃlakṣaṇaḥ so 'vasthitasvabhāvo 'stīti | ucyate | evamapi sthitaḥ kālo na vidyate yaḥ kṣaṇādibhirabhivyajyamāno gṛhyeta | kasmāt punaḥ sthitaḥ kālo nāstīti cet, kṣaṇādivyatirekeṇāgṛhyamāṇatvāt ||

api ca | ayaṃ kālaḥ saṃskṛtasvabhāvaḥ san astīti, asaṃskṛtasvabhāvo vā? ubhayaṃ ca saṃskṛtaparīkṣāyāṃ pratiṣiddham-

ityanena | tadevaṃ nāsti vyavasthitaḥ kālaḥ, yo gṛhyeta | yaśca idānīṃ kālo na gṛhyate asthitatvādavidyamānasvarūpatvāt, so 'gṛhyamāṇaḥ san kathaṃ kṣaṇādibhiḥ prajñapayituṃ bhāvataḥ pāryata ityāha- agṛhītaśca kālaḥ prajñapyate kathamiti | tasmānnāstyeva kālaḥ || 5 ||

atrāha- satyaṃ nāsti nityaḥ kālo nāma kaścid rūpādivyatiriktaḥ svabhāvasiddhaḥ, kiṃ tarhi rūpādīneva sa saṃskārānupādāya prajñaptaḥ kālaḥ kṣaṇādivācyo bhavati, tasmādadoṣa iti | ucyate | evamapi-

bhāvaṃ pratītya kālaścetkālo bhāvādṛte kutaḥ |

yadyevaṃ bhāvaṃ pratītya kālo bhavatīti bhavatā vyavasthāpyate, yadā khalu bhāvo nāsti, tadā niyataṃ taddhetuko 'pi kālo nāstīti pratipādayannāha-

na ca kaścana bhāvo 'sti

iti pūrvaṃ vistareṇa pratipāditatvādvakṣyamāṇapratiṣedhācca | yadā caivaṃ na kaścidbhāvo 'sti bhāvataḥ, tadā-

kālābhāvācca na santi kṣaṇalavamuhūrtādayaḥ kālabhedāḥ tatpariṇāmabhūtāḥ, ityataḥ kutaḥ pariṇāmavattvena kālasiddhirbhaviṣyati? tasmānnāstyeva bhāvānāṃ svabhāvaḥ iti || uktaṃ hi bhagavatā āryahastikakṣyasūtre-

yadi koci dharmāṇa bhavetsvabhāvaḥ tatraiva gaccheya jinaḥ saśrāvako | kūṭasthadharmāṇa siyā na nirvṛtī na niṣprapañco bhavi jātu paṇḍitaḥ || iti |

tathā-

buddhasahasraśatā ya atītā dharmasahasraśatāni bhaṇitvā | naiva ca dharma na cākṣara kṣīṇā nāsti samudbhavu tena akṣīṇā || iti |

tathā-

ullāpanāḥ kāmaguṇā hi pañca vibhrāmaṇā mohana moṣadharmiṇaḥ |

madhyāhnakāle hi yathaiva grīṣme jalaṃ marīcyāṃ hi tathaiva kāmāḥ ||

ekena kalpena bhaveddhi loko ākāśabhūto gaganasvabhāvo | Note: Pp_167 dāhaṃ vināśaṃ ca payānti bhe[bhī?]ravaḥ kuta āgamaḥ kutra gatiśca teṣām || iti ||

tadyathā-

pañcemāni bhikṣavaḥ saṃjñāmātraṃ pratijñāmātraṃ vyavahāramātraṃ saṃvṛtimātraṃ yaduta atīto 'dhvā anāgato 'dhvā ākāśaṃ nirvāṇaṃ pudgalaśceti ||

|| ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau kālaparīkṣā nāma ekonaviṃśaṃ prakaraṇam ||

20 sāmagrīparīkṣā viṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyate kālaḥ, phalapravṛttau sahakārikāraṇabhāvāt | yo nāsti, nāsau sahakārikāraṇabhāvena pratipadyate, vandhyātanayavat | tasmādasti kālaḥ, sahakārikāraṇabhāvāt | iha bījāvanisalilajvalanapavanagaganābhidhānahetupratyayasāmagrīṃ pratītya ayamaṅkura upajāyamānaḥ satyāmapi bījādipratyayasāmagryām, ṛtuviśeṣāsaṃnidhānānnopajāyate | yathā ca bāhyeṣu, evamādhyātmikeṣvapi | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

yasmācca evamasti kālāpekṣā, tasmādastyasau kālo nāma, yaḥ aṅkurādipravṛttau sahakārikāraṇaṃ bhavatīti | ucyate | syāt sahakārikāraṇatā kālasya, yadi aṅkurādiphalasya pravṛttireva syāt | na tvasti | kathaṃ kṛtvā? iha bījādihetupratyayasāmagrīto 'ṅkurādiphalodaye parikalpyamāne vyavasthitasya vā phalasya sāmagryāṃ satyāṃtata utpādaḥ parikalpyeta avyavasthitasya vā? kiṃ cātaḥ? yadi tāvad vyavasthitasya parikalpyate, tanna yujyate iti pratipādayannāha-

yadi hetupratyayasāmagryāṃ tvanmatena phalamasti, nanu evaṃ sati yasmāt sāmagryāmasti, kathaṃ tayā tajjanyate? na hi kuṇḍe dadhi vidyamānaṃ kuṇḍena janyate | api ca | yadvidyate tanniṣpannatvāt niṣpannapurovasthitaghaṭavat na punarjanmāpekṣate | abhivyaktiḥ sthaulyaṃ vā sūkṣmātmanā vidyamānasya kriyata iti cet, tasyāpi pakṣasya pūrvameva-

āgacchatyanyato nāgnirindhane 'gnirna vidyate |

atha nāstyeva sāmagryāṃ phalamiti parikalpyate, etadapi nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha-

yadi hetośca pratyayānāṃ ca sāmagryāṃ nāsti tatphalam, kathaṃ tarhi hetupratyayasāmagryā phalaṃ janyate? tatra avidyamānatvāt sikatābhiriva tailam | ata eva asaṃbhāvayannāha-

phalaṃ nāsti ca sāmagryāṃ sāmagryā jāyate katham |

kiṃ cānyat-

yad yatra asti, tat tatra gṛhyate, tadyathā kuṇḍe dadhi | yacca yatra nāsti na tattatra gṛhyate tadyathā sikatāsu tailam, maṇḍūkajaṭāyāṃ śiromaṇiḥ ||

atha syāt- vidyamānā api padārthāḥ atisaukṣmyāt, atisaṃnikarṣāt, ativiprakarṣāt, indriyopaghātāt, mūrtivaddravyavyavadhānāt, mūrtyantardhānāt, manonavasthānāt, paramāṇuvat akṣasthāñjanaśalākāvat ādityagativat taimirikaikaikakeśavat andhabadhirādirūpaśabdādivat kuḍayādivyavahitaghaṭādivat siddhadevapiśācādiśarīravat viṣayāntaravyāpṛtasya viṣayāntaravanna gṛhyate iti cet, kiṃ khalu eṣāmagṛhyamāṇānāmastitve liṅgam, yena eṣāmastitve sati anupalabdhiriti syāt? anumānopamānāgamairgrahaṇādeṣāmastitvamiti cet, na tarhi teṣāmanupalabdhiriti vaktavyam, anumānādibhirupalabhyamānatvāt | yad rūpīndriyagrāhyaṃ tad ebhiḥ kāraṇairvidyamānamapi sanna gṛhyate, iti cet, ucyate | kimasmābhirevamuktam- rūpīndriyairvidyamānaṃ sad gṛhyeteti? kiṃ tarhi sāmānyenaiva yad brūmaḥ- gṛhyeta nanu sāmagryāmiti ||

athāpi manyase- yad yatra nāsti, na tat tasmādutpadyate sikatābhyastailavat | utpadyate ca sāmagrītaḥ phalam, tasmādanumānataḥ sāmagryāṃ phalasyāstitvamiti | ucyate | yad yatra asti, na tat tasmādutpadyate, tadyathā kuṇḍād dadhi iti | asmādapyanumānādastitvamasya ayuktamiti kṛtvā nāstyeva sāmagryāṃ phalamiti kiṃ na gṛhyate?

athāpi syāt- ubhyorapi pakṣayoranumānavirodhād yathā astitvaṃ na yuktam, evaṃ nāstitvamapīti | ucyate | na vayamasyāsattvaṃ pratipādayāmaḥ, kiṃ tarhi paraparikalpitaṃ sattvamasya nirākurmaḥ | evaṃ na vayamasya sattvaṃ pratipādayāmaḥ, kiṃ tarhi paraparikalpitamasattvamasya apākurmaḥ | antadvayaparihāreṇa madhyamāyāḥ pratipadaḥ pratipādayitumiṣṭatvāditi | uktaṃ ca āryadevapādīye śatake-

stambhādīnāmalaṃkāro gṛhasyārthe nirarthakaḥ | satkāryameva yasyeṣṭaṃ yasyāsatkāryameva ca || iti |

atha manyase- nāstyeva sāmagryāṃ phalamiti, evamapi-

yathā hi jvālāṅgārādiṣu aṅkuro nāstīti kṛtvā tasya te hetupratyayā na bhavanti, eva vivakṣitānāmapi bījādīnāṃ hetupratyayatā na syāt teṣu aṅkuro nāstīti kṛtvā | na ca ahetu pratyayebhyaḥ phalapravṛttiryukteti nāsti svabhāvataḥ phalapravṛttiḥ ||

atrāha- naiva hi sāmagryāḥ phalotpādanasāmarthyamasti yataḥ iyaṃ cintā syāt- kiṃ sāmagryāṃ phalamasti utāho nāstīti | kiṃ tarhi hetoḥ phalotpādanasāmarthyam | sāmagrī tu hetoranugrahamātraṃ karoti | sa hetuḥ phalasyotpattyarthaṃ hetuṃ datvā nirudhyate, tena ca hetunā anugṛhyamāṇaṃ phalamutpadyate iti | ucyate | naiva hi ajātasya phalasya hetoranugrahaṇamasti | na cāpyajātasya bandhyātanayasyeva kenacitkiṃcinmātraṃ kartuṃ śakyamityayuktaiṣā kalpanā || 4 ||

api ca-

yadi hetuḥ phalasyotpattyarthaṃ hetukaṃ kāraṇaṃ datvā nirudhyata iti parikalpyate, evaṃ sati yaddattaṃ yanniruddhaṃ ca tadātmabhāvadvayaṃ hetoḥ syāt | na caitad yuktam, ardhaśāśvataprasaṅgāt nityānityayośca parasparaviruddhayorekatvābhāvāt || 5 ||

atha hetorātmabhāvadvayaprasaṅgaparihārārthaṃ sarvātmanā nirodha iṣyate phalasyotpattyarthaṃ kiṃcidapyadatvā, evamapi-

yadi phalasya kiṃcidapyadatvā sarvātmanā heturnirudhyate, nanu tasmin hetau niruddhe yatphalamutpadyate tat āhetukaṃ syāt | na ca āhetukamasti | ityayuktaiṣā kalpanā || 6 ||

atrāha- yadi evaṃ phalasya hetorutpattau doṣaḥ, evaṃ sati sahotpannaiva sāmagrī phalasya janikā astu, tadyathā pradīpaprabhāyā iti | eṣāpi kalpanā nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha-

atrāhureke- naiva hi abhūtvā bhāvānāmutpattiryuktā ākasmikatvaprasaṅgāt | tasmād hetupratyayasāmagrītaḥ pūrvameva tat phalamanāgatāvasthāyāṃ vyavasthitamanāgatātmanā | tasya hetupratyaya sāmagryā vartamānāvasthā janyate, dravyaṃ tu vyavasthitameveti | tān pratyucyate-

yadi bhavatāmabhīpsitaṃ sāmagrītaḥ pūrvameva phalaṃ svarūpataḥ syāditi, tad hetupratyayanirapekṣaṃ syāt, tataśca āhetukaṃ syāt | na ca āhetukānāṃ padārthānāmastitvaṃ yuktam, kharaturagoragaviṣāṇādīnāmapyastitvaprasaṅgāt, pūrvasiddhasya ca punaḥ hetupratyayāpekṣayā niṣprayojanatvādityayuktametat || 8 ||

anye punarvarṇayanti- hetureva phalaṃ janayati na sāmagrī | na ca uktadoṣaprasaṅgaḥ | yasmāt na hi anyohetuḥ anyat phalam | yataḥ, kiṃ hetuṃ datvā phalasya heturnirudhyate uta adatvaiveti vicāraḥ syāt | api tu hetureva niruddhaḥ phalātmanā vyavasthitaḥ iti | ucyate | evamapi-

yadi niruddhe hetau bhavanmatena phalamutpadyate, tacca phalaṃ hetvātmakameva bhavatīti parikalpyate, evaṃ sati hetoḥ saṃkramaṇaṃ bhavet, naṭasya veṣāntaraparityāgena veṣāntarasaṃcāravat hetoḥ saṃkramaṇa mātrameva syāt, na tu apūrvasya phalasyotpādaḥ | tataśca hetornityataiva syāt | na ca nityānāmastitvaṃ kvacidasti | yathoktaṃ śatake-

kiṃ ca | etasyāṃ kalpanāyāṃ pūrvajātasya ca hetoḥ punarjanma prāpnoti | na ca jātasya punarapi [janma] yujyate niṣprayojanatvāt, anavasthāprasaṅgācca ||

atha manyase- yenātmanā vidyamāno na tenaivātmanā jāyate, yena cātmanā avidyamānaḥ tenaiva jāyata iti | etadapi na yuktam | aparityaktahetusvabhāvasya hetusvarūpasya phalamiti saṃjñāmātrabhedādavasthābhedācca dravyābhedasya sādhayitumaśakyatvāt | phalāvasthāyāṃ ca parityaktahetusvabhāvasya phalaśabdavācyatvād hetuḥ phalātmanā tiṣṭhatīti yatkiṃcidetat || 9 ||

kiṃ cānyat- yadi hetuḥ phalaṃ janayet, niruddho vā janayedaniruddho vā? phalamapi utpannaṃ vā janayedanutpannaṃ vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha-

[yadi tāvata niruddhaḥ astaṃgataḥ hetuḥ utpannaṃ sat vidyamānaṃ phalaṃ janayatīti parikalpyate, tannopapadyate | kasmāditi cet, kathaṃ niruddhaḥ asaṃvidyamānaḥ hetuḥ phalaṃ janayet? yadi janayati, vandhyāputro 'pi putraṃ janayiṣyati | phalaṃ ca sad vidyamānamapi janmanirapekṣamapi kathaṃ heturjanayi ṣyati? atha manyase- śaktyabhāvānniruddho na janayati, kiṃ tu tiṣṭhanneva hetuḥ phalaṃ janayiṣyatīti | ucyate |] tiṣṭhannapi heturavikṛtarūpo vidyamānena phalena vṛtaḥ saṃbaddhaḥ kathaṃ janayet? iha hi-

kāraṇaṃ vikṛtiṃ gacchajjāyate 'nyasya kāraṇam |

iti kāraṇābhāvaṃ pratipadyamānasya hetoravaśyaṃ vikāreṇa bhavitavyam | yastu na vikriyate, sa hetulakṣaṇayukta eva na bhavatīti | phalena ca saṃbaddhaḥ kathaṃ janayet? phalasya vidyamānatvāt || 10 ||

atha manyase- vidyamānasya phalasya punarjanayitumaśakyatvāt avṛta eva asaṃbaddha eva hetuḥ phalena phalaṃ janayiṣyatīti, etadapyayuktamityāha-

athāvṛtaḥ phalenāsau katamajjanayetphalam |

yadi hetuḥ phalena asaṃbaddha eveṣyate, tadā katamadidānīṃ phalaṃ janayet? sarvameva vā phalaṃ janayedasaṃbaddhatvāt, na vā kiṃcijjanayedasaṃbaddhatvādevetyabhiprāyaḥ ||

kiṃ cānyat | yadi hetuḥ phalaṃ janayet, sa dṛṣṭvā phalaṃ janayedadṛṣṭvā vā? ubhayathā ca na yujyate ityāha-

tatra yadi heturdṛṣṭvā janayatīti parikalpyate, tanna yujyate | yasmādvidyamānameva draṣṭuṃ pāryate nāvidyamānam | vidyamānaṃ cet, tanna janyate vidyamānatvāditi | evaṃ tāvad hetuḥ phalaṃ dṛṣṭvā na janayati, adṛṣṭvāpi na janayati, sarvasya phalasya hetorjanakatvaprasaṅgāt ||

atha kimidaṃ darśanaṃ kiṃ vā adarśanamiti? ucyate | prasiddhametalloke- upalabdhirdarśanamiti ||

nanu etad bījādiṣu nirindriyeṣu na saṃbhavati | saṃbhavatu mā vā | nāsmākamayaṃ paryanuyogaḥ kiṃ tarhi tasyotpādavādinaḥ | tatra yaḥ utpādavādī brūyāt- dṛṣṭvā janayatīti, sa vaktavyaḥ- na dṛṣṭametalloke yadbījādikaṃ paśyatīti | tasmādayuktā eṣā kalpanā | atha adṛṣṭvā kalpayet, evamapi yatkiṃcidadṛṣṭaṃ saṃbhavati tatsarvamutpādayet, na cotpādayati, tasmāt na adṛṣṭvāpi janayati | aniṣṭāpattyā hi vayaṃ parakalpanāṃ vicārayāmaḥ saṃsārāṭavīkāntāragiridarīprapātaduḥkhamālāsamākulāmā tāmīva | buddhipūrvakartṛkaṃ ca puruṣādikāraṇino jagadabhyupagacchanto nirgranthāścaikendriyaṃ bījādikaṃ pratipannāḥ prasaṅgānna vyativartanta iti | tasmānnāsti doṣaḥ || 11 ||

kiṃ cānyat- yadi yuṣmadabhimataṃ hetoḥ phalasya ca anyonyaḍhaukanalakṣaṇaṃ saṃgamanaṃ syāt, syāttadānīṃ tayorjanyajanakabhāvaḥ | yasmāt na hi parasparāsaṃgatayorālokāndhakārayoḥ saṃsāranirvāṇa yorjanyajanakabhāvo dṛṣṭa iti | ataḥ avaśyaṃ hetuphalabhāvayorjanyajanakabhāvamicchatā pareṇa saṃgatirabhyupeyā | sā ca kālatraye 'pi vicāryamāṇā na saṃbhavati | ato hetuḥ phalaṃ na janayati | yathā ca saṃgatirnāsti tathā pratipādayannāha-

atītasya tāvat phalasya atītena hetunā saha jātu kadācidapi saṃgatirnāsti, atītatvenobhayorapyavidyamānatvāt | nāpi ajātena hetunā atītasya phalasya saṃgatirjātu vidyate, naṣṭājātatvena ubhayorapyavidyamānatvāt, bhinnakālatvācca | nāpi jātena vartamānena hetunā saha atītasya phalasya saṃgatiḥ saṃbhavati, bhinnakālatvāt, naṣṭasya ca phalasya avidyamānatvādvandhyāputreṇeva devadattasyetyabhiprāyaḥ || 12 ||

yathā ca atītasya phalasya atītena anāgatavartamānena hetunā saha na kadācit saṃgatirasti, evaṃ vartamānasyāpi phalasya traikālikena hetunā saha nāsti saṃgatiriti tat pratipādayannāha-

jātasya phalasya bhinnakālatvādajātena ca atītena ca hetunā saha saṃgamanaṃ nāsti | nāpi vartamānasya vartamānena hetunā saha saṃgatirasti, hetuphalayoryaugapadyābhāvāt, tayośca saṃgatirvaiyarthyāt | kiṃ hi vidyamānayoḥ parasparanirapekṣayoḥ punaḥ saṃgatyā prayojanamiti nāsti saṃgatiḥ || 13 ||

idānīmanāgatasyāpi phalasya yathā atītānāgatapratyutpannena hetunā saha saṃgamanaṃ nāsti tathā pratipādayannāha-

ajātaṃ hi phalamasaṃvidyamānam | tasya bhinnakālena vartamānena atītena ca hetunā saha nāsti saṃgamanaṃ bhinnakālatvāt | anāgatenāpi hetunā saha nāsti saṃgamanam, ubhayoravidyamānatvāt || 14 ||

yadā caivaṃ sarvathā hetuphalayoḥ saṃgatirnāsti, tadā- asatyāṃ saṃgatau hetuḥ kathaṃ janayate phalam |

naiva hetuḥ phalaṃ janayati saṃgateravidyamānatvāt vandhyāputramivetyabhiprāyaḥ ||

athāpi syāt- satyāmeva saṃgatau hetuḥ phalaṃ janayatīti, tadapi na yuktam, kālatraye 'pi saṃgatyanupalabdheḥ | athāpi kathaṃcid hetuphalayoḥ saṃgatiḥ parikalpyate, evamapi-

kiṃ cānyat-

yo 'yaṃ phalasya hetuḥ phalasya janaka iṣyate, sa tena śūnyo vā bhavan phalamutpādayet, aśūnyo vā? tatra hetuḥ śūnyaḥ phalena rahitaḥ phalaṃ na janayati, ahetuvat phalaśūnyatvāt | phalena aśūnyo 'pi hetuḥ phalaṃ na janayati, vidyamānatvāt phalasya, vidyamānaputraṃ devadatta iva | evaṃ tāvat phalaśūnyo vā phalāśūnyo vā hetuḥ phalaṃ na janayati || 16 ||

yaccāpi phalamutpadyate, taccāpyaśūnyaṃ vā samutpadyate, śūnyaṃ vā? tatra tāvat-

aśūnyaṃ hi phalamapratītyasamutpannaṃ svabhāvavyavasthitam, tadevaṃvidhaṃ phalaṃ naivotpatsyate svabhāvasyānapāyitvācca na nirotsyate | tataśca aśūnyaṃ tadiṣyamāṇamaniruddhamanutpannaṃ ca syāt | na caitadiṣṭam, ityataḥ aśūnyaṃ tatphalaṃ na bhavati, utpādanirodhābhyupagamāt || 17 ||

idānīṃ śūnyamapi tatphalaṃ na saṃbhavati, anudayāvyayavattvaprasaṅgāt iti pratipādayannāha-

tatra śūnyamucyate yatsvabhāvena nāsti | yacca vastu svabhāvena nāsti, tat kathamutpatsyate, kathaṃ vā nirotsyate? na hi svabhāvena avidyamānasya ākāśādeḥ udayavyayau dṛṣṭau | tasmācchūnyamapi tatphalamiṣyamāṇamaniruddhamanutpannaṃ ca prasajyate || 18 ||

kiṃ cānyat- yadi hetuḥ phalaṃ janayet, sa phalādavyatirikto vā janayet, vyatirikto vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha-

tadetat pratijñāmātrakamiti pratipādayannāha-

yadi hetoḥ phalasya ca ekatvaṃ syāt, tadā janyajanakayorekatvamabhyupetaṃ syāt | na cānayorekatvam, pitāputrayoścakṣuścakṣurvijñānayorbījāṅkurayoścaikyaprasaṅgāt | evaṃ tāvad hetoḥ phalasya ca ekatvaṃ nāsti ||

idānīmanyatvamapi nāsti | kiṃ kāraṇam? yadi hetoḥ phalasya ca bhavanmatenābhimatamanyatvaṃ syāt, tadā paratra nirapekṣatvād hetunirapekṣameva phalaṃ syāt | na caitadevam, ityataḥ anyatvamapi hetoḥ phalasya ca na saṃbhavati | yayośca evaṃ vicāryamāṇayostattvānyatve na staḥ, tayorna kadācijjanyajanakabhāvaḥ iṣyate | ato naiva hetuḥ phalaṃ janayati || 20 ||

kiṃ cānyat- yadi hetuḥ phalaṃ janayet, sa tatphalaṃ svabhāvena sadbhūtaṃ vā janayet, asadbhūtaṃ vā? ubhayathā ca na yujyate ityāha-

tatra yat phalaṃ svabhāvena sadbhūtaṃ svabhāvena vidyamānam, tanna punarjanyate vidyamānatvāt, vidyamānaghaṭavat | yadapi svabhāvena asadbhūtaṃ phalam, tadapi heturna janayati, svabhāvena asadbhūtatvāt, kharaviṣāṇavat ||

pratibimbenānaikāntikateti cet, bhavatu anaikāntikatā, naiḥsvābhāvyaṃ tu siddhaṃ bhāvānām | tataśca sasvabhāvavādatyāgaḥ syāt, asmadvādānuvarṇanameva syāt | sasvabhāvaśca na kaścit padārtho nāma astīti pratidvandvayabhāvāt niḥsvabhāvo 'pi padārtho nāstīti kuto 'naikāntikatā? na hi asmākaṃ pratibimbakaṃ sasvabhāvaṃ nāpi niḥsvabhāvam, dharmiṇamantareṇa taddharmayorapyabhāvāt | na hi āryāḥ pratibimbakaṃ nāma kiṃcit niḥsvabhāvaṃ sasvabhāvaṃ vā upalabhanta iti ||

tatra pūrvaṃ phalaṃ notpatsyate ityādinā ślokadvayena sākṣādutpattikriyākartṛtvaṃ phalasya niṣiddham | idānīṃ hetoḥ phalotpattikriyāprayojakatvaṃ pratiṣiddhamiti | ayamasya pūrvakādviśeṣa iti vijñeyam || 21 ||

atrāha- yadyapi hetoḥ phalotpattikriyāprayojakatvaṃ niṣiddham, tathāpi hetustāvat svabhāvato 'sti, na ca asati phale hetorhetutvaṃ sidhyati, tasmāt phalamapi bhaviṣyatīti | ucyate- syāddhetuḥ, yadi ajanayato 'sya hetutvaṃ syāt |

na cājanayamānasya hetutvamupapadyate |

atha syāt- yadyapi evaṃ hetorhetutvaṃ nāsti, tathāpi phalaṃ tāvadasti | na ca hetumantareṇa phalaṃ yuktamiti phalasadbhāvād heturapi bhaviṣyatīti | ucyate | yadā ajanayamānasya hetorhetutvaṃ nāstītyuktam, tadā-

iti | tasmāt phalamapi nāstīti || 22 ||

atrāha- naiva hi kevalasya hetoḥ phalotpattikriyāyāḥ prayojakatvam, kiṃ tarhi hetupratyayasāmagryā phalaṃ janyate iti | ucyate | uktadoṣatvāt na yuktametat | api ca, iyaṃ hetupratyayasāmagrī yadi phalasya janiketi kalpyate, kiṃ sāsvayameva tāvadātmānaṃ janayati, utāho na? yadi janayatīti kalpyate, tanna yujyate | na hi alabdhātmabhāvasya prayojakatvaṃ dṛṣṭamityataḥ sāmagryā avaśyaṃ labdhātmabhāvayā bhavitavyam | na ca labdhātmabhāvāyāḥ punaḥ svātmotpāde prayojakatvaṃ yuktam, ityataḥ na sāmagrī svātmānamutpādayati | yā ca ātmānaṃ notpādayati, sā kathaṃ phalamutpādayituṃ śaknotīti pratipādayannāha-

na ca pratyayahetūnāmiyamātmānamātmanā |

pratyayānāṃ hetūnāṃ ca yeyaṃ sāmagrī sā tāvadātmanaiva ātmānaṃ notpādayati, svātmani vṛttivirodhāt, satyāḥ punarutpādavaiyarthyācca | yā ca evamātmānameva tāvanna janayati, sā kathaṃ phalaṃ janayiṣyati? na hi bandhyāduhitā ātmānaṃ janayitumaśaktā satī putraṃ janayiṣyatīti yujyate | evaṃ sāmagryapi svātmājanikā phalaṃ janayatīti na yujyate || 23 ||

tasmāt-

na sāmagrīkṛtaṃ phalaṃ

athāpi syāt- yadi sāmagrīkṛtaṃ phalaṃ na saṃbhavati, evaṃ tarhi asāmagrīkṛtaṃ bhaviṣyatīti cet, ucyate-

atha syāt- yadyapi nāsti phalaṃ svabhāvataḥ, tathāpi hetupratyayasāmagrī tāvadasti | na ca phalamantareṇa hetupratyayasāmagrī saṃbhavatīti phalamapi saṃbhaviṣyatīti | ucyate | syāddhetupratyayasāmagrī, yadi phalameva bhavet | yadā tu yathoditena nyāyena phalameva nāsti, tadā-

phalābhāve sati nirhetukā hetupratyayasāmagrī api nāstītyabhiprāyaḥ | uktaṃ hi āryalalitavistarasūtre-

tathā āryopāliparipṛcchāyāmuktaṃ bhagavatā-

iha śāsani sūramaṇīye pravrajathā gṛhiliṅga jahitvā | phalavantu bhaviṣyatha śreṣṭhā eṣu nideśitu kāruṇikena | Note: Pp_177

alabhanta phalaṃ tatha prāptiṃ āścariyaṃ puna jāyati teṣām | aho 'tikāruṇiko narasiṃho suṣṭupadeśita yukti jinena || iti |

tathā āryaprajñāpāramitāyāmaṣṭasāhasrikāyām-

tena hi kauśika bodhisattvena mahāsattvena mahāsaṃnāhasaṃnaddhena na rūpe sthātavyaṃ na vedanāyāṃ na saṃjñāyāṃ na saṃskāreṣu na vijñāne sthātavyam | na srotaāpattiphale na sakṛdāgāmiphale na anāgāmiphale na arhattve na pratyekabuddhatve na samyaksaṃbuddhatve sthātavyam || iti ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau sāmagrīparīkṣā nāma viṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

21 saṃbhavavibhavaparīkṣā ekaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyata eva svabhāvataḥ kālaḥ, saṃbhavavibhavanimittatvāt | iha kaṃcit kālaviśeṣamapekṣya aṅkurotpattiḥ bhāvānāmutpādo bhavati, kaṃcitkālaviśeṣamapekṣya vibhavo vināśo bhavati, na sarvadā, vidyamānāyāmapi hetupratyayasāmagryām- ityato vidyata eva kālaḥ, saṃbhavavibhava nimittattvāt | ucyate | syāt saṃbhavavibhavanimittatā kālasya yadi saṃbhavavibhavāveva syātām | na tu staḥ | yathā ca na staḥ, tathā pratipādayannāha-

iha yadi saṃbhavavibhavau syātām, tau anyonyaṃ sahabhāvena vā syātām, vinābhāvena vā | ubhayathā ca vicāryamāṇau na saṃbhavataḥ | kathaṃ kṛtvā? tatra tāvad yathā vinā saṃbhavena utpādena vibhavo vināśo nāsti, tathā pratipādayannāha-

saṃbhavaṃ vinā kathaṃ nāma vibhavo vināśo bhaviṣyati? kathaṃ nāmetyanena prasiddhamatyantāsaṃbhavaṃ darśayati | kathaṃ nāma bhaviṣyati, naiva etatsaṃbhavatītyabhiprāyaḥ | yadi punarvinaiva saṃbhavaṃ vibhavaḥ syāt, ko doṣaḥ syāt? ucyate | vinaiva janma maraṇaṃ syāt, ajātasya maraṇaṃ syāt | na ca ajātasya maraṇaṃ dṛṣṭamiti | tasmādvibhavo nodbhavaṃ vinā bhavitumarhati | ādyenātra ślokasyārdhena pratijñā, madhyena pādena prasaṅgāpādanam, antyena nigamanamiti vijñeyam || 2 ||

evaṃ tāvadvinā saṃbhavena vibhavo na yuktaḥ iti pratipādya idānīṃ saha saṃbhavenāpi vibhavo na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi saṃbhavena saha yugapat tulyakālaṃ vibhavaḥ syāt, evaṃ sati janmamaraṇe yugapat syātām | na caivaṃ parasparaviruddhe ālokāndhakāravadekasmin kāle vidyete iti | tasmāt sahāpi saṃbhavena vibhavasya nāsti siddhiriti sthitam || 3 ||

yadā caivaṃ saṃbhavena vinā vā saha vā vibhavasya nāsti siddhiḥ, evaṃ saṃbhavasyāpi vinā vā saha vā vibhavena nāsti siddhiriti pratipādayannāha-

bhaviṣyati kathaṃ nāma saṃbhavo vibhavaṃ vinā

naiva hi saṃbhavo vibhavena vinā yujyate | yasmādanityatā hi bhāveṣu bhavanadharmakeṣu utpāda dharmakeṣu na kadācinna vidyate, kiṃ tarhi sarvadaiva vidyate | uktaṃ hi-

jarāmaraṇadharmeṣu sarvabhāveṣu sarvadā | tiṣṭhanti katame bhāvā ye jarāmaraṇaṃ vinā || iti |

yadā caivaṃ nityamanityatānugatāḥ sarve bhāvāḥ, tadā kutaḥ sā kācidavasthā yā vināśarahitā syāditi? ato nāsti vibhavena vinā utpāda iti | evaṃ tāvadvinā vibhavena nāsti saṃbhavaḥ | śeṣamatra saṃskṛtaparīkṣāyāṃ vicāritattvānna vicāryate ||

yastu sahetuko vināśaḥ, saṃskṛtalakṣaṇatvāt, utpādavat, iti sādhanamutkṣipya antyacittacaittakṣaṇairanaikāntikatāmāha, sa na yuktamāha, tadvināśasyāpi jātipratyayatvena sahetukatvāt sādhyasamatvācca anaikāntikatābhāvāt | yadapi nirdiṣṭam- bhāvātmabhāva eva abhūtvā bhāvādutpāda ucyate, tasmād dravyasadutpādasiddhervyavahārato dṛṣṭāntabhāva iti, tadapi na yuktam, adravyasatāṃ pratibimbādīnāṃ sahetukatvābhyupagamāt | yathoktamācāryapādaiḥ-

hetutaḥ saṃbhavo yeṣāṃ tadabhāvānna santi ye | kathaṃ nāma na te spaṣṭaṃ pratibimbasamā matāḥ || iti |

asmādā[gamāt] kuto vyavahārato dṛṣṭāntāsiddhiḥ? yadi ca bhāvāt, yat tattvānyatvena na śakyate vaktum, tat saṃvṛtyāpi nāstītyucyate | nīlādikamapi nāstītyucyate | yathoktaṃ ratnāvalyām-

api ca | kuto mādhyamikānāṃ svabhāvarūpaṃ siddhasattākaṃ yasya avasthāviśeṣa utpādaḥ syāt? ataḥ ayuktameva dṛṣṭāntāsiddhatodbhāvanam | yaccoktam- na sahetuko vināśaḥ, avināśavattvāt, yathā asaṃskṛtamiti, tasyaivaṃ bruvato mahāntaṃ virodhamayaṃ heturābhavati | yathā hi ayaṃ heturvināśasya nirhetukatvaṃ sādhayati, evaṃ saṃskṛtalakṣaṇatvābhāvamapi sādhayati | tathā saṃskāraskandhasaṃgrahapratītyasamutpādāṅgasaṃgrahādikamapi sarvaṃ virodhayatīti na yuktametanmatam | tathā | na vijñānaṃ viṣayasvarūpacchedakam, avijñānavattvāt, asaṃskṛtavat, ityādinā sarvaniṣedhānmahatī aniṣṭāpattirupapadyate 'sya, iti nāstheyametat || 4 ||

idānīṃ vibhavena saha yathā saṃbhavasya nāsti siddhiḥ, tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi saṃbhavo vibhavenaiva saha syāt, tadā janmamaraṇayostulyakālatā syāt | na ca [sā] saṃbhavati | tasmāt sahabhāvenāpi saṃbhavavibhavayornāsti siddhiḥ || 5 ||

atha syāt- yadyapi janmamaraṇayorekībhāvena vā nānābhāvena vā nāsti siddhiḥ, tathāpi vidyete eva saṃbhavavibhavau, vācyatvāt, vijñānavat, iti | ucyate | yadi vācyatvena anayoḥ siddhiriṣyate, vandhyāputrasyāpi iṣyatām ||

api ca-

sahabhāvāsahabhāvarahitaṃ nāsti pakṣāntaraṃ yataḥ saṃbhavavibhavayoḥ siddhiḥ syāt | avācyatayā siddhirbhaviṣyatīti cet, keyamavācyatā nāma? yadi miśrībhāvaḥ, so 'nupapannaḥ, pṛthakpṛthagasiddhayo miśrībhāvābhāvāt | anirdhāryamāṇau svarūpatvāt bandhyāputraśyāmagauratādivanna staḥ eva saṃbhavavibhavāviti | yadā caivaṃ saṃbhavavibhavau na staḥ, tadā taddheturapi kālo nāstīti siddham || 6 ||

kiṃ cānyat- ihemau saṃbhavavibhavau parikalpyamānau kṣayadharmiṇo vā bhāvasya parikalpyeyātāmakṣayadharmiṇo vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha-

tatra kṣayasya kṣayalakṣaṇasya bhāvasya virodhidharmasadbhāvāt saṃbhavo na yuktaḥ | akṣayasyāpi bhāvalakṣaṇaviyuktatvāt kharaviṣāṇasyeva saṃbhavo na yuktaḥ | evaṃ kṣayasya vibhavo nāsti | kṣayadharmo hi avidyamānaḥ, tasya nirāśrayo vibhavo na yuktaḥ | tathā vibhavo nākṣayasya ca | akṣayadharmo hi bhāvābhāvalakṣaṇavilakṣaṇaḥ | tasya avidyamānasya kuto vibhavo bhaviṣyati? yau ca saṃbhavavibhavau na kṣayadharmiṇo nākṣayadharmiṇo bhāvasya saṃbhavataḥ, tau na saṃbhavataḥ | iti na staḥ saṃbhavavibhavau |7 ||

atrāha- vidyete eva bhāvānāṃ saṃbhavavibhavau, tadāśrayidharmisadbhāvāt | iha bhāvāśrayau saṃbhavavibhavau, sa ca tāvad bhāvo 'sti, tatsadbhāvāt tadāśritāvapi dharmau bhaviṣyataḥ iti | ucyate | syātāṃ bhāvāśritāvetau dharmau, yadi bhāvaḥ syāt | yadā tu bhāvo nāsti, tadā-

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva vinā bhāvaṃ na vidyate |

kasmātpunarbhāvo nāstīti cet, yasmāt-

bhāvasya hi lakṣaṇabhūtau saṃbhavavibhavau, tau ca svarūpato na staḥ iti pratiṣiddhau | yadā ca tau bhāvataḥ pratiṣiddhau, tadā bhāvalakṣaṇaṃ saṃbhavaṃ vibhavaṃ ca vinā kuto bhāvalakṣaṇavilakṣaṇo bhāvo bhaviṣyati? bhāvaṃ ca vinā na staḥ saṃbhavavibhavau ||

apare tu pūrvārdhaṃ paścimaṃ kṛtvā vyācakṣate | staḥ eva saṃbhavavibhavau, bhāvadharmatvāt | iha yannāsti, na tasyāsti bhāvadharmatvam, tadyathā maṇḍūkajaṭāśiromaṇeḥ | bhāvadharmau ca saṃbhavavibhavau, (Pp_181) tasmāt staḥ eva tau iti | yadi kasyacit paramārthataḥ saṃbhavavibhavau syātām, sa bhāva iti yuktaṃ syādabhidhātum | tau ca na staḥ, iti

saṃbhavaṃ vibhavaṃ caiva vinā bhāvo na vidyate |

bhāvasya saṃbhavavibhavasattve vidyamānatvāt, iti bhāvaḥ | tadasattve ca hetorasiddhārthatā | tathā-

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva vinā bhāvaṃ na vidyate ||

kiṃ cānyat- ihemau saṃbhavavibhavau parikalpamānau śūnyasya vā bhāvasya parikalpyeyātāmaśūnyasya vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha-

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva na śūnyasyopapadyate |

avidyamānāśrayatvādākāśacitravadityabhiprāyaḥ | tathā-

kiṃ cānyat- iha yadi saṃbhavavibhavau syātām, tau ekatvena vā syātāmanyatvena vā? ubhayathā ca nopapadyate ityāha-

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva naika ityupapadyate |

parasparaviruddhayorālokāndhakārayorivaikatvānupapatteḥ |

ubhayoḥ parasparamavyabhicāritvāt | na hi saṃbhavarahitasya vināśaḥ, na vibhavarahitasya saṃbhavo dṛṣṭa iti | evamubhayoḥ parasparamavyabhicāritvāt

saṃbhavo vibhavaścaiva na nānetyupapadyate ||

atha syāt- kimanayā sūkṣmekṣikayā? āgopālāṅganādiko hi janaḥ yasmāt saṃbhavaṃ vibhavaṃ ca paśyati, tasmāt staḥ saṃbhavavibhavau | na hi avidyamāno vandhyātanayaḥ śakyo draṣṭumiti | evamapi-

dṛśyate saṃbhavaścaiva vibhavaścaiva te bhavet |

ucyate | anaikāntikametat | na hi yad yad lokenopalabhyate tasya tasya astitvam | tathā hi āgopālāṅganādiko jano gandharvanagaramāyāsvapnālātacakramarīcikāsalilādikamavidyamānamapi paśyati indriyopaghātāt, evamimāvapi saṃbhavavibhavau asantau mohādeva paśyatītyāha-

atha kasmāt punaretadevaṃ niścīyate- avidyamānasvarūpāvimau saṃbhavavibhavau mohādeva vāralokena dṛśyete iti | yuktyā hyetadevaṃ niścīyate | kā punaratra yuktiḥ? iha yadi kaścid bhāvo nāma bhavet, niyataṃ sa bhāvādvā jāyeta abhāvādvā | tathā yadi abhāvo nāma kaścit, so 'pi bhāvādvā jāyeta abhāvādvā | ubhayathā ca ubhayorapyasaṃbhavaḥ ityāha-

bhāvāt tāvat saṃbhavākhyād bhāvasya saṃbhavākhyasya utpādo na vidyate, kāryakāraṇayoryaugapadyābhāvāt, utpādasya ca labdhajanmanaḥ punarutpādavaiyarthyāt | abhāvādapi bhāvo na jāyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? abhāvo hi nāma vibhavo vināśaḥ | sa ca bhāvaviruddhaḥ | tasmādbhāvaviruddhāt kathaṃ bhāvaḥ syāt? yadi syāt, tadā vandhyāduhiturapi putraḥ syāt | na caitadevamiti | tasmādabhāvādapi bhāvo na bhavati | idānīmabhāvo 'pyabhāvānna bhavati | bhāvanivṛttirūpo hi abhāvaḥ, tata kuto 'sya kāryakaraṇasāmarthyam? yadi syāt, nirvāṇasyāpi kāryakaraṇasāmarthyaṃ syāt | yadi ca abhāvādabhāvaḥ syāt, tadā vandhyāduhiturapi putraḥ syāt | na caitadevamiti | tasmādabhāvādapyabhāvo na bhavati | idānīṃ bhāvādapyabhāvo na bhavati | bhāvaviruddho hyabhāvaḥ | sa kathaṃ bhāvādbhavet | yadi bhavet, pradīpādandhakāraḥ syāt | yataścaivaṃ vicāryamāṇau saṃbhavavibhavau na staḥ, tasmānmohādeva lokena dṛśyete iti vijñeyam ||

athavā | ayamanyaḥ pūrvapakṣaḥ- iha hi yadi saṃbhavavibhavau syātām, tau bhāvāśrayau vā syātāmabhāvāśrayau vā | tau ca bhāvābhāvau sarvathā vicāryamāṇau na saṃbhavataḥ | tataśca kuto nirāśrayau saṃbhavavibhavāviti? ataḥ-

dṛśyate saṃbhavaścaiva mohādvibhava eva ca |

iti vijñeyam | yathā ca bhāvābhāvau na saṃbhavataḥ, tathā pratipādayannāha-

api ca | yadi kaścid bhāvo nāma syāt, tasya udayavyayavattvāt saṃbhavavibhavau syātām | na ca kaścid bhāvaḥ svarūpato 'sti kharaviṣāṇavat svabhāvānutpannatvāt | anutpannatvamasiddhamiti cet, tat siddham, yasmāt-

etacca ādya eva prakaraṇe vyākhyātattvānna punarvyākhyāyate | yaścaivaṃ yathoktaprakāreṇa jāyate sa idānīṃ kuto jāyate? naiva kutaścijjāyate ityabhiprāyaḥ | avaśyaṃ caitadevamabhyupeyam- sarvathā nāsti bhāvasyotpāda iti || 13 ||

bhāvasadbhāvatābhyupagame ca bhavataḥ śāśvatocchedadarśanamāpadyate bauddhamatānugasyetyāha- bhāvamabhyupapannasya śāśvatocchedadarśanam | prasajyate

yasmāt,

yo hi yathoditapadārthavyavasthāmatikramya bhāvasadbhāvadarśanamabhyupaiti, tasya avaśyaṃ pravacanātyantaviruddhaṃ śāśvatocchedadarśanadvayamāpadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt sa bhāvaḥ parikalpyamānaḥ nityo vā bhavedanityo vā | yadi nityaḥ, tadā niyataṃ śāśvatavādaḥ | atha anityaḥ, tadā niyatamuccheda iti || 14 ||

atrāha-

bhāvamabhyupapannasya naivocchedo na śāśvatam |

kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt-

yo hi hetuphalayorudayavyayānuprabandhaḥ, sa hi asmākaṃ bhavaḥ saṃsāraḥ | tatra yadi heturnirudhyeta, taddhetukaṃ phalaṃ notpadyeta, tadā syāducchedavādadoṣaḥ | yadi ca heturna nirudhyeta, svarūpeṇāvatiṣṭhet, tadā syācchāśvatavādadarśanadoṣaḥ | na caitadevamiti | tasmād bhāvābhyupagame 'pi nāsti śāśvatocchedadarśanadoṣadvayaprasaṅgaḥ | sa eva saṃsāraḥ yo 'yaṃ hetuphalāvicchinnakramavartī utpādavyayānuprabandhaḥ saṃskārāṇāmiti | ato nāsti asmākamayaṃ doṣa iti || 15 ||

ucyate-

udayavyayasaṃtānaḥ phalahetvorbhavaḥ sa cet |

nanu evamapi-

yo hi hetukṣaṇaḥ phalasyotpattau hetubhāvamupetya nirudhyate, nanu tasya vyayavato hetukṣaṇasya punaranutpādāducchedadarśanamāpadyate | tavāyaṃ kathaṃ na doṣa iti cet, bhāvamabhyupapannasya ayaṃ doṣaḥ | na ca mayā bhāvo 'bhyupagataḥ, svabhāvānutpannatvāt sarvadharmāṇām | yatrāpi mayā-

ityuktam, tatrāpi amunā nyāyena naiḥsvābhāvyameva bhāvānāṃ pratipāditam | anyathā hi sati bhāvasvarūpe bījāṅkurayoḥ kathamanyatvaṃ na syāt? tasmānnāyaṃ prasaṅgo 'smākaṃ bādhaka iti || 16 ||

evaṃ tāvad bhāvamabhyupapannasya hetoḥ punaranutpādāducchedadarśanaprasaṅgamudbhāvya idānīṃ śāśvatavāde doṣaprasaṅgamudbhāvayannāha-

sadbhāvasya svabhāvena nāsadbhāvaśca yujyate |

yadi hi hetoḥ sadbhāvaḥ svabhāvataḥ syāt, tasya paścādasadbhāvo na syāt svabhāvasyā napāyitvāt | tataśca śāśvatadarśanaprasaṅgaḥ tadavastha eva ||

kiṃ cānyat-

yadyapi hetuphalayorudayavyayasaṃtānapravṛttyā śāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅgaḥ parihriyate, tathāpi yatrāsya saṃtānasya punarapyapravṛttiḥ, tatra nirvāṇe niyatamucchedadarśanamāpadyate | ucchedadarśanaṃ ca prahātavyamityuktaṃ bhagavatā | evaṃvidhamucchedadarśanaṃ na bhaviṣyatīti cet, anyadapi kimarthaṃ bhavatā bhaviṣyatīti bhāvavicchedālambanatvāt, nirvāṇakāle bhāvavicchedālambanavadityabhiprāyaḥ ||

yaccoktam-

udayavyayasaṃtānaḥ phalahetvorbhavaḥ sa hi |

iti, tadapi nopapadyate | kathaṃ kṛtvā? iha hi caramo bhavo nivṛttilakṣaṇaḥ, prathamo gatipratisaṃdhilakṣaṇaḥ | tatra caramo bhavo nirudhyamāno hetutvenāvatiṣṭhate | upapattilakṣaṇastu prathamo bhavaḥ phalarūpatvena vyavatiṣṭhate | anayośca bhavayoḥ saṃsāra iti saṃjñā kṛtā || 17 ||

atra ca idaṃ vicāryate- ya eṣa prathamo bhavaḥ phalarūpatvena vyavasthāpyate, sa kiṃ carame bhave niruddhe upajāyate, athāniruddhe, uta nirudhyamāne, yato hetuphalānuprabandhāt saṃsāraḥ syāt? sarvathā ca vicāryamāṇo na saṃbhavatīti pratipādayannāha-

tatra yadi carame bhave niruddhe prathamo bhavo jāyate iti parikalpyate, tadā nirhetuka syāt | dahanadagdhabījādapi aṅkurodayaḥ syāt | na caitadiṣṭam | tasmāccarame niruddhe prathamo bhavo na yujyate ||

idānīmaniruddhe 'pi carame bhave prathamo bhavo na yujyate | yadi syāt, nirhetukaḥ syāt, dvirūpatā ca ekasya sattvasya syāt, apūrvasattvaprādurbhāvaśca, pūrvasya ca nityatā syāt, avinaṣṭe ca bīje aṅkurodayaḥ syāt | na caitadevamiṣṭamiti | ataḥ-

carame nāniruddhe ca prathamo yujyate bhavaḥ |

idānīṃ nirudhyamāne 'pi carame bhave prathamo bhavo yathā nopapadyate tathā pratipādayannāha-

tatra nirudhyamāno vartamāno vartamānapratyayāntavācyatvāt, jāyate ityapi vartamāna evocyate vartamānaśabdavācyatvāt | athavā nirudhyamāno nirodhakriyākārakaḥ | yaścāpi jāyate, asāvapi janikriyākārakaḥ, tau ca ekakālāviṣyamāṇau yaugapadyenaiva staḥ | tataśca nirudhyamānaḥ eko bhavaḥ syāt, jāyamānaścāpara iti yaugapadyenaiva dvau bhavau prāpnutaḥ | na caikasya yugapad dvau bhavau saṃbhavataḥ ityuktametat || 19 ||

tadevaṃ yathoktena vicārakameṇa-

caśabdaḥ samuccayārthaḥ | pṛthakpṛthak ceti etatsaṃnidhāpayati | yadā evaṃ yathoditanyāyena niruddhe carame prathamo bhavo na saṃbhavati, aniruddhe 'pi carame prathamo bhavo na saṃbhavati, sārdhaṃ caikasmiśca kāle caramena bhavena saha prathamo bhavo na saṃbhavati, tat kimidānīṃ yeṣu eva skandheṣu mriyate teṣu eva jāyate iti syāt | yeṣu skandheṣu sthito mriyate, teṣveva jāyate iti atyantaviruddhametat | na hi mriyamāṇo jāyate iti dṛṣṭam || 20 ||

tat-

evaṃ triṣvapi kāleṣu na yuktā

bhavadabhimatā

bhavasaṃtatiḥ |

carame bhave niruddhe 'niruddhe nirudhyamāne yasmāt prathamo bhavo na saṃbhavati, tasmāt triṣvapi kāleṣu bhavasaṃtirnāsti |

yā ca idānīṃ triṣu kāleṣu nāsti, kutaḥ sā anyenātmanā bhaviṣyatīti sarvathā nāsti bhavanmatā bhavasaṃtatiḥ | tataśca yaduktam-

udayavyayasaṃtānaḥ phalahetvorbhavaḥ sa hi |

iti, tanna yuktam | tataśca bhāvābhyupagame sati sa eva śāśvatocchedavādaprasaṅgo durnivāro bhavatām, ityato nāstyeva bhāvānāṃ svabhāvata utpattiriti siddham | yathoktamāryasamādhirājabhaṭṭārake-

tathā-

ata evoktamāryanāgārjunapādaiḥ svādhyāyadīpamudrādarpaṇaghoṣārkakāntabījāmraiḥ | skandhapratisaṃdhirasaṃkramaśca vidvadbhiravadhāryau || iti |

tathā bhagavān-

jāyate cyavate cāpi na ca jātirna ca cyutiḥ | yasya vijānata eṣa samādhirnāsya durlabhaḥ || iti|

tathā-

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau saṃbhavavibhavaparīkṣā nāma ekaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

22 tathāgataparīkṣā dvāviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyata eva bhavasaṃtatiḥ, tathāgatasadbhāvāt | iha hi bhagavatā mahākaruṇopāyaprajñādvayadhāriṇā sakalatraidhātukāśeṣasattvajātyādiduḥkhavyupaśamaikamanasā tribhiḥ kalpāsaṃkhyeyaiḥ saptabhirvā nairantaryakrameṇodyacchatā taistairniratiśayairativicitraiḥ puṇyakriyāprārambhaiḥ sakalajagaddhitodayaikakriyālakṣaṇaiḥ priyaikaputrādapyadhikataraniravaśeṣajagadanugrahatatpareṇa mahākaruṇāparavaśena tatratatropapattyāyatane kṣitisalilajvalanapavanasādhāraṇabhaiṣajyamahāmahīruhavajjanānāṃ svecchāta upabhogyatāmātmānamupagamayatā mahākālena sārvajñaṃ sarvākāraparicchedi padamadhigatam | sa evamadhigatasarvajñajñāno bhagavān yathā dharmāṇāṃ tattvaṃ vyavasthitaṃ tathaiva aśeṣato gatatvād buddhatvāt tathāgata ityucyate | yadi bhavasaṃtatirna syāt, tadā tathāgato 'pi na syāt | na hi ekena janmanā śakyaṃ tathāgatatvamanuprāptum | tasmādvidyata eva bhavasaṃtatiḥ, tathāgatasadbhāvāditi | ucyate | bhavadīyameva hi idamatimahadajñānaṃ bhavasaṃtānasya avicchedavartitāṃ ca atidīrghakālaṃ ca gamayati, yasya nāma bhavataḥ atimahadajñānadhanāndhakārameva vicitrairupapattiśaraccandrajñānālokairvidhvasyamānamapi aticiratarakālābhyāsavāsanāvistarābhivṛddhamadyāpi na vidhvasyate na nivartate | yadi hi tathāgato nāma kaścit syāt svabhāvataḥ, tadā tasya mahatā kālenābhiniṣpatterbhavasaṃtatiḥ syāt | na ca tathāgato nāma kaścid bhāvasvabhāvata upalabhyate | kevalaṃ tu bhavānavidyātimiropahatamatinayanatayā dvicandrakeśamaśakādivanmithyā tathāgataṃ nāma svabhāvata upalabhate | yathā ca tathāgato nāsti svabhāvataḥ, tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi tathāgato nāma kaścit padārtho 'malo niṣprapañcaḥ syāt, sa skandhasvabhāvo vā bhavet, rūpavedanāsaṃjñāsaṃskāravijñānākhyaskandhapañcakasvabhāvo vā bhavet | yadi vā śīlasamādhiprajñāvimuktivimuktijñānadarśanākhyapañcaskandhasvabhāvaḥ, tadvayatirikto vā bhavet | pūrvakā eva pañca skandhāḥ sattvaprajñaptinimittatvādiha vicāre parigṛhyante nottare, avyāpakatvādeṣāṃ pūrvakairantarbhāvita tvāditi ||

yadi vā pañcaskandhavyatirikto bhavet, tatra tathāgate vā skandhāḥ syuḥ, skandheṣu vā sa bhavet, tathāgato vā skandhavān bhavet dhanavāniva devadattaḥ? sarvathā ca vicāryamāṇo na saṃbhavati | kathaṃ kṛtvā? tatra tāvat skandhā eva na tathāgataḥ | kiṃ kāraṇam? uktaṃ hi-

yadindhanaṃ sa cedagnirekatvaṃ kartṛkarmaṇoḥ |

bhavediti, tadihāpi yojyam,

sa buddho yo hyupādānamekatvaṃ kartṛkarmaṇoḥ |

bhavediti | tathā-

ātmā skandhā yadi bhavedudayavyayabhāgbhavet |

ityuktam, tadihāpi yojyam,

buddhaḥ skandhā yadi bhavedudayavyayabhāgbhavet | iti |

evaṃ tāvat skandhā na tathāgataḥ || idānīṃ nānyaḥ skandhebhyastathāgata iti | kiṃ kāraṇam? uktaṃ hi-

anyaścedindhanādagnirindhanādaṣyṛte bhavet |

tathā-

tathā ihāpi yojyam,

buddho 'nyaścedupādānādupādānaṃ vinā bhavet |

tathā-

tathā-

skandhebhyo 'nyo yadi bhavedbhavedaskandhalakṣaṇaḥ |iti |

anyatvābhāvācca skandhādīnāṃ tathāgatasya ca, tathāgate skandhā nopapadyante ||

nāpi skandheṣu tathāgata iti upapadyate | uktaṃ caitanmadhyamakāvatāre pakṣadvayavyākhyānam-

skandhavānapi tathāgato yathā na bhavati, tathā tatraivoktam-

iṣṭo nātmā rūpavānnāsti yasmādātmā vattvārthopayogo hi nātaḥ | Note: Pp_189 bhede gomān rūpavānaṣyabhede tattvānyatve 'rūpato nātmanaḥ staḥ ||

tattvānyatvapakṣe eva tu pañcāpi pakṣā antargatā vastutaḥ | satkāyadṛṣṭipravṛttyapekṣayā tu pañca pakṣāḥ samupavarṇyante ācāryeṇeti vijñeyam | yaścaivaṃ skandheṣu pañcadhā vicāryamāṇo nāsti tathāgataḥ, sa kenānyena ātmanā bhaviṣyatīti, sarvathā na saṃbhavatyeva tathāgata iti bhāvasvabhāvādapaśyanta ācāryapādāḥ prāhuḥ- katamo 'tra tathāgata iti | nāstyeva sa kaścit sakalatrailokyavastuvipaścidbhāvasvabhāva ityabhiprāyaḥ | tathāgatābhāvācca bhavasaṃtatirapi dravyasaṃtatirnāstīti siddham || 1 ||

atraike vadanti- naiva hi skandhāstathāgata iti brūmaḥ, yathoktadoṣaprasaṅgāt | nāpi skandhavyatiriktaḥ | nāpi tathāgate anāsravān skandhān varṇayāmaḥ, himavati parvate iva tarukhaṇḍam | nāpi skandheṣu, tarukhaṇḍe eva siṃham | nāpi skandhavantaṃ varṇayāmaḥ, lakṣaṇavantamiva cakravartinam, ekatvānyatvānabhyupagamādeva | kiṃ tarhi skandhānamalānupādāya tattvānyatvādyavācyaṃ tathāgataṃ vyavasthāpayāmaḥ | tasmānnāyaṃ vidhirasmākaṃ bādhaka iti | atrocyate-

yadi hi buddho bhagavānamalān skandhānupādāya tattvānyatvenāvaktavyaḥ prajñapyate, na tarhi svabhāvataḥ so 'stīti vyaktamāpadyate, pratibimbavadupādāya prajñapyamānatvāt | yaśca idānīṃ svabhāvato nāsti ātmīyena svarūpeṇa, sa kathamavidyamānaḥ svabhāvataḥ skandhānupādāya parabhāvato bhaviṣyatīti? na hi avidyamāno vandhyātanayaḥ parabhāvamapekṣya bhavatīti yujyate || 2 ||

atha syāt- yathaiva hi pratibimbakaṃ svabhāvato 'saṃvidyamānamapi parabhāvaṃ mukhādarśādikamapekṣya bhavati, evaṃ ca tathāgato 'pi svabhāvato 'saṃvidyamānaḥ anāsravān pañca skandhānupādāya parabhāvato bhaviṣyatīti, evamapi-

yadi pratibimbavat parabhāvaṃ pratītya tathāgataḥ iṣyate, evaṃ sati pratibimbavadeva sa tathāgato 'nātmetyupapadyate | na tu svabhāvata iti yujyate | ātmaśabdo 'yaṃ svabhāvaśabdaparyāyaḥ | yaśca anātmā niḥsvabhāvaḥ pratibimbavadeva, sa kathaṃ tathāgataḥ svabhāvarūpato bhaviṣyati? aviparītamārgagato na bhaviṣyatītyabhiprāyaḥ || 3 ||

kiṃ cānyat- iha yadi tathāgatasya kaścit svabhāvaḥ syāt, tadā tatsvabhāvāpekṣayā skandhasvabhāvaḥ parabhāva iti syāt, taṃ ca parabhāvaṃ pratītya tathāgataḥ syāt | yadā tu tathāgatasya svabhāva eva nāsti, tadā kutaḥ skandhānāṃ paratvaṃ syāditi pratipādayannāha-

yadi nāsti svabhāvaśca parabhāvaḥ kathaṃ bhavet |

yadā caivaṃ svabhāvaparabhāvau na staḥ, tadā

padārtho hi bhavan svabhāvo bhavet, parabhāvo vā | tābhyāṃ tu vinā ko 'sau aparaḥ padārtho 'sti, yastathāgata iti vyavasthāpyate? tasmānnāsti svabhāvatastathāgata iti || 4 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

yadi manyase- skandhebhyastattvānyatvena avaktavyastathāgataḥ skandhānupādāya prajñapyate iti, tat kadā yujyate? yadi skandhānanupādāya agṛhītvā pūrvaṃ kaścittathāgato nāma bhavet, sa skandhānupādadyāt | vyatirikta eva hi pūrvasiddho dhanād devadatto dhanasyopādānaṃ kurute, tadvadetān skandhānanupādāya yadi kaścit tathāgataḥ syāt, sa idānīṃ skandhānupādadyāt, tataśca tān skandhānupādāya tato bhavet || 5 ||

vicāryamāṇastu sarvathā-

skandhāṃścāpyanupādāya nāsti kaścittathāgataḥ |

nirhetukatvaprasaṅgāt |

avidyamānatvādityabhiprāyaḥ | yadā caivaṃ na kiṃcidapyupādatte, tadā skandhānupādāya tathāgato nāma bhaviṣyatīti nopapadyate || 6 ||

yadā caivaṃ tathāgataḥ upādānātpūrvamavidyamānatvāt na kiṃcidupādatte, tadā tadupādānasyāpi kenacidapi anupādīyamānasya upādānatvaṃ na saṃbhavatyeveti pratipādayannāha-

na bhavatyanupādattamupādānaṃ ca kiṃcana |

yadā caivamupādānaṃ kenacidapyanupādīyamānatvādupādānaṃ na bhavatīti, tadā upādānābhāvādupādātāpi kaścinnāstīti pratipādayannāha-

tadevaṃ yathopapāditanyāyena-

yo hi tathāgato vicāryamāṇo mṛgyamāṇaḥ tattvenaskandhebhya ekatvena nāsti, anyatvena skandhebhyaḥ pṛthaktvena ca yo nāsti, evaṃ tattvānyatvāsatvādādhārādheyatadvatpakṣapañcaprakārairmṛgyamāṇo (Pp_191) yo nāsti, sa kathamatyanto 'saṃvidyamānastathāgataḥ upādānena śakyaḥ prajñapayitum? ityato 'pi nāsti tathāgato nāma svabhāvataḥ || 8 ||

na kevalamanena vicāreṇa tathāgata eva nāsti,

yadapīdamupādānaṃ tatsvabhāvatvānna vidyate |

yadapi idamupādānaṃ rūpavedanāsaṃjñāsaṃskāravijñānākhyaṃ skandhapañcakam, tadapi svabhāvena na vidyate, pratītyasamutpannatvāt, skandhaparīkṣāyāṃ ca vistareṇa pratiṣiddhatvāt ||

athāpi syāt- yadyapi svabhāvataḥ upādānaṃ nāsti, tathāpi hetupratyayātmakāt parabhāvā dbhaviṣyatīti, tadāpi nopapadyate iti pratipādayannāha-

na hi bandhyāsūnuḥ svabhāvato 'saṃvidyamānaḥ śakyaḥ parabhāvena prajñapayitumiti | ataḥ upādānamapi nāsti ||

athavā-

yadapīdamupādānaṃ tatsvabhāvānna vidyate |

upādātṛsāpekṣatvādupādātṛnirapekṣasya ca upādānatvābhāvānnāsti svabhāvasiddhamupādānam | atha yadyapi upādātṛnirapekṣamupādānaṃ svabhāvasiddhaṃ na saṃbhavati, evaṃ tadupādātrapekṣameva bhavatviti | ucyate | evamapi-

svabhāvataśca yannāsti kutastatparabhāvataḥ ||

svabhāvato yadupādānaṃ na siddham, tadavidyamānasvabhāvaṃ kathamupādātuḥ parabhāvato bhaviṣyatīti | tasmādupādānamapi nāstīti || 9 ||

idānīṃ yathāprasādhitamevārthamupadarśayannāha-

evaṃ śūnyamupādānamupādātā ca sarvaśaḥ |

sarveṇa prakāreṇa vicāryamāṇaṃ śūnyamupādānaṃ niḥsvabhāvam, upādātā ca śūnyaḥ svabhāvarahitaḥ | tenedānīmupādānena-

naiva tatsaṃbhavati yadavidyamānena avidyamānasya tathāgatasya prajñaptiḥ syāditi | tasmāt skandhānupādāya tathāgataḥ prajñapyate iti nopapadyate ||

atrāhuḥ- aho vata hatā pratyāśā asmākam, ye hi nāma vayaṃ svavikalpavikalpitātikaṭhinakudarśanamālutālatājālāvabaddheṣu nirvāṇapuragāmyaviparītamārgagamanaparibhraṣṭeṣu anatikrāntasaṃsārāṭavīkāntāradurgeṣu kaṇabhakṣākṣapādadigambarajaimininaiyāyikaprabhṛtiṣu tīrthakareṣu aviparītasvargāpavargamārgopadeśābhimāniṣu spṛhāṃ parityajya niravaśeṣānyatīrthyamatāndhakāropaghātakaṃ svargāpavargānugāmyaviparītamārgasaṃprakāśakaṃ saddharmadeśanātipaṭutarakiraṇavyāptāśeṣāśāmukhaṃ vividhavineyajanamatikamalakuṅmalavibodhanatatparaṃ (Pp_192) yathāvadavasthitapadārthatattvārthabhājanānāmamalaikacakṣurbhūtaṃ sakalajagaccharaṇyabhūtamadvitīyaṃ daśabalavaiśāradyāveṇikabuddhadharmāmalamaṇḍalaṃ mahāyānamahānayasārathivaraṃ saptabodhyaṅgottuṅgaturaṃgapadātiyojitaṃ sakalatribhuvanajanajātijarāmaraṇasaṃsārakāntārasariducchoṣaṇatatparaṃ caturasamamārārātisamaraśarasaṃpātavijayinaṃ sakalajagadasadgrāharāhugrahavigrahodgrahanirāsinaṃ tathāgatasavitāramajñānadhanagahanāndhakāranirākaraṇāya mokṣārthino 'tuttarasamyaksaṃbodhyarthinaḥ śaraṇaṃ pratipannāḥ, tasya ca tvayā-

ityādinā svabhāvato 'sattvaṃ vruvatā bhavatā hatā asmākaṃ mokṣapratyāśā anuttarasamyaksaṃbodhyāgamābhilāṣaḥ iti | tadalaṃ bhavatā tathāgatamahādityapracchādakena ākālikadhanadhanāvalīvisaraṇena jagadandhakāropameneti | ucyate | asmākameva hatā pratyāśā bhavadvidheṣvabudhajaneṣu ye hi nāma bhavantaḥ mokṣakāmatayā anyatīrthyamatāni parityajya bhagavantaṃ tathāgatamapi aviparītaṃ paramaśāstāraṃ pratipadya paramagambhīramanuttaraṃ sarvatīrthyavādāsādhāraṇaṃ nairātmyasiṃhanādamasahamānāḥ kuraṅgamā iva svādhimuktidaridratayā vividhakudṛṣṭivyālamālākulaṃ viparyastajanānuyātaṃ tameva mahāghorasaṃsārāṭavīkāntāracārakānugamārgamavagāhante | na hi tathāgatāḥ kadācidapyātmanaḥ skandhānāṃ vā astitvaṃ prajñapayanti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatyām-

buddho 'pyāyuṣman subhūte māyopamaḥ svapnopamaḥ | buddhadharmā apyāyuṣman subhūte māyopamāḥ svapnopamāḥ || iti ||

tathā-

dharma svabhāvatu śūnya vivikto bodhi svabhāvatu śūnya viviktā | yo hi caretsa pi śūnyasvabhāvo jñānavato na tu bālajanasya || iti |

api ca | niḥsvabhāvaṃ hi tathāgataṃ vyācakṣāṇena aviparītārthābhidhitsunā yogināṃ satā sarvathā-

śūnyamiti na vaktavyamaśūnyamiti vā bhavet | ubhayaṃ nobhayaṃ ceti

sarvametanna vaktavyamasmābhiḥ | kiṃ tu anukte yathāvadavasthitaṃ svabhāvaṃ pratipattā pratipattuṃ na samartha ityato vayamapi āropato vyavahārasatye eva sthitvā vyavahārārthaṃ vineyajanānurodhena (Pp_193) śūnyamityapi brūmaḥ, aśūnyamityapi, śūnyāśūnyamityapi, naiva śūnyaṃ nāśūnyamityapi brūmaḥ | ata evāha

iti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

śūnyāḥ sarvadharmā niḥsvabhāvayogena | nirnimittāḥ sarvadharmā nirnimittatāmupādāya | apraṇihitāḥ sarvadharmā apraṇidhānayogena | prakṛtiprabhāsvarāḥ sarvadharmāḥ prajñāpāramitāpariśuddhayā | iti ||

anyatra aśūnyamuktam-

atītaṃ cedbhikṣavo rūpaṃ nābhaviṣyanna śrutavānāryaśrāvako 'tītaṃ rūpamabhyanandiṣyat | yasmāttarhi bhikṣavaḥ asti atītaṃ rūpam, tasmādāryaśrāvakaḥ śrutavānatītaṃ rūpamabhinandatīti | anāgataṃ cedbhikṣavaḥ- ityādi | evaṃ yāvat atītaṃ cedbhikṣavo vijñānaṃ nābhaviṣyat- ityādi pūrvavat ||

tathā sautrāntikamate atītānāgataṃ śūnyam, anyadaśūnyam | viprayuktā vijñaptiḥ śūnyā | vijñānavāde 'pi kalpitasvabhāvasya śūnyatvam, apratītyasamutpannatvāt, taimirikadvicandrādi darśanavat |

yena tvabhiprāyeṇa śūnyatvādikamupadiśyate, sa ātmaparīkṣāto boddhavyaḥ | yathoktaṃ sūtre-

rathacakravad bhramati sarvajagat tiryakṣu pretanirayeṣu gatāḥ | mūḍhā adeśika anāthagatāḥ teṣāṃ pradarśayasi mārgavaram || iti |

na ca kevalaṃ śūnyatvādikameva catuṣṭayaṃ tathāgate na saṃbhavati, api ca-

iha caturdaśa avyākṛtavastūni bhagavatā nirdiṣṭāni | tadyathā- śāśvato lokaḥ, aśāśvato lokaḥ, śāśvataśca aśāśvataśca lokaḥ, naiva śāśvato nāśāśvataśca lokaḥ, iti catuṣṭayam | antavān lokaḥ, anantavān lokaḥ, antavāṃśca anantavāṃśca lokaḥ, naiva antavān na anantavāṃśca lokaḥ, iti dvitīyam | bhavati tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāt, na bhavati tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāt, bhavati ca na bhavati ca tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāt, naiva bhavati na na bhavati ca tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāt, iti tṛtīyam | sa jīvastaccharīram, anyo jīvo 'nyaccharīram, iti | tānyetāni caturdaśa vastūni avyākṛtatvādavyākṛtavastūni ityucyante | tatra yathopavarṇitena nyāyena yathā śūnyatvādikaṃ catuṣṭayaṃ prakṛtyā śānte niḥsvabhāve tathāgate na saṃbhavati, evaṃ śāśvatāśāśvatādikamapi catuṣṭayamatra na saṃbhavati | asaṃbhavādeva ca catuṣṭayaṃ vandhyāputrasya śyāmagauratvādivat na vyākṛtaṃ bhagavatā lokasya | yathā ca etaccatuṣṭayaṃ tathāgate na saṃbhavati, evamantānantādikamapi śānte tathāgate na saṃbhavati || 12 ||

idānīṃ bhavati tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāt ityādikasyāpi kalpanācatuṣṭayasya pravṛttyasaṃbhava mudbhāvayannāha-

yena hi ghanataro mahatābhiniveśena asti tathāgataḥ iti grāho gṛhītaḥ, parikalpa utpāditaḥ, saḥ niyataṃ parinirvṛte tathāgate, na bhavati tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāt, maraṇāduttarakālaṃ na bhavati, ucchinnastathāgataḥ, na saṃvidyate, iti parikalpayet | tasya evaṃ vikalpayataḥ syād dṛṣṭikṛtam || 13 ||

yasya tu na kasyāṃcidapyavasthāyāṃ svabhāvaśūnyatvāt tathāgatasya astitvanāstitvam, tasya pakṣe-

tadevaṃ prakṛtiśānte niḥsvabhāve tathāgate sarvaprapañcātīte mandabuddhitayā śāśvatāśāśvatādikayā nityānityāstināstiśūnyāśūnyasarvajñāsarvajñādikayā kalpanayā-

vastunibandhanā hi prapañcāḥ syuḥ, avastukaśca tathāgataḥ | kutaḥ prapañcānāṃ pravṛttisaṃbhava iti? ataḥ prapañcātītastathāgataḥ | anutpādasvabhāvāvācca svabhāvāntarāgamanādavyayaḥ | tamitthaṃvidhaṃ tathāgataṃ svotprekṣitamithyāparikalpamalamalinamānasatayā vividhairabhūtaiḥ parikalpaviśeṣaiḥ ye buddhaṃ bhagavantaṃ prapañcayanti, te svakaireva prapañcairhatāḥ santaḥ tathāgataguṇasamṛddheratyantaparokṣavartino bhavanti | tataśca śavabhūtāḥ etasmin pravacane na paśyanti tathāgataṃ jātyandhā ivādityam | ata evāha bhagavān-

tadatra tathāgataparīkṣāyāṃ sattvalokaḥ sakalaḥ sasurāsuranarādiḥ parīkṣitaḥ | yathā cāyaṃ sattvaloko niḥsvabhāvaḥ, tathā bhājanalokasyāpi vāyumaṇḍalāderakaniṣṭhavitānabhavanaparyantasya naiḥsvābhāvyamudbhāvayannāha-

tathāgato yatsvabhāvastatsvabhāvamidaṃ jagat |

idaṃ jagaditi ayaṃ bhājanaloka ityarthaḥ | kiṃsvabhāvastathāgataḥ punarityāha-

iti | yathā ca jagato naiḥsvābhāvyam, tathā pratyayaparīkṣādibhiḥ pratipāditam | ata evoktaṃ sūtre-

tathāgato hi pratibimbabhūtaḥ kuśalasya dharmasya anāsravasya | naivātra tathatā na tathāgato 'sti bimbaṃ ca saṃdṛśyati sarva loke || iti |

uktaṃ ca bhagavatyāṃ prajñāpāramitāyām-

atha khalu te devaputrāḥ āyuṣmantaṃ subhūtiṃ sthavirametadavocan- kiṃ punarāryasubhūte māyopamāste sattvāḥ, na te māyā? evamukte āyuṣmān subhūtistān devaputrānetadavocat- māyopamāste devaputrāḥ sattvāḥ, svapnopamāste devaputrāḥ sattvāḥ | iti hi māyā ca sattvāśca advayameta dadvaidhīkāram | iti hi svapnaśca sattvāśca advayametadadvaidhīkāram |sarvadharmā api devaputrā māyopamāḥ svapnopamāḥ | strotaāpanno 'pi māyopamaḥ svapnopamaḥ | strotaāpattiphalamapi māyopamaṃ svapnopamam | evaṃ sakṛdāgāmyapi sakṛdāgāmiphalamapi | anāgāmyapi anāgāmiphalamapi | arhannapi māyopamaḥ svapnopamaḥ | arhattvaphalamapi māyopamaṃ svapnopamam | pratyekabuddho 'pi māyopamaḥ svapnopamaḥ | pratyekabuddhatvamapi māyopamaṃ svapnopamam | samyaksaṃbuddho 'pi māyopamaḥ svapnopamaḥ iti | samyaksaṃbuddhatvamapi māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadāmi ||

atha khalu devaputrā āyuṣmantaṃ subhūtimetadavocan- samyaksaṃbuddho 'pi māyopamaḥ svapnopama iti, samyaksaṃbuddhatvamapi māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti āryasubhūte vadasi? subhūtirāha- nirvāṇamapi devaputrā māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadāmi, kiṃ punaranyaṃ dharmam? devaputrā āhuḥ- nirvāṇamapyāryasubhūte māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadasi? subhūtirāha- yadyapi devaputrā nirvāṇādapyanyaḥ kaściddharmo viśiṣṭataraḥ syāt, tamapyahaṃ māyopamaṃ svapnopamamiti vadeyam | iti hi māyā ca nirvāṇaṃ ca advayametadadvaidhīkāramiti ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau tathāgataparīkṣā nāma dvāviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

23 viparyāsaparīkṣā trayoviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- vidyata eva bhavasaṃtatiḥ, tatkāraṇasadbhāvāt | iha hi kleśebhyaḥ karma pravartate | karmakleśahetukā janmamaraṇaparaṃparā upajāyate | sā ca bhavasaṃtatirvyapadiśyate | tasyāśca pradhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ kleśāḥ, prahīṇakleśānāṃ bhavasaṃtaterabhāvāt | te ca rāgādayaḥ kleśāḥ santi | tasmāt kāryabhūtāpi janmamaraṇaparaṃparā avicchedaprabandhena bhavasaṃtatirapi bhaviṣyatīti | ucyate | syād bhavasaṃtatiḥ, yadi taddhetubhūtāḥ kleśāḥ syuḥ | na tu santi | kathaṃ kṛtvā? iha bhagavadbhirbuddhaiḥ sakalatribhuvanajanasaṃkleśaśatruvidhvaṃsibhiścaturmārārātisamaraparājayaiḥ-

saṃkalpo vitarkaḥ | saṃkalpāt prabhavatīti saṃkalpaprabhavaḥ |

iti gāthābhidhānāt

saṃkalpaprabhavo rāgo dveṣo mohaśca kathyate |

etanmūlakatvādanyeṣāṃ kleśānāṃ mukhyatvādeṣāmevopādānaṃ trayāṇām | ete ca trayaḥ kleśāḥ-

śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya hi |

tatra hi śubhamākāraṃ pratītya rāga utpadyate, aśubhaṃ pratītya dveṣaḥ, viparyāsān pratītya moha utpadyate | saṃkalpastu eṣāṃ trayāṇāmapi sādhāraṇakāraṇamutpattau | kathaṃ punarmohaḥ saṃkalpaprabhavaḥ? ucyate | uktaṃ hi pratītyasamutpāde bhagavatā-

avidyāpi bhikṣavaḥ sahetukā sapratyayā sanidānā | kaśca bhikṣavaḥ avidyāyā hetuḥ? ayoniśo bhikṣavo manaskāro 'vidyāyā hetuḥ | āvilo mohajo manaskāro bhikṣavo 'vidyāyā hetuḥ || ityataḥ avidyā saṃkalpaprabhavā bhavati || 1 ||

tataśca-

iti | yadi rāgādayaḥ svabhāvasiddhāḥ syuḥ, naiva te śubhāśubhaviparyāsān pratītya saṃbhaveyuḥ, svabhāvasya akṛtrimatvāt paranirapekṣatvācca | bhavanti ca śubhāśubhaviparyāsān pratītya, tasmānniḥsvabhāvā eva te | tattvato na vidyante, paramārthataḥ svabhāvato na vidyante ityarthaḥ || 2 ||

api ca-

ātmano yathā astitvanāstitve na staḥ, tathā uktaṃ vistareṇa | tataśca- tadāśritasya dharmasya kuto 'stitvanāstitve bhaviṣyataḥ? || 3 ||

atha syāt- yadi astitvanāstitve ātmano na staḥ, tadā kimatra kleśānāmāyātam, yatasteṣāmapi astitvanāstitve na staḥ iti? ucyate-

iha amī rāgādayaḥ kuḍayaṃ citravat phalaṃ pakvatādivacca utpattau āśrayamapekṣante | tataśca kasyacidete bhavanti, na vinā kaṃcidāśrayam | sa ca āśrayaḥ parikalpyamānaḥ ātmā vā cittaṃ vā bhavet | sa caiṣāmāśrayaḥ pūrvameva pratiṣiddhatvānnāsti | taṃ ca kaṃcidāśrayaṃ vinā kasya kleśā bhavantu? naiva kasyacidbhavanti, tasyāvidyamānatvāt, āho vinā kaṃcit santi kleśā na kasyacit || 4 ||

atrāha- naiva hi kleśānāṃ kaścidāśrayaḥ pūrvaṃ siddho 'bhyupagamyate | na ca ātmā nāma kaścidasti, yaḥ āśrayatvena vyavasthāpyeta, nirhetukatvād vyomacūtataruvat | kiṃ tarhi kliṣṭaṃ cittaṃ pratītya kleśā upajāyante, tacca cittaṃ sahaiva kleśairupajāyata iti | etadapi na yuktamityāha-

svakāyo hi nāma rūpādilakṣaṇasaṃhatiḥ | svakāyadṛṣṭiḥ svakāye ātmadṛṣṭiḥ ātmīyākāragrahaṇapravṛttā | yatheyaṃ pañcadhā vicāryamāṇā svakāye na saṃbhavati,

ityanena | evaṃ kliṣṭe 'pi kleśā vicāryamāṇāḥ pañcadhā na saṃbhavanti | tatra kliśyantīti kleśā kliśyate iti kliṣṭam | tatra yadeva kliṣṭaṃ tadeva kleśā iti na yujyate dagdhṛdāhyayorapyekatvaprasaṅgāt | anyat kliṣṭam, anye kleśā iti na yujyate | paratra nirapekṣatvāt, akliṣṭahetuka kleśaprasaṅgāt | ata eva ca ekatvānyatvābhāvādādhārādheyatadvatpakṣāṇāṃ ca abhāvānna kleśeṣu kliṣṭam, na kliṣṭe kleśāḥ, nāpi kleśavat kliṣṭam | ityevaṃ kliṣṭe pañcadhā vicāryamāṇāḥ kleśā na saṃbhavanti | yathā ca kliṣṭahetukāḥ kleśā na saṃbhavanti, evaṃ kleśahetukamapi kliṣṭaṃ kleśeṣu vicāryamāṇaṃ pañcadhā na saṃbhavati | na hi kleśā eva kliṣṭam, kartṛkarmaṇorekatvaprasaṅgāt, nānye kleśā anyat kliṣṭam, nirapekṣatvaprasaṅgāt, na ca kliṣṭe kleśāḥ na ca kleśeṣu kliṣṭam, na kliṣṭavantaḥ (Pp_199) kleśāḥ | ityevaṃ svakāyadṛṣṭivadeva kliṣṭaṃ kleśeṣvapi pañcadhā nāsti | yataścaivam, ataḥ parasparāpekṣayāpi kleśākliṣṭayornāsti siddhiḥ || 5 ||

atrāha- yadyapi tvayā kleśāḥ pratiṣiddhāḥ, tathāpi kleśahetavaḥ śubhāśubhaviparyāsāstāvat santi, tatsadbhāvācca kleśāḥ santīti | ucyate | syuḥ kleśāḥ, yadi śubhāśubhaviparyāsā eva syuḥ, yāvatā ete 'pi pratītya sasutpannatvādvakṣyamāṇapratiṣedhācca | yadā ca te na santi svabhāvataḥ, tadā-

svabhāvato na vidyante śubhāśubhaviparyayāḥ |

pratītyasamutpannatvādvakṣyamāṇapratiṣedhācca | yadā ca te na santi svabhāvataḥ, tadā-

atrāha- vidyanta eva kleśāḥ, tadālambanasadbhāvāt | iha hi yannāsti, na tasyālambana masti, tadyathā vandhyāsūnoḥ | asti ca rūpaśabdagandharasaspraṣṭavyadharmākhyaṃ ṣaḍvidhamālambanam | tasmādālambanasadbhāvādvidyanta eva kleśā iti | ucyate | astyetat, yad bhavadbhiḥ-

tatra vastu ālambanam, vasatīti vā asmin rāgādikam, tadutpatteḥ iti kṛtvā | tacca tadālambanaṃ ṣoḍhā bhavati, indriyāṇāṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ paricchedakarāṇāmanyonyabhedāt | rūpaṃ śabdā gandhā rasāḥ spraṣṭavyāni dharmāśceti | tatra idamihāmutreti nirūpaṇāt, rūpaṇācca rūpam | tena śabdena śabdyante prakāśyante padārthā iti śabdaḥ | gandhyante hiṃsyante yatra prāptāḥ tato 'nyatrāgamanād gandhāḥ | rasyate āsvādyate iti rasaḥ | spṛśyate iti sparśaḥ | svalakṣaṇāsādhāraṇānnirvāṇāgradharmādhāraṇāddharmāḥ | tadetat ṣaḍvidhaṃ vastu bhavati | kasya? rāgasya dveṣasya mohasya | tatra rañjanaṃ rāgo raktiradhyavasānam | rajyate vā anena cittamiti rāgaḥ | dūṣaṇaṃ doṣaḥ, āghātaḥ sattvaviṣayo 'sattvaviṣayo vā dūṣyate vā anena citamiti doṣaḥ | mohanaṃ mohaḥ saṃmohaḥ padārthasvarūpāparijñānam | muhyate vā anena cittamiti mohaḥ | tadeṣāṃ kleśānāṃ rūpādikaṃ ṣaḍvidhaṃ vastu ālambanaṃ bhavati | tatra śubhākārādhyāropeṇa yathā rūpādibhyo rāga upajāyate, aśubhākārādhyāropeṇa dveṣaḥ, nityātmādyadhyāropeṇa mohaḥ saṃbhavatīti || 7 ||

satyaṃ vikalpyate etadbālajanaiḥ ṣaḍvidhaṃ vastu | kiṃ tu avidyamānasvabhāvasattākametad rāgādīnāmālambanatvena parikalpyate bhavatā taimirikairiva asatkeśamaśakamakṣikādvicandrādikamiti pratipādayannāha-

rūpaśabdarasasparśā gandhā dharmāśca kevalāḥ |

kevalā iti parikalpitamātrā niḥsvabhāvā ityarthaḥ | yadi niḥsvabhāvāḥ, kathaṃ tarhi upalabhyante iti? ucyate-

yathā gandharvanagarādiprakhyā ete kevalaṃ viparyāsādupalabhyante, tadā-

tadanena mithyāśrayasamutpannatvācchubhāśubhayorapi nimittayormṛṣātvameva bhavati | yathoktam-

na ca kevalamāśrayamithyātve śubhāśubhayornimittayormithyātvam, api ca anayāpyupapattyā anayormithyātvamiti pratipādayannāha-

iha yadi śubhaṃ nāma kiṃcit syāt, niyataṃ tadaśubhamapekṣya bhavet, pārāvāravat, bījāṅkuravat, hrasvadīrghavadvā, śubhasya saṃbandhyantarapadārthasāpekṣatvāt | taccāpyapekṣaṇīyamaśubhaṃ śubhena vinā nāsti | [anapekṣya śubhaṃ nāstyaśubhaṃ] śubhaṃ nirapekṣyāśubhaṃ nāstītyabhiprāyaḥ | yadaśubhaṃ pratītya yadaśubhamapekṣya śubhaṃ prajñapayemahi vyavasthāpayemahi | yacchabdena anantarasyāśubhasya parāmarśaḥ | prajñapayemahītyanena uttarasya śubhasya saṃbandhaḥ | yataśca evaṃ śubhasya prajñaptau saṃbandhyantaramapekṣaṇīyamaśubhākhyaṃ padārthāntaraṃ nāsti, tasmācchubhaṃ naivopapadyate hrasvāsaṃbhavādiva dīrgham, pārāsaṃbhavādiva avāramityabhiprāyaḥ || 10 ||

idānīmaśubhamapi yathā na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi aśubhaṃ nāma kiṃcit syāt, niyatameva tacchubhamapekṣya bhavet, pārāvāravat, hrasvadīrghavadvā, aśubhasya saṃbandhyantarapadārthasāpekṣatvāt | taccāpyapekṣaṇīyaṃ śubhamaśubhena vinā nāsti, anapekṣyāśubhaṃ nāsti śubham | aśubhaṃ nirapekṣya śubhaṃ na saṃbhavatītyabhiprāyaḥ | yacchubhaṃ pratītya yacchubhamapekṣya aśubhaṃ prajñapayemahi, aśubhaṃ vyavasthāpayemahi | atrāpi yacchabdena anantarasya (Pp_201) śubhasya parāmarśaḥ | prajñapayemahītyanena ca uttarasyāśubhasya saṃbandhaḥ | yataścaivamaśubhasya prajñaptau saṃbandhyantaramapekṣaṇīyaṃ śubhākhyaṃ padārthāntaraṃ nāsti, tasmādaśubhaṃ naiva vidyate || 11 ||

yataścaivaṃ śubhāśubhayorasaṃbhavaḥ, ataḥ-

tadevaṃ śubhāśubhanimittābhāvena rāgadveṣayorabhāvamupapādya viparyāsasvabhāvābhāvapratipādanena mohasyāpyadhunā svabhāvābhāvaṃ pratipādayannāha-

iha catvāro viparyāsā ucyante | tadyathā- anitye pratikṣaṇavināśini skandhapañcake yo nityamiti grāhaḥ, sa viparyāsaḥ | tathā-

ityamunā nyāyena yadanityaṃ tadduḥkham, sarvasaṃskārāśca anityāḥ, tasmādduḥkhātmake skandhapañcake yaḥ sukhamiti viparīto grāhaḥ, so 'paro viparyāsaḥ | tathā-

amedhyapuñjapracchanne tatkledārdreṇa carmaṇā | yaḥ śayīta sa nārīṇāṃ śayīta jaghanodare || ityādi |

evamidaṃ śarīraṃ sarvātmanā satatamaśucisvabhāvam | tatra yo mohācchucitvena grāho 'bhiniveśaḥ, sa viparyāsaḥ | tathā pañcaskandhakamātmalakṣaṇavilakṣaṇamasthiratvādudayavyayadharmitvācca nirātmakamātmasvabhāvaśūnyam, tasmin ya ātmagrāho 'bhiniveśaḥ anātmani ātmābhiniveśaḥ, sa viparyāsaḥ | ityete catvāro viparyāsāḥ saṃmohasya hetubhūtāḥ ||

atredānīṃ vicāryate- yadi nityatvaṃ nityadarśanaṃ svabhāvaśūnyeṣu nityagrāho viparyāsa ityevaṃ vyavasthāpyate, nanu ca svabhāvaśūnyeṣu skandheṣu anityatvamapi nāsti, iti

nānityaṃ vidyate śūnye kuto grāho viparyayaḥ |

anityatvaṃ hi viparītamapekṣya nityatvaṃ viparyāsa iti vyavasthāpyate | na ca anityatvaṃ vidyate śūnye | yadā anityatvasyābhāvaḥ, tadā kutastadvirodhi nityatvaṃ nityadarśanaviparyāso bhaviṣyatīti bhāvaḥ | (Pp_202) tasmānnāsti viparyāsaḥ | yathā ca anityatvaṃ śūnye na saṃbhavati bhāvasvabhāvarahite sasvabhāvena anutpanne, evaṃ duḥkhatvamapi na saṃbhavati, aśucitvamapi nāsti | anātmakatvamapi nāsti | yadā ca svabhāvaśūnyatvādduḥkhatvādikaṃ nāsti, tadā kutastadvipakṣabhūtā nityasukhaśucyātmaviparyāsā bhaviṣyanti? tasmāt santi viparyāsāḥ svarūpataḥ | tadabhāve kuto bhaviṣyatyavidyā? hetvabhāvāt | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

tathā-

kathaṃ bhagavan moho dhāraṇīpadam? bhagavānāha- atyantamukto hi mañjuśrīḥ mohaḥ, tenocyate mohaḥ |

nanu evaṃ sati svabhāvena avidyamāne padārthe anityamityapi grāho na saṃbhavati iti asāvapi kasmānna viparyāsa iti vyavasthāpyate iti pratipādayannāha-

yadā ca ubhayasyāpi vaiparītyaṃ nityasya anityasya ca, tadā tadvayatiriktaṃ tṛtīyamaparaṃ nāsti yanna viparyayaḥ syāt | yadā ca aviparyāso nāsti, tadā kimapekṣo viparyāsaḥ syāditi | tasmādamunāpi nyāyena nāsti viparyayaḥ | tasyābhāvācca nāstyavidyā svarūpataḥ | yathā ca anitye nityamityevaṃ grāho viparyāso na saṃbhavati, evaṃ śeṣaviparyāsāsaṃbhave 'pi yojyam | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryadṛḍhāśayaparipṛcchāyām-

bhagavānāha- kimetat kulaputra tasya bhavati yo mārgeṇa niḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣate? na kulaputra tathāgatena rañjanīyān dharmān parivarjya rāgaprahāṇaṃ prajñaptam, evaṃ na doṣaṇīyān mohanīyāna dharmān parivarjya tathāgatena doṣamohaprahāṇaṃ prajñaptam | tat kasmāddhetoḥ? na kulaputra tathāgatāḥ kasyaciddharmasya utsargāya vā pratilambhāya vā dharmaṃ deśayanti na parijñāyai na prahāṇāya na sākṣātkriyāyai nābhisamayāya na saṃsāracaraṇatāyai na nirvāṇagamanatāyai notkṣepāya na prabhedāya | na hi kulaputra dvayaprabhāvitā tathāgatadharmatā | tatra ye dvaye caranti, na te samyakprayuktāḥ | mithyāprayuktāste vaktavyāḥ | katamacca kulaputra dvayam? ahaṃ rāgaṃ prahāsyāmīti dvayametat | ahaṃ dveṣaṃ prahāsyāmīti dvayametat | ahaṃ mohaṃ prahāsyāmīti dvayametat | ye evaṃprayuktāḥ, na te samyakprayuktā | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyāḥ ||

tadyathāpi nāma kulaputra kaścideva puruṣo māyākāranāṭake pratyupasthite māyākāranirmitāṃ striyaṃ dṛṣṭvā rāgacittamutpādayet | sa rāgaparītacittaḥ parṣacchāradyabhayena utthāyāsanādapakramet | so 'pakramya tāmeva striyamaśubhato manasi kuryādanityato duḥkhataḥ śūnyato 'nātmato manasi kuryāt | bhagavānāha- evameva kulaputra ihaike bhikṣubhikṣuṇyupāsakopāsikā draṣṭavyāḥ, ye 'nutpannān dharmānajātānaśubhato manasi kurvanti, anityato duḥkhato 'nātmato manasi kurvanti | nāhaṃ teṣāṃ mohapuruṣāṇāṃ mārgabhāvanāṃ vadāmi | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyāḥ ||

tadyathāpi nāma kulaputra kaścideva puruṣaḥ suptaḥ svapnāntare svagṛhe rājabhāryāṃ paśyet | sa tayā sārdhaṃ śayyāṃ kalpayet | smṛtisaṃmoṣāccaivaṃ kalpayet- viruddho 'smīti | sa bhītasrastaḥ palāyet, mā māṃ rājā vidhyet, sa mā māṃ jīvitād vyavaropayet | tat kiṃ manyase kulaputra api nu sa puruṣo bhītasrastaḥ palāyamānastato rājabhāryānidānabhayātparimucyeta? āha- no bhagavan | tatkasya hetoḥ? tathā hi bhagavaṃstena puruṣeṇa astriyāṃ strīsaṃjñā utpāditā, abhūtaṃ ca parikalpitam | bhagavānāha- evameva kulaputra ihaike bhikṣubhikṣuṇyupāsakopāsikā draṣṭavyāḥ, ye arāge rāgasaṃjñāmutpādya rāgabhayabhītā rāganiḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | evamadoṣe doṣasaṃjñāmutpādya doṣabhayabhītā doṣaniḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | amohe mohasaṃjñāmutpādya mohabhayabhītā mohaniḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | nāhaṃ teṣāṃ mohapuruṣāṇāṃ mārgabhāvanāṃ vadāmi | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyāḥ ||

tadyathāpi nāma kulaputra sa puruṣaḥ abhaye bhayasaṃjñāmutpādayedasatsamāropeṇa | evameva kulaputra sarvabālapṛthagjanā rāgakoṭiṃ virāgakoṭimaprajānanto rāgakoṭibhayabhītā virāgakoṭiṃ niḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | doṣakoṭimakiṃcanakoṭimaprajānanto doṣakoṭibhayabhītā akiṃcanakoṭiṃ niḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | mohakoṭiṃ śūnyatākoṭimaprajānanto mohakoṭibhayabhītāḥ śūnyatākoṭiṃ niḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | nāhaṃ teṣāṃ kulaputra mohapuruṣāṇāṃ mārgabhāvanāṃ vadāmi | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyāḥ || iti vistaraḥ || 14 ||

atrāha- yadyapi anitye nityamityevaṃ grāho viparyayo na saṃbhavati, tathāpi eṣa tāvat grāho 'sti | grāhaśca nāma saṃgrahaṇaṃ bhāvarūpaḥ | tasya ca avaśyaṃ sādhanena karaṇena bhavitavyaṃ sādhakatamena nityatvādinā | kartrā ca bhavitavyaṃ svatantreṇa nityātmanā cittena vā | karmaṇā ca karturīpsitatamena viṣayeṇa rūpādinā | satyāṃ ca bhāvakaraṇakartṛkarmaṇāṃ siddhau sarvasiddheriṣṭasiddhiḥ syādasmākamiti | ucyate | alīkeyaṃ pratyāśā | nanu ca yathopavarṇitena nyāyena-

iha hi kaścid grahītā yena viśeṣeṇa nityatvādinā karaṇabhūtena kiṃcit karmabhūtaṃ rūpaśabdādikaṃ vastu gṛhṇāti, tadyathā na saṃbhavati tathā pūrvaṃ pratipāditam | kathaṃ kṛtvā?

anitye nityamityevaṃ yadi grāho viparyayaḥ |

ityādinā yathā nityatvādikaṃ karaṇaṃ na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipāditam | grahītāpi yathā nāsti, tathā-

ātmano 'stitvanāstitve na kathaṃcicca sidhyataḥ |

ityanena pratipāditam| yacca gṛhyate tadapi nāsti tathā-

rūpaśabdarasasparśā gandhā dharmāśca kevalāḥ |

ityanena pratipāditam | yadā caivaṃ kartṛkaraṇakarmāṇi na siddhāni, tadā kuto nirhetuko grāho bhaviṣyati? tataśca-

yena gṛhṇāti yo grāho grahītā yacca gṛhyate | upaśāntāni sarvāṇi

svabhāvena anutpannatvānirvṛtāni sarvāṇītyarthaḥ | yataśca evamevam-

tasmād grāho na vidyate ||

athavā | pratyayaparīkṣādibhiḥ prakaraṇairyasmāt sarveṣāmeva karaṇakartṛkarmaṇāṃ sarvathānutpādaḥ pratipāditaḥ, tasmāt sarvāṇyetāni bhāvasvarūpavirahādupaśāntāni | ataśca grāho na vidyate || 15 ||

atrāha- vidyanta eva viparyayāḥ, viparītasadbhāvāt | iha hi viparyāsānugato devadatto nāma vidyate | na ca vinā viparyāsaiḥ sa viparyāsānugataḥ saṃbhavati | tasmāt santi viparyāsāḥ viparyastasadbhāvāditi | ucyate | iha asmābhiḥ karaṇakartṛkarmaṇāmabhāvāt sarvathā grāha eva nāstīti pratipāditam | tataśca-

samyagvā mithyā vā kasyacit kiṃcidapyagṛhṇataḥ kuto viparītatvamaviparītatvaṃ veti | tasmānna santi viparyayāḥ || 16 ||

api ca | ime viparyayāḥ kasyacidiṣyamāṇāḥ viparītasya parikalpyeran, aviparītasya vā, viparyasyamānasya vā? sarvathā ca nopapadyante iti pratipādayannāha-

tatra tāvadviparītasya viparyayā na saṃbhavanti | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt, yo hi viparīta, sa viparīta eva | kiṃ tasya punarapi viparyayasaṃbandhaḥ kuryāt? niṣprayojanatvāt | aviparītasyāpi viparyayā na yujyante, vibuddhabuddhinayanānāmapi ajñānanidrātimiropaśamād buddhānāṃ viparyayaprasaṅgāt || (Pp_205) tathā viparyasyamānasyāpi na santi viparyayāḥ, viparyasyamānasya bhāvasya abhāvāt | ko hi nāma asāvaparaḥ padārthaḥ, yo viparītāviparītavinirmukto viparyasyamāno nāma bhaviṣyati? ardhaviparīto viparyasyamāna iti cet, ardhaviparīto hi nāma yasya kiṃcidviparītaṃ kiṃcidaviparītam | tatra yadasya kiṃcidviparītaṃ tadviparyāso na viparyāsayati, viparyastatvāt | yadapyasya aviparītam, tadapi viparyāso na viparyāsayati, aviparyastatvāt | tasmādviparyasyamānasyāpi kasyacidviparyāsā na saṃbhavanti | yadā caivaṃ viparītāviparītaviparyasyamānā na saṃbhavanti, bhavānidānīṃ vimṛśatu svayaṃ prajñayā madhyasthaḥ san kasya saṃbhavanti viparyāsā iti | tadevamāśrayasyābhāvānna santi viparyayāḥ || 17-18 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

tatra

kuto viparīta ityarthaḥ | tataśca yaduktam- santi viparyayāḥ viparyayagatasadbhāvāditi, tanna yuktam || 19-20 ||

yasyāpi kathaṃcidviparyāsacatuṣṭayamastyevetyabhyupagamyate, tathāpi tasya viparītatvamaśakyamāsthātum | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt-

atha na vidyante, tadā eṣāmavidyamānatvānna kevalaṃ nāsti viparyāsatvam, viparyāsapratibandhyabhāvādanātmādīnāmapi aviparyāsādīnāṃ nāsti sadbhāva iti pratipādayannāha-

yadi ātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca na vidyate iti manyase, viparyāsāsaṃbhavāt, evaṃ sati ātmādīnāmapyabhāvād yadi etadanātmādikamaviparyāsatvena gṛhītam, tadapi tarhi tyajyatām, pratiṣedhyābhāve pratiṣedhasyābhāvāt | yadā caivamanātmādikaṃ na saṃbhavati, tadā tadapi svarūpato 'vidyamānatvāt ātmādivat kathaṃ na viparyāsaḥ syāt? tasmāt jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāracārakāgārabandhanānmumukṣubhiraṣṭāvapyete viparyāsāstyājyāḥ || 22 ||

asya ca yathopavarṇitaviparyāsavicārasya avidyādiprahāṇahetutvena mahārthatāṃ pratipādayannāha-

yadā ayaṃ yogī yathoditena nyāyena viparyāsān nopalabhate, tadā evaṃ viparyāsānupalambhanena taddhetukā avidyā nirudhyate | tannirodhācca saṃskārādayaḥ avidyāhetukā jarāmaraṇaśokaparidevaduḥkhadaurmanasyopāyāsaparyantā dharmā nirudhyante ||

avidyā hi sakalasyaiva saṃkleśagaṇasya jātyādiduḥkhasya ca hetubhūtā | yathā hi kāyendriyahetukāni sarvāṇi rūpīndriyāṇi kāyendriye nirudhyamāne nirudhyante, evamavidyāhetukāni saṃskārādīni bhavāṅgāni pravartamānāni niyatamavidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ nirudhyante iti pratipādayannāha-

avidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ saṃskārādyaṃ nirudhyate |iti ||

atrāha- yadi viparyāsanirodhādavidyā nirudhyate, asti tarhi avidyā yasyā evaṃ viparyāsanirodhānnirodho bhavati | na tarhi avidyamānāyā gaganacūtalatāyāḥ prahāṇopāyānveṣamasti | tasmādvidyate eva avidyā, tannirodhopāyānveṣaṇasadbhāvāt | tataśca santi taddhetukā rāgādayaḥ kleśāḥ | kleśāsadbhāvācca astyeva saṃsāre bhavasaṃtatiḥ | ucyate | atra hi nāma atimahadanarthapāṇḍityaṃ parasya, yo hi nāma sarvātmanā atyantaduḥkhāyāsakleśāsamañjase saṃsāre nirantaraphullaphalapradasaṃkleśaviṣavṛkṣe parārthodayasaṃbaddhakakṣaiḥ sādhubhiḥ prajñopāyamahānilabalairniḥśeṣaṃ tadunmūlyamānairna kevalaṃ na sāhāyyenāvatiṣṭhante, api khalu tadunmūlakānāmatimahānilabalānāmiva bhāvasadbhāvavādamahāśailāyamāna ivātivirodhitayā avasthito bhavān āhopuruṣikayā tasyaiva kleśaviṣavṛkṣasya jātijarāmaraṇaśokāyāsavisaraduḥkhaikaphalasya sutarāṃ bhāvābhiniveśatoyāsravairāropaṇamādriyate ||

api ca | yadi avidyādīnāṃ saṃkleśānāṃ prahāṇaṃ saṃbhavet, syāt tatprahāṇopāyānveṣaṇam | na ca teṣāṃ prahāṇaṃ saṃbhavati | yadi syāt, tadā tattvarūpato vidyamānānāṃ vā syāt, avidyamānānāṃ vā? kiṃ cātaḥ? tatra yadi svarūpataḥ sadbhatānāṃ kleśānāṃ prahāṇamiṣyate, tannopapadyate| kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt-

svabhāvato vidyamānānāṃ bhāvānāṃ na śakyaḥ svabhāvo vinivartayitum | na hi kṣityādīnāṃ kaṭhinatvādisvabhāvo nivartate | evaṃ yadi ime kleśāḥ svabhāvataḥ sadbhūtāḥ syuḥ | kecidityavidyādayaḥ | kasyaciditi pudgalasya | kathaṃ nāma prahīyeran? naiva te kasyacit kathaṃcinnāma prahīyeran | kasmātpunaḥ na te prahīyante ityāha- kaḥ svabhāvaṃ prahāsyatīti | svabhāvasya vinivartayitumaśakyatvāt | ākāśānāvaraṇavinivartanāsaṃbhavavadityabhiprāyaḥ || 24 ||

atha svabhāvena asadbhūtā iti vikalpyate, evamapi prahāṇāsaṃbhava evetyāha-

abhūtā api kleśāḥ svabhāvena avidyamānāḥ aśakyā eva prahātum | na hi agneḥ śaityamasaṃvidyamānaṃ śakyamapākartum | evamime 'pi kleśāḥ kecid yadi kasyacit svabhāvato na vidyante, kastān prahāsyati? naiva kaścit prahāsyati | tadevamubhayapakṣe 'pi prahāṇāsaṃbhavānnāsti prahāṇaṃ kleśānām | prahāṇābhāvācca kutaḥ kleśaprahāṇopāyānveṣaṇamiti | ato yaduktam- vidyanta eva avidyādayaḥ kleśāḥ, tatprahāṇopāyānveṣaṇāditi, tadayuktamiti | yathoktamāryasamādhirāje-

yo rajyeta, yatra vā rajyeta, yena vā rajyeta | yo duṣyeta, yatra vā duṣyeta, yena vā duṣyeta | yo muhyeta yatra vā muhyeta, yena vā muhyeta | sa taṃ dharma na samanupaśyati, taṃ dharmaṃ nopalabhate | sa taṃ dharmamasamanupaśyan anupalabhamāno 'rakto 'duṣṭo 'mūḍho 'viparyastacittaḥ samāhita ityucyate | tīrṇaḥ pāraga ityucyate | kṣemaprāpta ityucyate || iti vistaraḥ |

tathā-

mukhasya saṃkrānti yadā na vidyate bimbe mukhaṃ naiva kadāci labhyate | mūḍho yathā so janayeta rāgaṃ tathopamān jānatha sarvadharmān || ityādi |

tathā-

tathā-

tathā-

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau viparyāsaparīkṣā nāma trayoviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

24 āryasatyaparīkṣā caturviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha-

yadi yuktyā nopapadyate iti kṛtvā sarvamidaṃ bāhyamādhyātmikaṃ bhāvajātaṃ śūnyamiti pratipāditam, nanu ca evaṃ sati bahavaśca mahāntaśca doṣā bhavata āpadyante | kathaṃ kṛtvā? yadi sarvamidaṃ śūnyaṃ syāt, tadā yacchūnyaṃ tannāsti, yacca nāsti, tadavidyamānatvād vandhyāputravannaivotpadyate na cāpi nirudhyate, iti na kasyacitpadārthasya udayo vyayaśca | tadabhāvācca caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaḥ te śūnyavādinaḥ prasajyate | kathaṃ kṛtvā? iha hi pūrvahetujanitāḥ pratītyasamutpannāḥ pañcopādānaskandhāḥ duḥkhaduḥkhatayā vipariṇāmaduḥkhatayā saṃskāraduḥkhatayā ca pratikūlavartitvācca pīḍātmakatvena duḥkhamityucyate | etacca duḥkhamāryā eva viparyāsaprahāṇe sati duḥkhamiti saṃjānate, na anāryāḥ, viparyāsānugatatvāt, yathādarśanaṃ ca padārthasvabhāvavyavasthānāt | yathā hi viparyastendriyāṇāṃ madhurasvabhāvamapi guḍaśarkarādikaṃ tiktatayā upalabhamānānāṃ jvarādirogāturāṇāṃ tiktataiva satyaṃ tajjñānāpekṣayā, mādhuryam, tenātmanā tasya vastuno 'nupalabhyamānatvāt, evamihāpi yadyapi pañcopādānaskandhā duḥkhasvabhāvā bhavanti, tathāpi ye etān duḥkhātmakān paśyanti, teṣāmeva duḥkhaṃ vyavasthāpyate, na viparyāsānugamādanyathopalabhamānānāmiti | ataḥ āryāṇāmeva duḥkhātmatā satyamiti kṛtvā duḥkhamāryasatyamityucyate | nanu ca anāryairduḥkhā vedanā duḥkhamiti paricchidyate iti, evaṃ tatkathaṃ duḥkhamāryāṇāmeva satyam? satyam | na hi duḥkhaiva vedanā kevalaṃ duḥkhasatyam, kiṃ tarhi pañcāpyupādānaskandhāḥ, ityataḥ āryāṇāmeva tat satyamiti kṛtvā āryasatyamiti vyavasthāpyate | yathoktam-

karatalasadṛśo bālo na vetti saṃskāraduḥkhatāpakṣma | akṣisadṛśastu vidvān tenaivodvejate gāḍham || iti |

tasmādāryāṇāmeva tadduḥkhasatyamiti duḥkhamāryasatyamiti vyavasthāpyate ||

kadā ca tadduḥkhamāryasatyaṃ yujyate? yadā saṃskārāṇāmudayavyayau saṃbhavataḥ | yadā tu śūnyatvānna kiṃcidutpadyate nāpi kiṃcinnirudhyate, tadā nāsti duḥkham ||

asati ca duḥkhe kutaḥ samudayasatyam? yato hi hetorduḥkham, samudeti samutpadyate sa hetuḥ tṛṣṇākarmakleśalakṣaṇaḥ samudaya ityucyate | yadā tu phalabhūtaṃ duḥkhasatyaṃ nāsti, tadā phalarahitasya hetukatvānupapatteḥ samudayo 'pi nāsti ||

duḥkhasya ca vigamaḥ apunarutpādaḥ nirodha ityucyate | yadā tu duḥkhameva nāsti, tadā kasya nirodhaḥ syāditi? ato duḥkhanirodho 'pi na saṃbhavati | asati hi duḥkhe nirodhasatyasyāpyabhāvaḥ | asati ca duḥkhanirodhe kuto duḥkhanirodhagāminī āryāṣṭāṅgamārgānugā pratipad bhaviṣyatīti mārgasatyamapi nāstīti | tadevaṃ śūnyatvaṃ bhāvānāṃ bruvataḥ caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaḥ prasajyate || 1 ||

tataśca ko doṣa iti? ucyate-

yadi duḥkhādīnāmāryasatyānāmabhāve sati parijñānādikaṃ nāsti, tadā ko doṣa iti? ucyate-

dharme cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddho bhaviṣyati |

yadā caivaṃ duḥkhaparijñānādikaṃ nāsti, tadā, asminnasati srotaāpattisakṛdāgāmyanāgāmyarhatphalākhyaṃ phalacatuṣṭayaṃ nopapadyate | kathaṃ kṛtvā? iha kleśānāṃ prahāṇaṃ saṃpiṇḍitaṃ phalākhyaṃ pratilabhate | tadyathā- saṃyojanatrayaprahāṇe sati ṣoḍaśe mārge anvayajñānakṣaṇe yat kleśaprahāṇaṃ tat srotaāpattiphalam | kāmāvacarāṇāṃ bhāvanāprahātavyānāṃ kleśānāmadhimātramadhyamṛdūnāṃ prakārāṇāṃ punaradhimātramadhyamṛduprakārabhedena pratyekaṃ bhidyamānānāṃ nava prakārā bhavanti | tatra kāmāvacaraṣaṣṭhakleśaprakāraparikṣaye vimuktimārge yat prahāṇaṃ tat sakṛdāgāmiphalam | teṣāmeva kāmāvacarāṇāṃ navamaprakārakleśaparikṣaye vimuktimārge yat kleśaprahāṇaṃ tadanāgāmiphalam | rūpārūpyāvacarāṇāṃ kleśānāṃ bhāvanāprahātavyānāṃ bhūmau bhūmau navaprakārabhedabhinnānāṃ yāvannaivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatanabhūmikanavamakleśaprakāraparikṣaye vimuktimārge yat prahāṇaṃ tadarhatphalam | ityetāni catvāri phalāni | tānyetāni kathaṃ yujyante? yadi duḥkhasya parijñānaṃ saṃbhavati, samudayasya prahāṇam, nirodhasya sākṣātkaraṇam, āryamārgasya ca bhāvanā bhavati | yadā tu duḥkhādīnāmāryasatyānāmabhāve sati duḥkhaparijñānādikaṃ nāsti, tadā na santi tāni catvāri phalāni | caturṇā ca phalānāmabhāve sati ye teṣu vyavasthitāḥ phalasthāścatvāra āryapudgalāḥ, te na santi | ata eva ca pratipannakā api catvāra āryapudgalā na saṃvidyante ||

iha hi ṣoḍaśāt mārge 'nvayajñānakṣaṇāt pūrve ye pañcadaśa kṣāntijñānakṣaṇāḥ, tadyathā- traidhātukaduḥkhābhisamaye duḥkhasatyālambanāścatvāraḥ kṣāntijñānakṣaṇāḥ | tatra katame traidhātukaduḥkhābhisamaye catvāraḥ kṣāntijñānakṣaṇāḥ? tadyathā- kāmāvacaraduḥkhadarśanaprahātavyasatkāyāntagrāhamithyādṛṣṭidṛṣṭiparāmarśaśīlavrataparāmarśavicikitsārāgapratighamānāvidyākhyadaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ anityaduḥkhaśūnyānātmākārotpannaḥ kāmāvacaraduḥkhasatyālambanaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ duḥkhe dharmajñānakṣāntikṣaṇaḥ ekaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ duḥkhe dharmajñānakṣaṇaḥ dvitīyaḥ | evaṃ rūpārūpyāvacaraduḥkhasatyālambanaḥ pratighavarjitānantaroktāṣṭādaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ duḥkhādyākārotpannaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ duḥkhe anvayajñānakṣāntikṣaṇastṛtīyaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ duḥkhe 'nvayajñānakṣaṇaścaturthaḥ ||

yathā caite traidhātukāvacaraduḥkhasatyābhisamaye kṣāntijñānakṣaṇāścatvāraḥ, evaṃ kāmāvacarasamudayadarśanaprahātavyamithyādṛṣṭidṛṣṭiparāmarśavicikitsārāgapratighamānāvidyākhyasaptānuśayapratipakṣaḥ hetusamudayaprabhavapratyayākārotpannaḥ kāmāvacarasamudayasatyālambanaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ samudaye dharmajñānakṣāntikṣaṇaḥ ekaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ samudaye dharmajñānakṣayo dvitīyaḥ | evaṃ rūpārūpyāvacarasamudayasatyālambanaḥ pratighavarjitānantaroktadvādaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ samudayasatyākārotpannaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ samudaye 'nvayajñānakṣāntikṣaṇastṛtīyaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ samudaye 'nvayajñānakṣaṇaścaturthaḥ | ityete traidhātukāvacaraduḥkhasamudayasatyābhisamaye catvāraḥ kṣaṇāḥ ||

yathā caite catvāraḥ kṣaṇāḥ traidhātukaduḥkhasamudayasatyābhisamaye, evaṃ kāmāvacaraduḥkhanirodhadarśanaprahātavyasamudayoktasaptānuśayapratipakṣaḥ nirodhaśāntapraṇītaniḥsaraṇākārotpannaḥ kāmāvacaraduḥkha nirodhasatyālambanaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ nirodhe dharmajñānakṣāntikṣaṇaḥ ekaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ nirodhe dharmajñānakṣaṇaḥ dvitīyaḥ | etaireva ākāraiḥ rūpārūpyāvacaraduḥkhanirodhasatyālambanaḥ pratighavarjitadvādaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ nirodhe anvayajñānakṣāntikṣaṇastṛtīyaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ nirodhe anvayajñānakṣaṇaścaturthaḥ | ityete traidhātukāvacaraduḥkhanirodhasatyābhisamaye catvāraḥ kṣaṇāḥ ||

evaṃ kāmāvacaraduḥkhanirodhagāmimārgadarśanaprahātavyanirodhoktānuśayeṣu śīlavrataparāmarśamaṣṭamaṃ prakṣipya aṣṭānuśayapratipakṣaḥ mārganyāyapratiopannairyāṇikākārotpannaḥ kāmāvacaraduḥkhanirodhagāmimārgālambanaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ mārge dharmajñānakṣāntikṣaṇaḥ ekaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ mārge dharmajñānakṣaṇaḥ dvitīyaḥ | etairevākāraiḥ rūpārūpyāvacaraduḥkhanirodhagāmimārgālambanaḥ pratighavarjitacaturdaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇo mārge 'nvayajñānakṣāntikṣaṇaḥ tṛtīyaḥ | ityete pañcadaśa kṣaṇāḥ darśanamārgābhidhānāḥ ||

evaṃ vyavasthitaḥ āryaḥ srotaāpattiphalasākṣātkriyāyai pratipannakaḥ ityucyate | ṣoḍaśe tu mārge 'nvayajñānasthitaḥ sa srotaāpanna ityucyate ||

ta ete aṣṭāśītiranuśayāḥ satyānāṃ darśanamātreṇa bhāvanāmanapekṣyaiva prahīyante iti kṛtvā darśanaprahātavyā ityucyante | yathādṛṣṭasatyākārabhāvanayā tu ye paścātprahīyante te bhāvanāprahātavyāḥ | te ca daśānuśayā bhavanti | kāmāvacarā rāgapratighamānāvidyāḥ | rūpāvacarā eva pratighavarjitāsrayaḥ | ārūpyāvacarāśca trayaḥ ete eveti daśa bhavanti | ete ca yathoktena nyāyena bhūmau bhūmau navadhā bhidyante, kāmadhātau caturṣu dhyāneṣu, caturṣvārūpyeṣu | ekaikasya ca kleśaprakārasya prahāṇārthamānantaryavimuktimārgabhedena dvau dvau jñānakṣaṇau vyavasthāpyete kleśakṣaṇaviparyayeṇa | adhimātrādhimātro hi kleśaprakāraḥ mṛdumṛdubhyāmānantaryavimuktimārgābhyāṃ prahīyate | yāvanmṛdumṛdukleśaprakāro 'dhimātrādhimātrābhyāṃ jñānakṣaṇābhyāṃ prahīyate | sthūlaṃ hi malamalpaprayatnasādhyam, sūkṣmaṃ tu mahāyatnasādhyaṃ rajakavastradhāvanasādharmyeṇeti vijñeyam ||

tatra darśanamārgādūrdhvaṃ kāmāvacarabhāvanāprahātavyaṣaṣṭhakleśaprakārapratipakṣavimuktimārgākhyajñānakṣaṇādarvāg jñānakṣaṇāvasthitaḥ āryaḥ sakṛdāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | sakṛdimaṃ lokamāgatya parinirvāṇāt sakṛdāgāmītyucyate, tatphalārthaṃpratipannakaḥ prayogasthaḥ sakṛdāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | ṣaṣṭhe tu kṣaṇe sakṛdāgāmītyucyate ||

ṣaṣṭhāt kṣaṇādūrdhva navamakleśaprakāraprahāṇavimuktimārgakṣaṇādarvāgjñānakṣaṇeṣu vartamānaḥ āryaḥ anāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | anāgatya imaṃ lokaṃ tatraiva parinirvāṇādanāgāmītyucyate | tatphalārthaṃ pratipannakaḥ prayogasthaḥ anāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | navame tu kṣaṇe anāgāmītyucyate ||

kāmāvacaranavamavimuktimārgakṣaṇādūrdhvaṃ naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñātayanabhūmikanavamakleśaprakāraprahāṇavimuktimārgakṣaṇādarvāgjñānakṣaṇeṣu vartamānaḥ āryaḥ arhatphalapratipannakaḥ ityucyate | sadevamānuṣāsurāllokāt pūjārhatvādarhannityucyate | tatphalārthaṃ pratipannakaḥ prayogasthaḥ arhatphalapratipannakaḥ ityucyate | bhavāgrikanavamakleśaprakāraprahāṇāttu navamavimuktimārge vyavasthitaḥ arhan bhavati ||

ta ete catvāraḥ pratipannakāḥ pudgalāḥ, catvāraśca phalasthāḥ ityete aṣṭau mahāpuruṣapudgalā bhavanti | paramadakṣiṇārhā uktā bhagavatā | yathoktaṃ sūtre-

pratipannakāścatvāraścatvāraśca phalasthitāḥ | eṣa saṃgho dakṣiṇīyo vidyācaraṇasaṃpadā || iti |

yadi catvāri āryasatyāni na santi teṣāṃ ca parijñānāni, tadā satyadarśanabhāvanālabhyānāṃ phalānāmabhāvāt pratipannakaphalasthapudgalānāmabhāva eva | ataśca saṃgho nāsti | tatra (Pp_213) adhigamadharmeṇa pratyakṣadharmatayā sarvamārairapi buddhe bhagavati abhedyatvādavetya prasādalābhena saṃghaḥ, sa na syāt | na cet santi te 'ṣṭau puruṣapudgalāḥ ||

āryasatyānāṃ ca abhāvāt saddharmo 'pi na saṃbhavati | satāmāryāṇāṃ dharmaḥ saddharmaḥ | tatra nirodhasatyaṃ phaladharmaḥ, mārgasatyaṃ tu phalāvatāradharmaḥ | eṣa tāvadadhigamadharmaḥ | tatsaṃprakāśikā deśanā āgamadharmaḥ | sarva eṣa āryasatyānāmabhāve sati nāstīti-

yadi hi yathokto dharmaḥ syāt, tadā taddharmapratipattyā sarvākārasarvadharmābhisaṃbodhād buddho bhavatīti yuktaṃ syāt | yadi ca saṃghaḥ syāt, tadā tadupadeśairupacīyamānajñānasaṃbhāraḥ taddānamānaśaraṇagamanādibhiśca upacīyamānapuṇyasaṃbhāraḥ kramād buddho bhavet ||

athavā | asati saṃghe srotaāpattiphalapratipannakādīnāmabhāvaḥ syāt | na ca pratipannakāditvamaprāpya buddhatvamāpyate | avaśyaṃ hi pūrvaṃ bhagavatā kasmiṃścit phale vyavasthātavyam | tatra ca phale vyavasthitaḥ saṃghāntaḥpātyeva bhagavān bhavati | saṃghe cāsati niyataṃ nāsti bhagavān buddhaḥ | atha bhagavānapi aśaikṣāntarbhāvāt saṃghāntargata eva | tathā ca buddhapramukho bhikṣusaṃghaḥ ityabhidhānāt saṃghāntargata eva bhagavān iti kecidvarṇayanti | teṣāṃ matena spaṣṭamevaitat-

dharme cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddho bhaviṣyati |iti | madhyoddeśikāśca mahāvastūpadiṣṭabhūmivyavasthayā prathamabhūmisthitaṃ bodhisattvamutpannadarśanamārgaṃ vyācakṣāṇāḥ saṃghāntaḥpātinaṃ vyācakṣate | tadā saṃghe cāsati bodhisattvo 'pi nāstīti kathaṃ buddho bhaviṣyatīti spaṣṭamevaitat | tad-

kiṃ cānyat-

śūnyatāṃ bruvāṇa ityanena saṃbandhaḥ | yadi sarvamidaṃ śūnyam, yadā sarvameva nāsti, tadā sarvāntaḥ pātitvāt dharmādharmau saha taddhetukena iṣṭāniṣṭaphalena na saṃbhavataḥ | sarva eva cāmī laukikā vyavahārāḥ- kuru, paca, khāda, tiṣṭha, gaccha, āgaccha ityevamādayo 'pi sarvāntargatatvāt sarvadharmāṇāṃ ca śūnyatvānnaiva yujyante iti | ato nāyaṃ yathopavarṇito nyāyo jyāyāniti || 6 ||

sa bhavān svavikalpanayaiva nāstitvaṃ śūnyatārtha ityevaṃ viparītamadhyāropya "yadi sarvamidaṃ śūnyamudayo nāsti na vyayaḥ" ityādinopālambhaṃ bruvāṇo 'smāsu mahāntaṃ khedamāpanno 'tīva vihanyate vividhairbhūtaiḥ parikalpairhanyate ityarthaḥ | na tvayamasmābhiratra śāstre śūnyatārthaṃ upavarṇito yastvayā parigṛhītaḥ, śūnyatārthaṃ cājānānaḥ śūnyatāmapi na jānāsi | na cāpi śūnyatāyā yatprayojanaṃ tadvijānāsi | tataśca yathāvasthitavastusvarūpāparijñānena etat tvayā bahucāyuktamasmadvayākhyānāsaṃbaddhamevopavarṇitam ||

atha kiṃ punaḥ śūnyatāyāṃ prayojanam? uktameva tadātmaparīkṣāyām-

ato niravaśeṣaprapañcopaśamārthaṃ śūnyatopadiśyate, tasmātsarvaprapañcopaśamaḥ śūnyatāyāṃ prayojanam | bhavāṃstu nāstitvaṃ śūnyatārthaṃ parikalpayan prapañcajālameva saṃvardhayamāno na śūnyatāyāṃ prayojanaṃ vetti ||

atha kā punaḥ śūnyatā? sāpi tatraivoktā |

aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ prapañcairaprapañcitam ||

nirvikalpamanānārthametattatvasya lakṣaṇam || iti |

ataḥ prapañcanivṛttisvabhāvāyāṃ śūnyatāyāṃ kuto nāstitvamiti śūnyatāmapina jānāti bhavān | yaṃ cārthamupādāya śūnyatāśabdaḥ pravartate, tamapīhaiva pratipādayiṣyāmaḥ-

iti bhagavato gāthāvacanāt | evaṃ pratītyasamutpādaśabdasya yo 'rthaḥ, sa eva śūnyatāśabdasyārthaḥ, na punarabhāvaśabdasya yo 'rthaḥ sa śūnyatāśabdasyārthaḥ | abhāvaśabdārthaṃ ca śūnyatārthamityadhyāropya bhavānasmānupālabhate | tasmācchūnyatāśabdārthamapi na jānāti | ajānānaśca tvamevamupālambhaṃ kurvan niyataṃ vihanyase || 7 ||

kaścāsmākaṃ yathoktamupālambhaṃ karoti? yo bhagavatpravacanopadiṣṭāviparītasatyadvayavibhāgaṃ na jānāti, kevalaṃ granthamātrādhyayanapara eveti | ata ācāryaḥ karuṇayā parasya mithyāpravacanārthāvabodhanirāsārthaṃ bhagavatpravacanopadiṣṭāviparītasatyadvayavyavasthāmeva tāvadadhikṛtyāha-

iha hi bhagavatāṃ buddhānāṃ satyadvayamāśritya dharmadeśanā pravartate | katamatsatyadvayam? lokasaṃvṛtisatyaṃ ca paramārthasatyaṃ ca | tatra

skandhātmā loka ākhyātastatra loko hi niśritaḥ |

iti vacanātpañca skandhānupādāya prajñapyamānaḥ pudgalo loka ityucyate | samantādvaraṇaṃ saṃvṛtiḥ | ajñānaṃ hi samantātsarvapadārthatattvāvacchādanātsaṃvṛtirityucyate | parasparasaṃbhavanaṃ vā saṃvṛtiranyonyasamāśrayeṇetyarthaḥ | athavā saṃvṛtiḥ saṃketo lokavyavahāra ityarthaḥ | sa cābhidhānābhidheyajñānajñeyādilakṣaṇaḥ | loke saṃvṛtirlokasaṃvṛtiḥ | kiṃ punaralokasaṃvṛtirapyasti yata evaṃ viśiṣyate lokasaṃvṛtiriti? yathāvasthitapadārthānuvāda eṣaḥ, nātraiṣā cintāvatarati | athavā | timirakāmalādyupahatendriyaviparītadarśanāvasthānāste 'lokāḥ, teṣāṃ yā saṃvṛtirasāvalokasaṃvṛtiḥ | ato viśiṣyate lokasaṃvṛtiriti | etacca madhyamakāvatāre vistareṇoktaṃ tato veditavyam | lokasaṃvṛtyā satyaṃ lokasaṃvṛtisatyam | sarva evāyamabhidhānābhidheyajñānajñeyādivyavahāro 'śeṣo lokasaṃvṛtisatyamityucyate | na hi paramārthata ete vyavahārāḥ saṃbhavanti | tatra hi-

iti kṛtvā kutastatra paramārthe vācāṃ pravṛttiḥ kuto vā jñānasya? sa hi paramārtho 'parapratyayaḥ śāntaḥ pratyātmavedya āryāṇāṃ sarvaprapañcātītaḥ | sa nopadiśyate na cāpi jñāyate | uktaṃ hi pūrvam-

aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ prapañcairaprapañcitam | nirvikalpamanānārthametattattvasya lakṣaṇam || iti |

paramaścāsāvarthaśceti paramārthaḥ | tadeva satyaṃ paramārthasatyam | anayośca satyayorvibhāgo vistareṇa madhyamakāvatārādavaseyaḥ | tadetatsatyadvayamāśritya buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ dharmadeśanā pravartate | evaṃ vyavasthite deśanākrame-

atrāha- yadi tarhi paramārtho niṣprapañcasvabhāvaḥ sa evāstu, tatkimanayā aparayā skandhadhātvāyatanāryasatyapratītyasamutpādādideśanayā prayojanamaparamārthayā? atatvaṃ hi parityājyam | yacca parityājyaṃ kiṃ tenopadiṣṭena? ucyate | satyametadevam | kiṃ tu laukikaṃ vyavahāramanabhyupagamya abhidhānābhidheyajñānajñeyādilakṣaṇam, aśakya eva paramārtho deśayitum, adeśitaśca na śakyo 'dhigantum, anadhigamya ca paramārthaṃ na śakyaṃ nirvāṇamadhigantumiti pratipādayannāha-

tadevaṃ yaḥ saṃvṛtiparamārthalakṣaṇasatyadvayasya vyavasthāmapākṛtya śūnyatāṃ varṇayati, taṃ tathāvidhaṃ pudgalam-

saṃvṛtisatyaṃ hi ajñānamātrasamutthāpitaṃ niḥsvabhāvaṃ buddhā tasya paramārthalakṣaṇāṃ śūnyatāṃ pratipadyamāno yogī nāntadvaye patati | kiṃ tadāsīdyadidānīṃ nāstītyevaṃ pūrvaṃ bhāvasvabhāvānupalambhāt paścādapi nāstitāṃ na pratipadyate | pratibimbākārāyāśca lokasaṃvṛterabādhanāt karmakarmaphaladharmādharmādikamapi na bādhate | na cāpi paramārthaṃ bhāvasvabhāvatvena samāropayati | niḥsvabhāvānāmeva padārthānāṃ karmaphalādidarśanāt sasvabhāvanāṃ cādarśanāt ||

yastu evaṃ satyadvayavibhāgamapaśyan śūnyatāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ paśyati, sa śūnyatāṃ paśyan mumukṣurnāstitāṃ vā saṃskārāṇāṃ parikalpayed, yadi vā śūnyatāṃ kāṃcidbhāvataḥ satīm, tasyāścāśrayārthaṃ bhāvasvabhāvamapi parikalpayet | ubhayathā cāsya durdṛṣṭā śūnyatā niyataṃ vināśayet | kathaṃ kṛtvā? yadi tāvatsarvamidaṃ śūnyaṃ sarvaṃ nāstīti parikalpayet, tadāsya mithyādṛṣṭirāpadyate | yathoktam-

atha sarvāpavādaṃ kartuṃ necchati, tadā niyatamasya śūnyatāyāḥ pratikṣepa āpadyate- kathaṃ hi nāma amī bhāvāḥ sakalasurāsuranaralokairupalabhyamānā api śūnyā bhaviṣyanti? tasmānna niḥsvabhāvārthaḥ śūnyatārthaḥ, ityevaṃ pratikṣipya saddharmavyasanasaṃvartanīyena pāpakena karmaṇā niyatamapāyānvayāt | yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām-

aparo 'pyasya durjñānānmūrkhaḥ paṇḍitamānikaḥ | pratikṣepavinaṣṭātmā yātyavīcimadhomukhaḥ || iti |

evaṃ tāvadabhāvena gṛhyamāṇā śūnyatā grahītāraṃ vināśayati | athāyaṃ bhāvena śūnyatāṃ parikalpayet, tadāśrayāṇāṃ ca saṃskārāṇāmastitvam, evamapi nirvāṇagāmini mārge vipratipannatvācchūnyatopadeśavihvalo jāyeta | tadevaṃ bhāvarūpeṇāpi śūnyatā gṛhyamāṇā grahītāraṃ vināśayati ||

nanu ca yadupakārakaṃ tadanyathā [kriyamāṇamakāloptamiva bījaṃ na phalāya kalpate, kāloptaṃ ca mahate phalalābhāya jāyate, evameva maṇimantrauṣadhādibhi] rgṛhyamāṇaḥ [sarpaḥ] mahāntaṃ dhanaskandhamāvahati śiromaṇigrahaṇāt, tena ca vyālagrāhakāṇāṃ jīvikākalpanāt | yathoddeśatiraskāreṇa (Pp_217) tu gṛhyamāṇo grahītārameva vināśayati | yathā ca yathopadeśaṃ prasādhitā vidyā sādhakamanugṛhṇāti, upadeśaparibhraṣṭā tu sādhyamānā sādhakameva vināśayati, evamihāpi yathopadeśaṃ śūnyatā mahatī vidyā sādhyamānā gṛhyamāṇā bhāvābhāvādigrāhatiraskāreṇa madhyamayā pratipadā grahītāraṃ parameṇa jātijarāmaraṇādiduḥkhahutāśanaśamanaikarasena nirupadhiśeṣanirvāṇajaladharadhārāvarṣamukhena yojayati | yathopadeśaviśeṣavigamena tu gṛhyamāṇā niyataṃ yathoditena nyāyena grahītārameva vināśayati ||

yataścaivaṃ śūnyatā durgṛhītā grahītāraṃ vināśayati, mandaprajñaiśca aśakyā samyaggrahītum-

yasmādayaṃ śūnyatālakṣaṇo dharmo mandamedhasamalpaprajñaṃ sattvaṃ viparyāsagrahaṇādvināśayati, ata eva asya dharmasya mandairduravagāhatāṃ matvā anuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhimabhisaṃbudhya sarvasattvadhātuṃ cāvalokya dharmasya cātigāmbhīryam, saddharmaṃ deśayituṃ cittaṃ pratinivṛttaṃ munerbuddhasya bhagavato mahopāyajñānaviśeṣaśālinaḥ | yathoktaṃ sūtre-

atha bhagavato 'cirābhisaṃbuddhasyaitadabhavat- adhigato mayā dharmo gambhīro gambhīrāvabhāso 'tarko 'tarkāvacaraḥ sūkṣmaḥ paṇḍitavijñavedanīyaḥ | sacettamahaṃ pareṣāmārocayeyam, pare ca me na vibhāvayeyuḥ, sa mama vighātaḥ syāt, klamathaḥ syāt, cetaso 'nudayaḥ syāt | yannvahamekākyaraṇye pravivikte dṛṣṭadharmasukhavihāramanuprāpto vihareyam | iti vistaraḥ || 12 ||

tadevaṃ satyadvayāviparītavyavasthāmavijñāya-

yo 'yaṃ bhavatā mahān doṣaprasaṅgo 'smāsu prakṣiptaḥ-

yadi śūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyayaḥ |

ityādinā, sa yasmāt satyadvayavyavasthānabhijñena satā śūnyatāṃ śūnyatārthaṃ śūnyatāprayojanaṃ ca yathāvadabuddhā upakṣiptaḥ, so 'smākaṃ śūnye śūnyatāvāde nopapadyate | yataśca nopapadyate, ato yaṃ bhavān doṣaprasaṅgaṃ śūnyatāyāmudbhāvayan śūnyatāyāmadhilayamadhikṣepaṃ nirākaraṇaṃ pratikṣepaṃ karoti, so 'dhilayo 'smākaṃ nopapadyate | abhāvārthaṃ hi śūnyatārthamadhyāropya prasaṅga udbhāvito bhavatā | na ca vayamabhāvārthaṃ śūnyatārthaṃ vyācakṣmahe, kiṃ tarhi pratītyasamutpādārtham | ityato na yuktametat śūnyatādarśanadūṣaṇam || 13 ||

na ca kevalaṃ yathoktadoṣaprasaṅgo 'smatpakṣe nāvatarati, api khalu sarvameva satyādi vyavasthānaṃ sutarāmupapadyate iti pratipādayannāha-

yasya hi sarvabhāvasvabhāvaśūnyateyaṃ yujyate, tasya sarvametad yathopavarṇitaṃ yujyate | kathaṃ kṛtvā? yasmāt pratītyasamutpādaṃ hi vayaṃ śūnyateti vyācakṣmahe-

iti gāthāvacanāt | "śūnyāḥ sarvadharmā niḥsvabhāvayogena" iti prajñāpāramitābhidhānāt ||

tasmādyasyeyaṃ śūnyatā yujyate rocate kṣamate, tasya pratītyasamutpādo yujyate | yasya pratītyasamutpādo yujyate, tasya catvāryāryasatyāni yujyante | kathaṃ kṛtvā? yasmāt pratītyasamutpannaṃ hi duḥkhaṃ bhavati nāpratītyasamutpannam | tacca niḥsvabhāvatvācchūnyam | sati ca duḥkhe duḥkha samudayo duḥkhanirodho duḥkhanirodhagāminī ca pratipad yujyate | tataśca duḥkhaparijñānaṃ samudayaprahāṇaṃ nirodhasākṣātkaraṇaṃ mārgabhāvanā ca yujyate | sati ca duḥkhādisatyaparijñānādike phalāni yujyante | satsu ca phaleṣu phalasthā yujyante | satsu ca phalastheṣu pratipannakā yujyante | satsu ca pratipannakaphalastheṣu saṃgho yujyate | āryasatyānāṃ ca sadbhāve sati saddharmo 'pi yujyate | sati ca saddharme saṃghe ca buddho 'pi yujyate | tataśca trīṇyapi ratnāni yujyante | laukikalokottarāśca padārthāḥ sarve viśeṣādhigamā yujyante | dharmādharmaṃ tatphalaṃ sugatidurgatiḥ laukikāśca sarvasaṃvyavahārā yujyante | tadevam-

sarvaṃ ca yujyate tasya śūnyatā yasya yujyate |

yasya sarvabhāvasvabhāvaśūnyatā yujyate, tasya sarvametad yathoditaṃ yujyate, saṃpadyate ityarthaḥ | yasya tu śūnyatā yathoditā na yujyate, tasya pratītyasamutpādābhāvāt sarvaṃ na yujyate | yathā ca na yujyate, tathā vistareṇa pratipādayiṣyati || 14 ||

tadevamāsmākīne supariśuddhatare sarvavyavasthāsu aviruddhe vyavasthite, atisthūle atyāsanne tadviruddhe ca svakīye pakṣe doṣavati atimogho yathāvadavasthitau guṇadoṣāvapaśyan-

ke punaste parasya doṣāḥ, yānanupalabhamānaḥ śūnyatāvādinameva upālabhate iti, tān pratipādayannāha-

sati ca ahetukatvābhyupagame-

kathaṃ kṛtvā? yadīha ghaṭaḥ svabhāvato 'stīti parikalpayasi, tadā asya svabhāvato vidyamānasya kiṃ mṛdādibhirhetupratyayaiḥ prayojanamiti teṣāmabhāvaḥ syāt | nirhetukaṃ ca kāryaṃ ghaṭākhyaṃ nopapadyate | asati cāsmiṃścakrādikasya karaṇasya, kartuḥ kumbhakārasya ghaṭakaraṇakriyāyāścābhāvā dutpādanirodhayorabhāvaḥ | asatoścotpādanirodhayoḥ kutaḥ phalam? iti sasvabhāvābhyupagame sati sarvametat kāryādikaṃ pratibādhase | tadevaṃ bhavataḥ sasvabhāvābhyupagame sati sarvameva na yujyate || 17 ||

asmākaṃ tu bhāvasvabhāvaśūnyatāvādināṃ sarvametadupapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmādvayam-

yo 'yaṃ pratītyasamutpādo hetupratyayānapekṣya aṅkuravijñānādīnāṃ prādurbhāvaḥ, sa svabhāve nānutpādaḥ | yaśca svabhāvenānutpādo bhāvānāṃ sā śūnyatā | yathā bhagavatoktam-

yaḥ pratyatyairjāyati sa hyajāto na tasya utpādu svabhāvato 'sti | yaḥ pratyayādhīnu sa śūnya ukto yaḥ śūnyatāṃ jānati so 'pramattaḥ || iti |

tathā āryalaṅkāvatāre- "svabhāvānutpattiṃ saṃdhāya mahāmate sarvadharmāḥ śūnyā iti mayā deśitāḥ" || iti vistareṇoktam ||

dvayardhaśatikāyām- "śūnyāḥ sarvadharmā niḥsvabhāvayogena" || iti ||

yā ceyaṃ svabhāvaśūnyatā sā prajñaptirupādāya, saiva śūnyatā upādāya prajñaptiriti vyavasthāpyate | cakrādīnyupādāya rathāṅgāni rathaḥ prajñapyate | tasya yā svāṅgānyupādāya prajñaptiḥ, sā (Pp_220) svabhāvenānutpattiḥ, yā ca svabhāvenānutpattiḥ, sā śūnyatā | saiva svabhāvānutpattilakṣaṇā śūnyatā madhyamā pratipaditi vyavasthāpyate | yasya hi svabhāvenānutpattiḥ, tasya astitvābhāvaḥ, svabhāvena cānutpannasya vigamābhāvānnāstitvābhāva iti | ato bhāvābhāvāntadvayarahitatvāt sarvasvabhāvānutpattilakṣaṇā śūnyatā madhyamā pratipat, madhyamo mārga ityucyate | tadevaṃ pratītyasamutpādasyaivaitā viśeṣa saṃjñāḥ- śūnyatā, upādāya prajñaptiḥ, madhyamā pratipad iti || 18 ||

vicāryamāṇaśca sarvathā-

yo hi apratītyasamutpanno dharmaḥ, sa na saṃvidyate | yathoktaṃ śatake-

ākāśādīni kalpyante nityānīti pṛthagjanaiḥ | laukikenāpi teṣvarthānna paśyanti vicakṣaṇāḥ || iti |

uktaṃ ca bhagavatā-

evam-

apratītya samutpanno dharmaḥ kaścinna vidyate |

apratīsamutpannaśca śūnyaḥ | tasmādaśūnyo dharmo nāsti | yata etadevam, ato 'smākaṃ sarvadharmāścaśūnyāḥ, na ca paroktadoṣaprasaṅgaḥ || 19 ||

bhavatastu sasvabhāvavādinaḥ-

yadyaśūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyayaḥ |

tadā niyatamudayavyayayorabhāve sati-

kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt-

yaddhi sasvabhāvam, na tatpratītyotpadyate | yacca apratītya samutpannam, na tadanityaṃ bhavati | na hi gaganakusumamavidyamānamanityam | anityaṃ ca duḥkhamuktaṃ bhavagatā- yadanityaṃ tadduḥkhamiti | tathā ca śatakaśāstre-

anityasya dhruvā pīḍā pīḍā yasya na tatsukham | tasmādanityaṃ yatsarvaṃ duḥkhaṃ taditi jāyate || iti |

evaṃ tāvat sasvabhāvatve sati bhāvānāṃ duḥkhaṃ na yujyate | na ca kevalaṃ duḥkhameva na yujyate, sati sasvabhāvābhyupagame samudayo 'pi na yujyate iti pratipādayannāha-

svabhāvato vidyamānaṃ kiṃ punaḥ samudeṣyate |

iha samudetyasmādduḥkhamiti duḥkhasya hetu [taḥ] samudaya ityucyate | tadasya duḥkhasya śūnyatāṃ pratibādhamānasya sasvabhāvaṃ duḥkhamabhyupagacchataḥ tasya punarutpādavaiyarthyāt taddhetukalpanāvaiyarthyameva, ityevaṃ śūnyatāṃ pratibādhamānasya samudayo 'pi bhavato na yujyate || 22 ||

svābhāvikameva duḥkhamabhyupagacchato duḥkhanirodho 'pi na yujyate iti pratipādayannāha-

idānīmāryamārgo 'pi sasvabhāvavādino yathā nopapadyate tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi sasvabhāvā bhāvā bhaveyuḥ, tadā mārgo 'pi sasvabhāva eveti kṛtvā abhāvita evāsāvasti | tasya kiṃ punarbhāvanayeti? evam-

svābhāvye sati mārgasya bhāvanā nopapadyate |

api ca- duḥkhasya nirodhaprāptyarthaṃ samudayasya ca prahāṇārthaṃ bhāvanā mārgasyeṣyate | pūrvoktena tu nyāyena sasvabhāvavādino bhavataḥ-

nāstyeva asau duḥkhanirodhaḥ, yannirodhānmārgo bhāvitaḥ san prāpayiṣyati | tasmādāryamārgo 'pyevaṃ nopapadyata iti | evaṃ sasvabhāvavādinaḥ caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaḥ prāpnoti || 25 ||

idānīṃ duḥkhādiparijñānādikamapi yathā parasya na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi pūrvaṃ duḥkhamaparijñātasvabhāvaṃ tat paścāt parijñāyata iti kalpyate, tadayuktam | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmānnanu kila svabhāvaḥ samavasthitaḥ | yo hi svabhāvaḥ, sa kila loke samavasthitaḥ, naivānyathātvamāpadyate, vahnerauṣṇyavat | yadā ca svabhāvasyānyathātvaṃ nāsti, tadā pūrvamaparijñātasvabhāvasya duḥkhasya paścādapi parijñānaṃ nopapadyata iti | ato duḥkhaparijñānamapi na saṃbhavati || 26 ||

yadā caitadduḥkhaparijñānamapi na saṃbhavati, tadā-

yadetat samudayasya prahāṇaṃ nirodhasya ca sākṣātkaraṇam, te ete dve prahāṇasākṣātkaraṇe yā ca mārgasya bhāvanā, eṣāpi | evameva te duḥkhaparijñānāsaṃbhavānna yujyante | samudayasya svabhāvenāprahīṇasya svabhāvasyānapāyitvāt paścādapi prahāṇaṃ nopapadyate | evaṃ bhāvanāsākṣātkaraṇe 'pi yojyam | na ca kevalaṃ parijñānādikameva na saṃbhavati sasvabhāvavāde, api ca-

parijñāvanna yujyante catvāryapi phalāni ca |

yathā svabhāvenāparijñātasya duḥkhasya parijñānaṃ na yuktam, evaṃ svabhāvenāvidyamānasya pūrvaṃ srotaāpattiphalasya paścādastitvaṃ na saṃbhavati | yathā srotaāpattiphalasya, evaṃ sakṛdāgāmyanāgāmyarhatphalānāmabhāvo veditavyaḥ || 27 ||

na ca kevalametāni phalāni parijñāvanna yujyante, kiṃ tarhi adhigamo 'pyeṣāṃ na yujyata iti pratipādayannāha-

api ca- sasvabhāvābhyupagame sati-

yadi hi svabhāvato buddho nāma kaścid bhāvaḥ syāt, sa bodhiṃ sarvajñajñānamapratītyāpi anapekṣyāpi syāt |

akṛtrimaḥ svabhāvo hi nirapekṣaḥ paratra ca |

iti vacanāt | tathā vināpi buddhena bodhiḥ syāt, anapekṣyāpi buddhaṃ nirāśrayā bodhiḥ syāt || 31 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

kiṃ cānyat-

sati hi svabhāvavādābhyupagame dharmādharmayoḥ karaṇaṃ nopapadyate | kiṃ hi aśūnyasya kartavyam? na hi svabhāvasyāśūnyasya kāraṇamupapadyate vidyamānatvāt || 33 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

yadetaddharmādharmanimittakamiṣṭāniṣṭaphalam, yadi tat svabhāvato 'sti, tad vināpi dharmādharmābhyāṃ syāt | yadā ca vinā dharmādharmaṃ phalaṃ tavāsti, tadā dharmādharmajaṃ phalaṃ tava na saṃbhavati | dharmādharmopārjanavaiyarthyaṃ syāt,

dharmādharmanimittaṃ ca phalaṃ tava na vidyate | iti |

atha dharmādharmanimittakaṃ phalaṃ bhavatīti parikalpyate, na tarhi tatphalamaśūnyamiti pratipādayannāha-

api ca | sarva eva hyete 'gaccha, kuru, paca, paṭha, tiṣṭha'; ityevamādayo laukikā vyavahārāḥ pratītyasamutpannāḥ | tān yadi sasvabhāvānicchati bhavān, tadā bhavatā pratītyasamutpādo bādhito bhavati |tadbādhanācca sarva eva laukikā vyavahārā bādhitā bhavantīti pratipādayannāha-

yacchabdaḥ kriyāviśeṣaṇam | yadbādhase ityanena saṃbadhyate || 36 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

yadi hi svarūpaśūnyāḥ padārthā na bhaveyuḥ, sasvabhāvā eva bhaveyuḥ, tadā svabhāvasya vidyamānatvānna kenacit kasyacit kiṃcit kartavyaṃ syāt | na hi nabhaso 'nāvaraṇatvaṃ kenacit kriyate | akriyamāṇā ca kriyā syāt | kriyāṃ cākurvāṇasya kārakatvaṃ syāt | na caitadevamiti | tasmānnāśūnyāḥ padārthāḥ || 37 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

[vicitrābhiravasthāmiḥ svabhāvaracitaṃ svabhāvenaiva racitamapratītyasamutpannaṃ jagat svabhāvaśūnyavādinām |] svabhāvenaiva yadi bhāvāḥ [sasvabhāvāḥ] syuḥ, tadā svabhāvasyākṛtrimatvādavyāvartanatvācca sarvamidaṃ jagadajātamaniruddhaṃ ca syāt | ajātāniruddhatvājjagat kūṭasthaṃ syāt | hetupratyayānapekṣaṃ vicitrābhiravasthābhī rahitamapratītyasamutpannaṃ jagadaśūnyavādināṃ syāt | yathoktaṃ pitāputrasamāgame-

syādyadi kiṃcidaśūnyaṃ na vadejjinu tasya vyākaraṇam |

tathāhi sthitaṃ tat svake svake bhāve |

kūṭasthamavikāraṃ na tasya vṛddhirna parihāṇiḥ || iti ||

tathā āryahastikakṣyasūtre-

yadi koci dharmāṇa bhavetsvabhāvaḥ tatraiva gaccheya jinaḥ saśrāvakaḥ | kūṭasthadharmāṇa siyā na nirvṛtī na niṣprapañco bhavi jātu paṇḍitaḥ || iti || 38 ||

na ca kevalaṃ sasvabhāvavādābhyupagame laukikā eva vyavahārā nopapadyante, api ca lokottarā eva [api?] nopapadyante iti pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi aśūnyaṃ sasvabhāvaṃ sarvametat syāt, tadā yadasaṃprāptaṃ tadasaṃprāptameva, iti asaṃprāptasya ca phalasya prāptirna syāt | tadā duḥkhaparyantakāraṇaṃ ca pūrvaṃ nābhūditi sāṃpratamapi na syāt | sarveṣāṃ ca kleśānāṃ pūrvaṃ prahāṇaṃ nābhūditi paścādapi prahāṇaṃ na syāt || 39 ||

tadevaṃ yasmāt sasvabhāvavādābhyupagame sati sarvametanna yujyate, ataḥ-

yo hi sarvadharmapratītyasamutpādalakṣaṇāṃ svabhāvaśūnyatāṃ samyak paśyati, sa catvāri āryasatyāni paśyati yathābhūtāni tattvataḥ |

yathoktamāryamañjuśrīparipṛcchāyām-

yena mañjuśrīranutpādaḥ sarvadharmāṇāṃ dṛṣṭaḥ, tena duḥkhaṃ parijñātam | yena nāstitā sarvadharmāṇāṃ dṛṣṭā, tasya samudayaḥ prahīṇaḥ | yena atyantaparinirvṛtāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena nirodhaḥ sākṣātkṛtaḥ | yena mañjuśrīrabhāvaḥ sarvadharmāṇāṃ dṛṣṭaḥ, tena mārgo bhāvitaḥ || iti vistaraḥ ||

uktaṃ ca āryadhyāyitamuṣṭisūtre-

atha khalu bhagavān mañjuśriyaṃ kumārabhūtametadavocat- caturṇā mañjuśrīrāryasatyānāṃ yathābhūtādarśanāccaturbhirviparyāsairviparyastacittāḥ sattvā evabhimamabhūtaṃ saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | evamukte mañjuśrīḥ kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat- deśayatu bhagavān kasyopalambhataḥ sattvāḥ saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti? bhagavānāha- ātmātmīyopalambhato mañjuśrīḥ sattvāḥ saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | tat kasya hetoḥ? yo hi mañjuśrīrātmānaṃ paraṃ ca samanupaśyati, tasya karmābhisaṃskārā bhavanti | bālo mañjuśrīraśrutavān pṛthagjano 'tyantaparinirvṛtān sarvadharmānaprajānānaḥ ātmānaṃ paraṃ ca upalabhate, upalabhya abhiniviśate, abhiniviṣṭaḥ san rajyate duṣyate muhyate | sa rakto duṣṭo mūḍhaḥ san trividhaṃ karma abhisaṃskaroti kāyena vācā manasā | saḥ asatsamāropeṇa vikalpayati- ahaṃ raktaḥ, ahaṃ duṣṭaḥ, ahaṃ mūḍhaḥ iti | tasya tathāgataśāsane pravrajitasya evaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ śīlavān, ahaṃ brahmacārī, saṃsāraṃ samatikrāmiṣyāmi, ahaṃ nirvāṇamanuprāpsyāmi, ahaṃ duḥkhebhyo mokṣyāmi | sa kalpayati- ime dharmāḥ kuśalāḥ, ime dharmā akuśalā iti, ime dharmāḥ prahātavyāḥ, ime dharmāḥ sākṣātkartavyāḥ, duḥkhaṃ parijñātavyam, samudayaḥ prahātavyaḥ, nirodhaḥ sākṣātkartavyaḥ, mārgo bhāvayitavyaḥ | sa kalpayati anityāḥ sarvasaṃskārāḥ, ādīptāḥ sarvasaṃskārāḥ | yannvahaṃ sarvasaṃskārebhyaḥ palāyeyam | tasyaiva mavekṣamāṇasya utpadyate nirvitsahagato manasikāraḥ animittapurogataḥ | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- eṣā sā duḥkhaparijñā, yeyameṣāṃ dharmāṇāṃ parijñā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- yannvahaṃ samudayaṃ prajaheyam | sa sarvadharmebhya artīyate jehrīyate vitarati vijugupsate uttrasyati saṃtrasyati saṃtrāsamāpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- iyameṣāṃ dharmāṇāṃ sākṣātkriyā, idaṃ samudayaprahāṇam, yadidamebhyo dharmebhyo 'rtīyanā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- nirodhaḥ sākṣātkartavyaḥ | samudayaṃ kalpayitvā nirodhaṃ saṃjānāti | tasyaivaṃ (Pp_226) bhavati- eṣā sā nirodhasākṣātkriyā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- yannūnamahaṃ mārgaṃ bhāvayeyam | sa eko rahogatastān dharmān manasi kurvan śamathaṃ pratilabhate | tasya tena nirvitsahagatena manasikāreṇa śamatha utpadyate | tasya sarvadharmeṣu cittaṃ na pralīyate prativahati pratyudāvartate | tebhyaścārtīyate jehrīyate, anabhinandanācittaṃ samutpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati- mukto 'smi sarvaduḥkhebhyaḥ, na mama bhūyaḥ uttariṃ kiṃcitkaraṇīyam, arhannasmītyātmānaṃ saṃjānāti | sa maraṇakālasamaye utpattimātmano deveṣu paśyati | tasya kāṅkṣā vicikitsā ca bhavati buddhabodhau | sa vicikitsāmāpatitaḥ kālagato mahānirayeṣu prapatati | tatkasya hetoḥ? yathāpīdamanutpannān sarvadharmān vikalpayitvā tathāgate vicikitsāṃ vimatimutpādayati ||

atha khalu mañjuśrīḥ kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat- kathaṃ punarbhagavan catvāri āryasatyāni draṣṭavyāni? bhagavānāha- yena mañjuśrīranutpannāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena duḥkhaṃ parijñātam | yena asamutthitāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tasya samudayaḥ prahīṇaḥ | yena atyantaparinirvṛtāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena nirodhaḥ sākṣātkṛtaḥ | yena atyantaśūnyāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena mārgo bhāvitaḥ | yena mañjuśrīrevaṃ catvāri āryasatyāni dṛṣṭāni, sa na kalpayati- ime dharmāḥ kuśalāḥ, ime dharmā akuśalāḥ, ime dharmāḥ prahātavyāḥ, ime dharmāḥ sākṣātkartavyāḥ, duḥkhaṃ parijñātavyam, samudayaḥ prahātavyaḥ, nirodhaḥ sākṣātkartavyaḥ, mārgo bhāvayitavyaḥ iti | tat kasya hetoḥ? tathāhi sa taṃ dharmaṃ na samanupaśyati nopalabhate yaṃ parikalpayet | bālapṛthagjanāstvetān dharmān kalpayanto rajyanti ca dviṣyanti ca muhyanti ca | sa na kaṃciddharmamāvyūhati nirvyūhati | tasyaivamanāvyūhato 'nirvyūhatastraidhātuke cittaṃ na sajjati | ajātaṃ sarvatraidhātukaṃ samanupaśyati māyopamaṃ svapnopamaṃ pratiśrutkopamam || evaṃsvabhāvān sarvadharmān paśyan anunayapratidhāpagato bhavati sarvasattveṣu | tat kasya hetoḥ? tathāhi sa tān dharmān nopalabhate yatrānunīyeta vā pratihanyeta vā | sa ākāśasamena cittena buddhamapi na samanupaśyati, dharmamapi na samanupaśyati, saṃdhamapi na samanupaśyati | sarvadharmān śūnyāniti samanupaśyan na kvaciddharme vicikitsāmutpādayati | avicikitsan nirupādāno bhavati | nirupādāno 'nupādāya parinirvātīti vistaraḥ || 40 ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau āryasatyaparīkṣā nāma caturviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

25 nirvāṇaparīkṣā pañcaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha-

iha hi bhagavatā uṣitabrahmacaryāṇāṃ tathāgataśāsanapratipannānnāṃ dharmānudharmapratipattiyuktānāṃ pudgalānāṃ dvividhaṃ nirvāṇamupavarṇitaṃ sopadhiśeṣaṃ nirupadhiśeṣaṃ ca | tatra niravaśeṣasya avidyārāgādikasya kleśagaṇasya prahāṇāt sopadhiśeṣaṃ nirvāṇamiṣyate | tatra upadhīyate 'sminnātmasnehaḥ iti upadhiḥ | upadhiśabdena ātmaprajñaptinimittāḥ pañcopādānaskandhā ucyante | śiṣyata iti śeṣaḥ, upadhireva śeṣaḥ upadhiśeṣaḥ, saha upadhiśeṣeṇa vartate iti sopadhiśeṣam | kiṃ tat? nirvāṇam | tacca skandhamātrakameva kevalaṃ satkāyadṛṣṭayādikleśataskararahitamavaśiṣyate nihatāśeṣacauragaṇagrāmamātrāvasthānasādharmyeṇa | tat sopadhiśeṣaṃ nirvāṇam | yatra tu nirvāṇe skandhapañcakamapi nāsti, tannirupadhiśeṣaṃ nirvāṇam | nirgataḥ upadhiśeṣo 'sminniti kṛtvā | nihatāśeṣacauragaṇasya grāmamātrasyāpi vināśasādharmyeṇa | tadeva ca adhikṛtya ucyate-

tathā-

asaṃlīnena kāyena vedanāmadhyavāsayat | pradyotasyeva nirvāṇaṃ vimokṣastasya cetasaḥ || iti |

tadevaṃ nirupadhiśeṣaṃ nirvāṇaṃ skandhānāṃ nirodhāllabhyate | etacca dvividhaṃ nirvāṇaṃ kathaṃ yujyate yadi kleśānāṃ skandhānāṃ ca nirodho bhavati? yadā tu sarvamidaṃ śūnyam, naiva kiṃcidutpadyate nāpi kiṃcinnirudhyate, tadā kutaḥ kleśāḥ, kuto vā skandhāḥ, yeṣāṃ nirodhe nirvāṇaṃ syāditi? tasmādvidyata eva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva iti || 1 ||

atrocyate | nanu evamapi sasvabhāvābhyupagame-

svabhāvena hi vyavasthitānāṃ kleśānāṃ skandhānāṃ ca svabhāvasyānapāyitvāt kuto nivṛttiḥ, yatastannivṛttyā nirvāṇaṃ syāditi? tasmāt svabhāvavādināṃ naiva nirvāṇamupapadyate | na ca śūnyatāvādinaḥ skandhanivṛttilakṣaṇaṃ kleśanivṛttilakṣaṇaṃ vā nirvāṇamicchanti yatasteṣāmayaṃ doṣaḥ syāditi | ataḥ anupālambha evāyaṃ śūnyavādinām || 2 ||

yadi khalu śūnyatāvādinaḥ kleśānāṃ skandhānāṃ vā nivṛttilakṣaṇaṃ nirvāṇaṃ necchanti, kiṃlakṣaṇaṃ tarhi icchanti? ucyate-

yaddhi naiva prahīyate rāgādivat, nāpi prāpyate śrāmaṇyaphalavat, nāpyucchidyate skandhādivat, yaccāpi na nityamaśūnyavat, tat svabhāvato 'niruddhamanutpannaṃ ca sarvaprapañcopaśamalakṣaṇaṃ nirvāṇamuktam | tat kutastasminnitthaṃvidhe niṣprapañce kleśakalpanā yeṣāṃ kleśānāṃ prahāṇānnirvāṇaṃ bhavet? kuto vā skandhakalpanā tatra, yeṣāṃ skandhānāṃ nirodhāt tadbhavet? yāvaddhi etāḥ kalpanāḥ pravartante, tāvannāsti nirvāṇādhigamaḥ, sarvaprapañcaparikṣayādeva tadadhigamāt ||

atha syāt- yadyapi nirvāṇe na santi kleśāḥ, na cāpi skandhāḥ, tathāpi nirvāṇādarvāgvidyante | tatasteṣāṃ parikṣayānnirvāṇaṃ bhaviṣyatīti | ucyate | tyajyatāmayaṃ grāhaḥ, yasmānnirvāṇādarvāk svabhāvato vidyamānānāṃ na punarabhāvaḥ śakyate kartum | tasmānnirvāṇābhilāṣiṇā tyājyaiṣā kalpanā | vakṣyati hi-

nivāṇasya ca yā koṭiḥ koṭiḥ saṃsaraṇasya ca | na tayorantaraṃ kiṃcitsusūkṣmamapi vidyate || iti |

tadevaṃ nirvāṇe na kasyacit prahāṇaṃ nāpi kasyacinnirodha iti vijñeyam | tataśca niravaśeṣakalpanākṣayarūpameva nirvāṇam | uktaṃ ca bhagavatā-

nirvṛtti dharmāṇa ca asti dharmā ye neha astī na te jātu asti | astīti nāstīti ca kalpanāvatāmevaṃ carantāna na duḥkha śāmyati || iti |

asyā gāthāyā ayamarthaḥ- nivṛtau nirupadhiśeṣe nirvāṇadhātau dharmāṇāṃ kleśakarmajanmalakṣaṇānāṃ skandhānāṃ vā sarvathā astaṃgamādastitvaṃ nāsti, evaṃ ca sarvavādināmabhimatam | ye tarhi dharmā iha nirvṛtau na santi, pradīpodayādandhakāropalabdharajjusarpabhayādivat, na te jātu asti, na te dharmāḥ kleśakarmajanmādilakṣaṇāḥ kasmiṃścit kāle saṃsārāvasthāyāmapi tattvato (Pp_229) vidyante | na hi rajjuḥ andhakārāvasthāyāṃ svarūpataḥ sarpo 'sti, sadbhūtasarpavat andhakāre 'pi āloke 'pi kāyacakṣurbhyāmagrahaṇāt | kathaṃ tarhi saṃsāraḥ iti cet, ucyate | ātmātmīyāsadgrahagrastānāṃ bālapṛthagjanānāmasatsvarūpā api bhāvāḥ satyataḥ pratibhāsante taimirikāṇāmiva asatkeśamaśakādaya iveti | āha-

astīti nāstīti ca kalpanāvatāmevaṃ carantāna na duḥkha śāmyati | iti |

astīti bhāvasadbhāvakalpanāvatāṃ jaiminīyakāṇādakāpilādīnāṃ vaibhāṣikaparyantānām| nāstīti ca kalpanāvatāṃ nāstikānāmapāyagatiniṣṭhānām | tadanyeṣāṃ ca atītānāgatasaṃsthānāṃ vijñaptiviprayuktasaṃskārāṇāṃ nāstivādināṃ tadanyadastivādinām, parikalpitasvabhāvasya nāstivādinām, paratantrapariniṣpannasvabhāvayorastivādinām, evamastināstivādināmevaṃ caratāṃ na duḥkhaṃ saṃsāraḥ śāmyatīti | tathā-

yatha śaṅkitena viṣasaṃjña abhyupeti no cāpi koṣṭha gantu āviṣṭa papadyate | evameva bālu 'pagato ..... jāyi mriyate sadā abhūto || iti |

tadevaṃ na kasyacinnirvāṇe prahāṇaṃ nāpi kasyacinnirodha iti vijñeyam | tataśca sarvakalpanākṣayarūpameva nirvāṇam | yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām-

ye tu sarvakalpanopaśamarūpaṃ nirvāṇamapratipadyamānāḥ bhāvābhāvatadubhayānubhayarūpaṃ nirvāṇaṃ parikalpayanti, tān prati ucyate-

tatraike bhāvato nirvāṇamabhiniviṣṭā evamācakṣate- iha kleśakarmajanmasaṃtānapravṛttiniyatarodhabhūto jalapravāharodhabhūtasetusthānīyo nirodhātmakaḥ padārthaḥ, tannirvāṇam | na ca avidyamānasvabhāvo dharmaḥ evaṃ kāryakārī dṛśyate | nanu ca yo 'syā nandīrāgasahagatāyāstṛṣṇāyāḥ kṣayo virāgo nirodho nirvāṇamityuktam, na ca kṣayamātraṃ bhāvo bhavitumarhati | tathā-

pradyotasyeva nirvāṇaṃ vimokṣastasya cetasaḥ |

ityuktam | na ca pradyotasya nivṛttirbhāva ityupapadyate | ucyate | naitadevaṃ vijñeyaṃ tṛṣṇāyāḥ kṣayaḥ tṛṣṇākṣayaḥ iti | kiṃ tarhi tṛṣṇāyāḥ kṣayo 'sminniti nirvāṇākhye dharme sati bhavati, sa tṛṣṇākṣaya iti vaktavyam | pradīpaśca dṛṣṭāntamātram | tatrāpi yasmin sati cetaso vimokṣo bhavatīti veditavyamiti ||

evaṃ bhāve nirvāṇa vyavasthāpite ācāryo nirūpayati- bhāvastāvanna nirvāṇam | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmājjarāmaraṇalakṣaṇaṃ prasajyeta, bhāvasya jarāmaraṇalakṣaṇāvyabhicāritvāt | tataśca nirvāṇameva tanna syāt, jarāmaraṇalakṣaṇatvādvijñānavat, ityabhiprāyaḥ ||

tāmeva ca jarāmaraṇalakṣaṇavyabhicāritāṃ spaṣṭayannāha- asti bhāvo hi na jarāmaraṇaṃ vineti | yo hi jarāmaraṇarahitaḥ, sa bhāva eva na saṃbhavati, khapuṣpavat, jarāmaraṇarahitatvāt || 4 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

yadi nirvāṇaṃ bhāvaḥ syāt, tadā tannirvāṇaṃ saṃskṛtaṃ bhavet, vijñānādivat bhāvatvāt | yastu asaṃskṛtaḥ, nāsau bhāvaḥ, tadyathā kharaviṣāṇavaditi vyatirekamupadarśayannāha-

nāsaṃskṛto hi vidyate bhāvaḥ kvacana kaścana |

kvacanetyadhikaraṇe deśe kāle siddhānte vā | kaścanetyādheye | ādhyātmiko bāhyātmiko vetyarthaḥ || 5 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

yadi bhavanmatena nirvāṇaṃ bhāvaḥ syāt, tadupādāya bhavet, svakāraṇasāmagrīmāśritya bhavedityarthaḥ | na caivamupādāya nirvāṇamiṣyate, kiṃ tarhi anupādāya | tadyadi bhāvo nirvāṇamanupādāya, tat kathaṃ nirvāṇaṃ syāt? naiva anupādāya syāt, bhāvatvāt, vijñānādivat | vyatirekakāraṇamāha- nānupādāya kaścidbhāvo hi vidyate iti || 6 ||

atrāha- yadi bhāvo hi na nirvāṇam, yathoditadoṣaprasaṅgāt, kiṃ tarhi abhāva eva nirvāṇam, kleśajanmanivṛttimātratvāditi? ucyate | etadapyayuktam, yasmāt-

yadi bhāvo nirvāṇaṃ neṣyate, yadi nirvāṇaṃ bhāva iti neṣyate, tadā kimabhāvo bhaviṣyati nirvāṇam? abhāvo 'pi na bhaviṣyatītyarthaḥ | kleśajanmanorabhāvo nirvāṇamiti cet, evaṃ tarhi (Pp_231) kleśajanmanoranityatā nirvāṇamiti syāt | anityataiva hi kleśajanmanorabhāvo nānyat, ityataḥ anityataiva nirvāṇaṃ syāt | na caitadiṣṭam, ayatnenaiva mokṣaprasaṅgādityuktamevaitat || 7 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

tatra abhāvaḥ anityatā vā bhāvamupādāya prajñapyate, kharaviṣāṇādīnāmanityatānupalambhāt | lakṣaṇamāśritya lakṣyaṃ prajñapyate, lakṣyamāśritya ca lakṣaṇam | ataḥ parasparāpekṣikyāṃ lakṣyalakṣaṇapravṛttau kuto lakṣyaṃ bhāvamapekṣya anityatā bhaviṣyati? tasmādabhāvo 'pyupādāya prajñapyate | tato yadi abhāvaśca nirvāṇam, tat kathamanupādāya nirvāṇaṃ bhavet? upādāyaiva tadbhavet, abhāvatvādvināśavat | etadeva spaṣṭayannāha- na hyabhāvo 'sti yo 'nupādāya vidyate iti ||

yadi tarhi abhāvaḥ anupādāya nāsti, kimidānīmupādāya bandhyāputrādayo 'bhāvā bhaviṣyanti? kenaitaduktaṃ vandhyāputrādayo 'bhāvā iti? uktaṃ hi pūrvam-

bhāvasya cedaprasiddhirabhāvo naiva sidhyati | bhāvasya hyanyathābhāvamabhāvaṃ bruvate janāḥ || iti |

tasmānna bandhyāputrādīnāmabhāvatvam | yaccāpyucyate-

tatrāpi bhāvakalpanāpratiṣedhamātram, na abhāvakalpanā, bhāvatvāsiddhereveti vijñeyam | vandhyāputra iti śabdamātramevaitat, na asya arthaḥ upalabhyate, yasyārthasya bhāvatvamabhāvatvaṃ vā syāditi | kutaḥ anupalabhyamānasvabhāvasya bhāvābhāvakalpanā yokṣyate? tasmāt na bandhyāputro 'bhāva iti vijñeyam | tataśca sthitameva na hyabhāvo 'sti yo 'nupādāya vidyate iti || 8 ||

atrāha- yadi bhāvo nirvāṇaṃ na bhavati, abhāvo 'pi, kiṃ tarhi nirvāṇamiti? ucyate | iha hi bhagavadbhistathāgataiḥ-

tatra ājavaṃjavībhāvaḥ āgamanagamanabhāvajanmamaraṇaparaṃparetyarthaḥ | sa cāyamājavaṃjavībhāvaḥ kadāciddhetupratyayasāmagrīmāśritya astīti prajñapyate dīrghahrasvavat | kadācidutpadyata iti prajñapyate pradīpaprabhāvad bījāṅkuravat | sarvathā yadyayamupādāya prajñapyate, yadi vā pratītya jāyata iti vyavasthāpyate, sarvathāsya janmamaraṇaparaṃparāprabandhasya apratītya vā anupādāya vā apravṛttistannirvāṇamiti (Pp_232) vyavasthāpyate | na ca apravṛttimātraṃ bhāvo 'bhāvo veti parikalpitu pāryata iti | evaṃ na bhāvo nābhāvo nirvāṇam ||

athavā | yeṣāṃ saṃskārāḥ saṃsarantīti pakṣaḥ, teṣāṃ pratītya pratītya ya utpādaśca vināśaśca, so 'pratītyāpravartamāno nirvāṇamiti kathyate | yeṣāṃ tu pudgalaḥ saṃsarati, teṣāṃ tasya nityānityatvenāvācyasya tattadupādānamāśritya ya ājavaṃjavībhāvaḥ sa upādāya pravartate, sa evopādāyopādāya pravartayamānaḥ sannidānīmanupādāyāpravartayamāno nirvāṇamiti vyapadiśyate | na ca saṃskārāṇāṃ pudgalasya vā apravṛttimātrakaṃ bhāvo 'bhāvo veti śakyaṃ parikalpayitum | ityato 'pi na bhāvo nābhāvo nirvāṇamiti yujyate || 9 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

tatra sūtra uktam- ye kecidbhikṣavo bhavena bhavasya niḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante vibhavena vā, aparijñānaṃ [taṃ?] tatteṣāmiti | ubhayaṃ hyetat parityājyaṃ bhave tṛṣṇā vibhave tṛṣṇā ca | na caitannirvāṇaṃ prahātavyamuktaṃ bhagavatā, kiṃ tarhi aprahātavyam | tadyadi nirvāṇaṃ bhāvarūpaṃ syādabhāvarūpaṃ vā, tadapi prahātavyaṃ bhavet | na ca prahātavyam |

tasmānna bhāvo nābhāvo nirvāṇamiti yujyate ||

yeṣāmapi kleśajanmanostatrābhāvādabhāvarūpaṃ nirvāṇaṃ svayaṃ ca bhāvarūpatvādbhāvarūpamityubhayarūpam, teṣāmubhayarūpamiti nirvāṇaṃ nopapadyate, iti pratipādayannāha-

yadi bhāvābhāvobhayarūpaṃ nirvāṇaṃ syāt, tadā bhāvaśca abhāvaśca mokṣa iti syāt | tataśca yaḥ saṃskārāṇāmātmalābhaḥ tasya ca vigamaḥ, sa eva mokṣaḥ syāt | na ca saṃskārā eva mokṣa iti yujyate | ata evāha- tacca na yujyate iti || 11 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

yadi bhāvābhāvarūpaṃ nirvāṇaṃ syāt, tadā hetupratyayasāmagrīmupādāya āśritya bhavet, na anupādāya | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmādupādāyobhayaṃ hi tat | bhāvamupādāya abhāvaḥ, abhāvaṃ copādāya bhāvaḥ, iti kṛtvā ubhayametad bhāvaṃ ca abhāvaṃ ca upādāyaiva bhavati, na anupādāya | evaṃ nirvāṇaṃ bhaved bhāvābhāvarūpam | na caitadevam, iti na yuktametat || 12 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

bhāvo hi svahetupratyayasāmagrīsaṃbhūtatvāt saṃskṛtaḥ | abhāvo 'pi [bhāvaṃ] pratītya saṃbhūtatvāt, jātipratyayajarāmaraṇavacanācca saṃskṛtaḥ | tadyadi bhāvābhāvasvabhāvaṃ nirvāṇaṃ syāt, tadā na asaṃskṛtam, [kiṃ tu] saṃskṛtameva | yasmānna ca saṃskṛtamiṣyate, tasmānna bhāvābhāvasvarūpaṃ nirvāṇaṃ yujyate || 13 ||

athāpi syāt- naiva hi nirvāṇaṃ bhāvābhāvasvarūpam, kiṃ tarhi nirvāṇe bhāvābhāvāviti | evamapi na yuktam | kutaḥ? yasmāt-

bhāvābhāvayorapi parasparaviruddhayorekatra nirvāṇe nāsti saṃbhava iti, ataḥ,

bhavedabhāvo bhāvaśca nirvāṇe ubhayaṃ katham |

idānīṃ yathā naiva bhāvo naivābhāvo nirvāṇaṃ yujyate, tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi bhāvo nāma kaścit syāt, tadā tatpratiṣedhena naiva bhāvo nirvāṇamityeṣā kalpanā, yadi kaścidabhāvaḥ syāt, tadā tatpratiṣedhena naivābhāvo nirvāṇaṃ syāt | yadā ca bhāvābhāvāveva na staḥ, tadā tatpratiṣedho 'pi nāstīti | tasmānnaiva bhāvo naivābhāvo nirvāṇamiti yā kalpanā, sāpi nopapadyata eva | iti na yuktametat || 15 ||

kiṃ cānyat-

yadi etannirvāṇaṃ naivābhāvarūpaṃ naiva bhāvarūpamastīti kalpyate, kena tadānīṃ taditthaṃvidhaṃ nobhayarūpaṃ nirvāṇamastīti ajyate gṛhyate prakāśate vā? kiṃ tatra nirvāṇe kaścidevaṃvidhaḥ pratipattāsti, atha nāsti? yadi asti, evaṃ sati nirvāṇe 'pi tavātmā syāt | na ceṣṭam, nirupādānasyātmano 'stitvābhāvāt | atha nāsti, kenaitaditthaṃvidhaṃ nirvāṇamastīti paricchidyate? saṃsārāvasthitaḥ paricchinattīti cet, yadi saṃsārāvasthitaḥ paricchinatti, sa kiṃ vijñānena paricchinatti, utta jñānena? yadi vijñāneneti parikalpyate, tanna yujyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? (Pp_234) yasmānnimittālambanaṃ vijñānam, na ca nirvāṇe kiṃcinnimittamasti, tasmānna tattāvadvijñānenālambyate | jñānenāpi na jñāyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmād jñānena hi śūnyatālambanena bhavitavyam, tacca anutpādarūpameveti, kathaṃ tenāvidyamānasvarūpeṇa naivābhāvo naiva bhāvo nirvāṇamiti gṛhyate, sarvaprapañcātītarūpatvād jñānasyeti | tasmānna kenacinnirvāṇaṃ naivābhāvo naiva bhāva ityajyate | anajyamānamaprakāśyamānamagṛhyamāṇaṃ tadevamastīti na yujyate || 16 ||

sarvathā yathā ca nirvāṇe etāścatasraḥ kalpanā na saṃbhavanti, evaṃ nirvāṇādhigantaryapi tathāgate etāḥ kalpanā naiva saṃbhavantīti pratipādayannāha-

uktaṃ hi pūrvam-

ghanagrāhagṛhītastu yenāstīti tathāgataḥ | nāstīti vā kalpayan sa nirvṛtasya vikalpayet |

evaṃ tāvat paraṃ nirodhādbhavati tathāgato na bhavati ceti nohyate | etaddvayasyābhāvādubhayamityapi nohyate | ubhayasyābhāvādeva nobhayamiti nohyate na gṛhyate || 17|

na ca kevalaṃ paraṃ nirodhāccaturbhiḥ prakārairbhagavānnohyate, api ca-

ata eva-

yasmāttiṣṭhannapi bhagavān bhavatītyevamādinā nohyate, parinirvṛto 'pi nohyate bhavatītyevamādinā, ata eva saṃsāranirvāṇayoḥ parasparato nāsti kaścidviśeṣaḥ, vicāryamāṇayostulyarūpatvāt | yaccāpīdamuktaṃ bhagavatā- anavarāgro hi bhikṣavo jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāra iti, tadapi ata evopapannam, saṃsāranirvāṇayorviśeṣasyābhāvāt || 19 ||

tathāhi-

na ca kevalaṃ saṃsārasya nirvāṇenāviśiṣṭatvāt pūrvāparakoṭikalpanā na saṃbhavati, yā apyetāḥ-

tā api ata eva nopapadyante, saṃsāranirvāṇayorubhayorapi prakṛtiśāntatvenaikarasatvāt ||

tatra paraṃ nirodhādityanenopalakṣaṇena catasro dṛṣṭayaḥ parigṛhyante | tadyathā- bhavati tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāt, na bhavati tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāta, bhavati ca na bhavati ca tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāt, naiva bhavati na na bhavati tathāgataḥ paraṃ maraṇāditi | etāścatasro dṛṣṭayo nirvāṇaparāmarśena pravṛttāḥ ||

antādyā api dṛṣṭayaḥ | tadyathā- antavān lokaḥ, anantavāṃśca, antavāṃścānantavāṃśca, naivāntavān nānantavān lokaḥ iti | etāścatasro dṛṣṭayo 'parāntaṃ samāśritya pravṛttāḥ | tatra ātmano lokasya vā anāgatamutpādamapaśyan antavān loka ityevaṃ kalpayan aparāntamālambya pravartate| evamanāgatamutpādaṃ paśyan anantavān loka ioti pravartate| paśyaṃśca apaśyaṃśca ubhayathā prātipadyate| dvayapratiṣedhena naivāntavān nānantavāniti pratipadyate | śāśvato lokaḥ, aśāśvato lokaḥ, śāśvataścāśāśvataśca, naivaśāśvato naivāśāśvāto lokaḥ, ityetāścatasro dṛṣṭayaḥ pūrvāntaṃ samāśritya pravartante| tatra ātmano lokasya vā atītamutpādaṃ paśyan śāśvato loka iti pratipadyate, apaśyannaśāśvata iti pratipadyate, paśyaṃśca apaśyaṃśca śāśvataścāśāśvataśceti pratipadyate, naiva paśyannaivāpaśyan naivaśāśvato nāśāśvataśceti pratipadyate pūrvāntamāaśritya | tāścaitā dṛṣṭayaḥ kathaṃ yujyante? yadi kasyacitpadārthasya kaścit svabhāvo bhavet, tasya bhāvābhāvakalpanāt syuretā dṛṣṭayaḥ | yadā tu saṃsāranirvāṇayoraviśeṣaḥ pratipāditaḥ, tadā-

caturdaśāpyetāni avyākṛtavastūni asati bhāvasvarūpe naiva yujyante| yastu bhāvasvarūpamadhyāropya tadvigamāvigamataḥ etā dṛṣṭīrutpādya abhiniviśate, tasyāyamabhiniveśo nirvāṇapuragāminaṃ panthānaṃ niruṇaddhi, sāṃsārikeṣu ca duḥkheṣu niyojayatīti vijñeyam || 23 ||

atrāha- yadi evaṃ bhavatā nirvāṇamapi pratiṣiddham, nanu ca ya eṣa bhavagatā anantacaritasattvarāśyanuvartakena viditāviparītasakalajagadāśayasvabhāvena mahākarūṇāparatantreṇa priyaikaputra kapremānugatāśeṣatribhuvanajanena caritapratipakṣānurūpo dharmo deśito lokasya nirvāṇādhigamārtham, (Pp_236) sa evaṃ sati vyartha eva jāyate| ucyate- yadi kaściddharmo nāma svabhāvarūpataḥ syāt, kecicca sattvāstasya dharmasya śrotāraḥ syuḥ, kaścidvā deśitā buddho bhagavānnāma bhāvasvabhāvaḥ syāt, syādetadevam | yadā tu-

tadā kuto 'smākaṃ yathoktadoṣaprasaṅgaḥ? iha hi sarveṣāṃ prapañcānāṃ nimittānāṃ ya upaśamo 'pravṛttistannirvāṇam | sa eva copaśamaḥ prakṛtyaivopaśāntatvācchivaḥ | vācāmapravṛttervā prapañcopaśamaścittasyāpravṛtteḥ śivaḥ | kleśānāmapravṛttyā vā janmano 'pravṛttyā śivaḥ | kleśaprahāṇena vā prapañcopaśamo niravaśeṣavāsanāprahāṇe śivaḥ | jñeyānupalabdhyā vā prapañcopaśamo jñānānupalabdhyā śivaḥ | yadā caivaṃ buddhā bhagavantaḥ sarvaprapañcopaśāntarūpe nirvāṇe śive 'sthānayogena nabhasīva haṃsarājāḥ sthitāḥ svapuṇyajñānasaṃbhārapakṣapātavāte vātagagane vā gaganasyākiṃcanatvāt, tadā sarvanimittānupalambhānna kvaciddeveṣu vā manuṣyeṣu vā na kasyaciddevasya vā manuṣyasya vā na kaściddharmaḥ sāṃkleśiko vā vaiyavadāniko vā deśita iti vijñeyam | yathoktamāryatathāgataguhyasūtre- "yāṃ ca rātriṃ śāntamate tathāgato 'nuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhimabhisaṃbuddhaḥ, yāṃ ca rātrimanupādāya parinirvāsyati, atrāntare tathāgatenaikamapyakṣaraṃ nodāhṛtaṃ na vyāhṛtaṃ nāpi pravyāharati nāpi pravyāhariṣyati | atha ca yathādhimuktāḥ sarvasattvā nānādhātvāśayāstāṃ tāṃ vividhāṃ tathāgatavācaṃ niścarantīṃ saṃjānanti | teṣāmevaṃ pṛthak pṛthagbhavati- ayaṃ bhagavānasmabhyamimaṃ dharmaṃ deśayati, vayaṃ ca tathāgatasya dharmadeśanāṃ śṛṇumaḥ | tatra tathāgato na kalpayati na vikalpayati | sarvakalpavikalpajālavāsanāprapañcavigato hi śāntamate tathāgataḥ" | iti vistaraḥ ||

tathā-

yadi tarhyevaṃ na kvacitkasyacitkaściddharmo buddhena deśitaḥ, tatkathamime ete vicitrāḥ pravacanavyavahārāḥ prajñāyante? ucyate | avidyānidrānugatānāṃ dehināṃ svapnāyamānānāmiva svavikalpābhyudaya eṣaḥ- ayaṃ bhagavān sakalatribhuvanasurāsuranaranāthaḥ imaṃ dharmamasmabhyaṃ deśayatīti | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā-

tathāgato hi pratibimbabhūtaḥ kuśalasya dharmasya anāsravasya | naivātra tathatā na tathāgato 'sti bimbaṃ ca saṃdṛśyati sarvaloke || iti |

etacca tathāgatavāgguhyaparivarte vistareṇa vyākhyātam | tataśca nirvāṇārthaṃ dharmadeśanāyā abhāvāt kuto dharmadeśanāyāḥ sadbhāvena nirvāṇasyāstitvaṃ bhaviṣyati? tasmānnirvāṇamapi nāstīti siddham | uktaṃ ca bhagavatā-

anirvāṇaṃ hi nirvāṇaṃ lokanāthena deśitam | ākāśena kṛto granthirākāśenaiva mocitaḥ || iti |

tathā- na teṣāṃ bhagavan saṃsārasamatikramo ye nirvāṇaṃ bhāvataḥ paryeṣante | tatkasya hetoḥ? nirvāṇamiti bhagavan yaḥ praśamaḥ sarvanimittānāmuparatiḥ sarveñjitasamiñjitānām | tadime bhagavan mohapuruṣā ye svākhyāte dharmavinaye pravrajya tīrthikadṛṣṭau nipatitā nirvāṇaṃ bhāvataḥ paryeṣante tadyathā tilebhyastailaṃ kṣīrātsarpiḥ | atyantaparinirvṛteṣu bhagavan sarvadharmeṣu ye nirvāṇaṃ mārganti tānahamābhimānikān tīrthikāniti vadāmi | na bhagavan yogācāraḥ samyak pratipannaḥ kasyaciddharmasyotpādaṃ vā nirodhaṃ vā karoti, nāpi kasyaciddharmasya prāptimicchati nābhisamayamiti vistaraḥ ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau nirvāṇaparīkṣā nāma pañcaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

26 dvādaśāṅgaparīkṣā ṣaḍviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha- yaduktam-

kaḥ punarasau pratītyasamutpādaḥ, yaḥ śūnyatetyucyate?

athavā | yadetaduktam-

tatkatamo 'sau pratītyasamutpādaḥ iti? atastadaṅgaprabhedavivakṣayedamucyate-

tatra avidyā ajñānaṃ tamo yathābhūtārthapracchādakaṃ stimitatā | avidyayā nivṛtaḥ chāditaḥ pudgalaḥ punarbhavāya punarbhavārthaṃ punarbhavotpattyarthamabhisaṃskaroti utpādayati yān kuśalādicetanāviśeṣāṃste punarbhavābhisaṃskārāt saṃskārāḥ | te ca trividhāḥ- kuśalā akuśalā ānejyāśca, yadi vā- kāyikā vācikā mānasāśceti | tāṃstrividhān karmalakṣaṇān saṃskārānavidyānivṛtaḥ pudgalaḥ karoti | taiśca saṃskārairabhisaṃskṛtaiḥ karmabhiḥ karmasaṃjñitaiḥ taddhetukāṃ gatiṃ gacchati || 1 ||

tato 'sya-

vijñānaṃ saṃniviśate saṃskārapratyayaṃ gatau |

kṛtopacitasaṃskārasyāsya pudgalasya saṃskārānurūpāyāṃ gatau devādikāyāṃ saṃskārahetukaṃ vijñānaṃ saṃniviśate praviśati upapadyate saṃsārānarthabījabhūtam | tata uttarakālam-

tatra karmakleśāviddhaṃ tasmiṃstasminnupapattyāyatane nāmayatīti nāma, saṃjñāvaśena vā artheṣu nāmayatīti nāma |

catvāro 'rūpiṇaḥ skandhā nāmeti vyapadiśyate |

rūpyata iti rūpam | bādhyata ityarthaḥ | idaṃ ca rūpaṃ pūrvakaṃ ca nāma, ubhayametadabhisaṃkṣipya nāmarūpamiti vyavasthāpyate | tatra bimbapratibimbanyāyena svādhyāyadīpamudrāpratimudrādinyāyena vā māraṇāntikeṣu skandheṣu nirudhyamāneṣu ekasminneva kṣaṇe tulādaṇḍanāmonnāmanyāyenaiva aupapattyāṃśikāḥ (Pp_239) skandhā yathākarmākṣepata upajāyante | evaṃ ca bimbapratibimbamudrāpratimudrānyāyena pratītyasamutpādaḥ sidhyati | tulādaṇḍanāmonnāmanyāyena tu yadvijñānaṃ saṃniviśate ityuktam, tad bālalokabodhānurodhena, samānakāla eva bhavapratisaṃdhiriti |

tathā samānena samānakālaṃ lokasya duḥkhaṃ ca sukhodayaṃ ca | hartuṃ ca kartuṃ ca sadāstu śaktistamaḥ prakāśaṃ ca yathaiva bhānoḥ || iti |

na tu punaḥ pratītyasamutpādasvarūpavicakṣaṇānāmevaṃ vaktuṃ yujyate sāhacaryāditvamekakṣaṇe tulādaṇḍanāmonnāmadṛṣṭānteneti |

ityādivacanāt | yathā bimbapratibimbamudrāpratimudrādinyāyena kṣaṇikatvaṃ neṣyate bhavadbhiḥ, tathā anyasyāpi bhāvasya utpādasamanantaradhvaṃsinaḥ kṣaṇikatvaṃ na yuktam | yataḥ jātijarāsthityanityatākhyāni catvāri saṃskṛtalakṣaṇāni utpadyamānasya bhāvasya bāhyasya ādhyātmikasya vā ekasminneva kṣaṇe bhavantītyabhidharmapāṭhaḥ | tatra jātijarayoḥ parasparavirodhāt sthityanityatayośca ekasminneva bhāve na yugapatsaṃbhava iṣyate sadbhiḥ |

iti madhyamakasiddhāntapāṭhāt kṣaṇikapadārthāsiddherasiddhiravaseyā | na ca jātimaraṇayoḥ parasparabhinnalakṣaṇayoḥ ekasmin kṣaṇe saṃbhavo bhavet, saṃśayaniścayajñānayorālokāndhakārayorjñānājñānayorbījāṅkurayormaraṇabhavopapattibhavayorbhinnalakṣaṇayorityādivat | parasparanirapekṣayoreva svahetupratyayasiddhayoḥ sahabhāvo yujyate savyetaragoviṣāṇayoryuvatistanayornarakarṇayorityādivat, na tu punaḥ kadācidapi parasparaviruddhayorvināśotpādayoḥ | yathoktaṃ rāgaraktaparīkṣāyām-

iti pratiṣedhāt kutaḥ samānakālatā bhāvānāṃ maraṇabhavopapattibhavayoriti? ataḥ sahabhāvo vineyajanabodhānurodhapravṛtta eveti lakṣyate | tena naikasminneva kṣaṇe nāmonnāmau tulāyāḥ saṃbhavataḥ nāmonnāmayoḥ kālabhedāt | balavatpuruṣācchaṭāmātreṇa pañcaṣaṣṭiḥ kṣaṇā atikrāmantīti pāṭhāt, utpalapatraśatasahasravedhavat sūcyagreṇeti | tathāpi atra utpalapatraśatasahasravedhaḥ sūcyagreṇa kramaśo vedho 'vaseyaḥ kṣaṇānāmatisūkṣmatvāt | ekakṣaṇena ślokākṣarapadodāharaṇavat ||

kiṃ ca-

yaḥ pratītyasamutpādaṃ prapañcopaśamaṃ śivam |

iti pāṭhādutpādanirodhayorasaṃbhava eva pratipāditaḥ śāstre madhyamake | āgamasūtreṣu-

trīṣu adhvasu sattvānāṃ prakṛtiṃ nopalambhati | sattvadhātuṃ ca deśeti eṣā lokānuvartanā || ityādi |

tathā-

evaṃ dharmān vīkṣamāṇo bhikṣurārabdhavīryavān | divā vā yadi vā rātrau saṃprajānan pratismṛtaḥ | pratividhyetpadaṃ śāntaṃ saṃskāropaśamaṃ śivam || iti |

etāśca gāthāḥ sarvanikāyaśāstrasūtreṣu paṭhayante | ataḥ phenapiṇḍādīnāṃ hetupratyayasāmagrīṃ prāpya pratītya samutpannānāṃ sāravastuvigatānāṃ kutaḥ kṣaṇikākṣaṇikacinteti? mahāyānasūtreṣu ca-

supinopamā bhavagatī sakalā na hi kaści jāyati na co mriyate | Note: Pp_241 na ca karma naśyati kadāci kṛtaṃ phalu deti kṛṣṇaśubha saṃsarato ||

ata evoktamācāryanāgārjunapādaiḥ-

svādhyāyadīpamudrādarpaṇaghoṣārkakāntabījāmlaiḥ | skandhapratisaṃdhirasaṃkramaśca vidvadbhirupadhāryau || iti |

śatakaśāstre ca āryadevapādairmahābodhicaryāsthiraprasthānasthitaiḥ-

tadevaṃ bimbapratibimbādinyāyena mātuḥ kukṣau vijñāne saṃmūrcchite vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpaṃ niṣicyate, kṣarati prādurbhavatītyarthaḥ | yadi iha gatau vijñānaṃ na saṃmūrchitaṃ syāt, tadā nāmarūpaprādurbhāvo na syāt |

sacedānanda vijñānaṃ mātuḥ kukṣiṃ nāvakrāmeta, na tat kalalaṃ kalalatvāya saṃvarteta | iti vacanāt || 2 ||

tadevam-

niṣikte nāmarūpe tu ṣaḍāyatanasaṃbhavaḥ |

duḥkhotpattyā āyadvārabhāvena darśanaśravaṇaghrāṇarasasparśamanaākhyaṃ ṣaḍāyatanaṃ nāmarūpahetukamupajāyate | sa cakṣuṣā rūpāṇi dṛṣṭvā saumanasyasthānīyānyabhiniviśate, abhiniviṣṭaḥ san rāgajaṃ dvevajaṃ mohajaṃ karma karotītyādinā duḥkhotpattāvāyadvāratvaṃ ṣaṇṇāmāyatanānām | tadevaṃ saṃbhūte ṣaḍāyatane uttarakālam-

kaḥ punarayaṃ saṃsparśaḥ, kathaṃ vā saṃpravartate iti pratipādayannāha-

saṃnipātasrayāṇāṃ yo rūpavijñānacakṣuṣām | sparśaḥ saḥ

cakṣurindriyaṃ pratītya rūpāṇi ca samanvāhāraṃ ca pratītya manaskāraṃ viṣayādivilakṣaṇaṃ samanantarapratyayaṃ vijñānabījabhūtaṃ cakṣurvijñānamutpadyate | tatra cakṣuśca rūpāyatanaṃ ca rūpam | samanvāhāraścatuḥskandhalakṣaṇaṃ nāma | tadetattrayaṃ pratītyotpadyamānaṃ cakṣurvijñānaṃ nāmarūpaṃ pratītyotpadyate | tadevameṣāmindriyaviṣayavijñānānāṃ trayāṇāṃ yaḥ saṃnipātaḥ sahotpādaḥ anyonyopakāreṇa tulyaṃ yā pravṛttiḥ, sa spṛṣṭilakṣaṇaḥ sparśaḥ | tata uttarakālam-

iṣṭāniṣṭobhayaviparītaviṣayānubhūtirviṣayānubhavo vedanaṃ vittirvedanetyucyate | duḥkhā sukhā aduḥkhāsukhā ca trividhā | yathā caiṣāṃ rūpavijñānacakṣuṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ saṃnipātalakṣaṇaṃ sparśamāgamya (Pp_243) vedanā uktā, evaṃ śeṣendriyaviṣayavijñānatrayasaṃnipātalakṣaṇasparśahetukā vedanā vyākhyeyā || 5 ||

tata uttarakālam-

vedanāpratyayā tṛṣṇā

saṃpravartate iti vartate | vedanā pratyayo yasyāstṛṣṇāyāḥ sā vedanāpratyayā | kiṃviṣayā punaḥ sā tṛṣṇā? vedanāviṣayaiva | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmādasau tṛṣṇāluḥ

vedanārthaṃ hi tṛṣyate |

vedanānimittameva abhilāṣaṃ karotītyarthaḥ | kathaṃ kṛtvā? yadi tāvat sukhā vedanā asyopajāyate, sa tasyāḥ punaḥ punaḥ saṃyogārthaṃ paritṛṣyate | atha duḥkhā, tadā tasyā visaṃyogārthaṃ paritṛṣyate | atha aduḥkhāsukhā, tasyā api nityamaparibhraṃśārthaṃ paritṛṣyate | sa evam-

sa evaṃ vedanāsvabhiniviṣṭaḥ saktaḥ tṛṣṇāpratyayaṃ kāmadṛṣṭiśīlavratātmavādopādānākhyaṃ caturvidhaṃ karmākṣepakāraṇaṃ parigṛhṇāti | tadevamasya tṛṣṇāpratyayamupādānaṃ bhavati || 6 ||

tata uttarakālam-

pañca skandhāḥ sa ca bhavaḥ

caturvidhasya yathoktasya upādānasya upādātā grahītā utpādayitā | tasya upādātuḥ upādānapratyayo bhavaḥ upajāyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt, yo hi anutpāditavedanātṛṣṇaḥ pratisaṃkhyānabalena tṛṣṇāmasvīkurvan, caturvidhamupādānaṃ pravihāya upādātā amalādvayajñānasaṃmukhībhāvāt syāddhi yadyanupādāno mucyeta saḥ | tadānīṃ tasya na bhavedbhavaḥ ||

kaḥ punarayaṃ bhavaḥ? pañca skandhāḥ sa ca bhavaḥ | yaḥ upādānāt pravartate, sa pañcaskandha svabhāvo veditavyaḥ | trividhamapi kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ mānasikaṃ ca karma bhavatyasmādanāgataṃ skandha pañcakaṃ bhavaḥ iti vyapadiśyate | tatra kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ karma rūpaskandhasvabhāvaṃ karmavijñaptitvāt | mānasaṃ tu catuḥskandhasvabhāvamiti | evaṃ sa bhavaḥ pañca skandhā iti vijñeyam | tasmāt-

bhavājjātiḥ pravartate |

anāgataskandhotpādo jātiḥ | sā ca bhavāt pravartate | tata uttarakālam-

daurmanasyamupāyāsā jāteretatpravartate |

jātihetukā ete jarāmaraṇādayaḥ pravartante | eṣāṃ ca yathāsūtrameva vyākhyānaṃ veditavyam | tatra skandhaparipāko jarā | jīrṇasya skandhabhedo maraṇam | mriyamāṇasya vigacchataḥ saṃmūḍhasya sāmiṣaṅgo hṛdayasaṃtāpaḥ śokaḥ | śokasamutthito vākpralāpaḥ paridevaḥ | pañcendriyāsātanipāto (Pp_244) duḥkham | manoniṣṭanipāto daurmanasyam | duḥkhadaurmanasyabahutvasaṃbhūtā upāyāsāḥ | iti | tadevaṃ yathopavarṇitena nyāyena

kevalasyeti ātmātmīyasvabhāvavigatasya bālapṛthagjanaparikalpitamātrasya | duḥkhātmakasya sukhāvyāmiśrasyaivetyarthaḥ | evamiti hetupratyayamātrabalenaivetyarthaḥ | duḥkhaskandhasyeti duḥkhasamudāyasya duḥkhasamūhasya duḥkharāśerityarthaḥ || 9 ||

yataścaivaṃ yathopavarṇitādavidyādikādeva bhavāṅgānāṃ pravṛttiḥ, ataḥ-

tatra saṃsārasya vijñānādipravṛttilakṣaṇasya mūlaṃ pradhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ saṃskārāḥ | tataśca saṃsāramūlān saṃskārānavidvān saṃskaroti ||

avidyānugato yaḥ pudgalo bhikṣavaḥ puṇyānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti, apuṇyānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti, āneñjyānapi saṃskārānabhisaṃskaroti ||

iti bhagavadvacanāt | yataścaivamavidvān kārakaḥ, tasmādavidvāneva pudgalaḥ kārako bhavati saṃskārāṇām, na vidvāṃstattvadarśī prahīṇāvidyaḥ | kiṃ kāraṇam? tattvadarśanāt tattvadarśane hi sarvapadārthanāmevānupalambhāt nāsti kiṃcid yadālambya karma kuryāditi || 10 ||

yataścaivamavidyāyāmeva satyāṃ saṃskārāḥ pravartante, asatyāṃ na pravartante, ataḥ-

avidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ saṃskārāṇāmasaṃbhavaḥ |

hetuvaiyarthyāt | tasyāḥ punaravidyāyāḥ kuto nirodhaḥ ityāha-

asyaiva pratītyasamutpādasya yathāvadaviparītabhāvanātaḥ avidyā prahīyate | yo hi pratītyasamutpādaṃ samyak paśyati, sa sūkṣmasyāpi bhāvasya na svarūpamupalabhate | pratibimbasvaprālātacakramudgādivattu svabhāvaśūnyatāṃ sarveṣāṃ bhāvānāmavatarati | sa eva svabhāvaśūnyatāṃ sarveṣāṃ bhāvānāmavatīrṇo na kiṃcidvastu upalabhate bāhyamādhyātmikaṃ vā | so 'nupalabhamāno na kvaciddharme muhyati, amūḍhaśca karma na karotīti | evaṃ pratītyasamutpādabhāvanayā tattvamavatarati |tattvadarśinoyogino niyatameva avidyā prahīyate | prahīṇāvidyasya saṃskārā nirudhyante || 11 ||

yathā caivamavidyānirodhāt saṃskārā nirudhyante, evam-

pūrvasya pūrvasya aṅgasya nirodhena utarasyottarasya aṅgasya nirodho bhavatīti vijñeyam | anayā cānupūrvyā ayaṃ yogī ātmātmīyādyadarśanāyāsanirastaḥ kārakavedakavirahitaṃ bhāvasvabhāvaśūnyaṃ duḥkharāśiṃ punaranutpattyā samyaṅnirodhayati | yathoktamāryaśālistambasūtre-

evamādhyātmiko 'pi pratītyasamutpādo dvābhyāmeva kāraṇābhyāmutpadyate | katamābhyāṃ dvābhyām? hetūpanibandhataḥ pratyayopanibandhataśca | tatrādhyātmikasya pratītyasamutpādasya hetūpanibandhaḥ katamaḥ? yadidamavidyāpratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ, saṃskārapratyayaṃ vijñānam, vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpam, nāmarūpapratyayaṃ ṣaḍāyatanam, ṣaḍāyatanapratyayaḥ sparśaḥ, sparśapratyayā vedanā, vedanāpratyayā tṛṣṇā, tṛṣṇāpratyayamupādānam, upādānapratyayo bhavaḥ, bhavapratyayā jātiḥ, jātipratyayā jarāmaraṇaśokaparidevaduḥkhadaurmanasyopāyāsāḥ saṃbhavanti | evamasya kevalasya mahato duḥkhaskandhasya samudayo bhavati | avidyā cennābhaviṣyannaiva saṃskārāḥ prajñāsyante | evaṃ yāvajjātiścennābhaviṣyajjarāmaraṇaṃ na prajñāsyate | athavā, satyāmavidyāyāṃ saṃskārāṇāmabhinirvṛttirbhavati | evaṃ yāvajjātyāṃ satyāṃ jarāmaraṇasyābhinirvṛttirbhavati | atrāvidyāyā naivaṃ bhavati ahaṃ saṃskārānabhinirvartayāmīti | saṃskārāṇāmapi naivaṃ bhavati vayamavidyayābhinirvartitā iti | evaṃ yāvajjāterapi naivaṃ bhavati ahaṃ jarāmaraṇamabhinirvartayāmīti | jarāmaraṇasyāpi naivaṃ bhavatyahaṃ jātyābhinirvartitamiti | atha ca satyāmavidyāyāṃ saṃskārāṇābhinirvṛtti rbhavati prādurbhāvaḥ | evaṃ yāvajjātyāṃ satyāṃ jarāmaraṇasyābhinirvṛttirbhavati prādurbhāvaḥ | evamādhyātmikasya pratītyasamutpādasya hetūpanibandho draṣṭavyaḥ ||

kathamādhyātmikasya pratītyasamutpādasya pratyayopanibandho draṣṭavya iti? ṣaṇṇāṃ dhātūnāṃ samavāyāt | katameṣāṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ dhātūnāṃ samavāyāt? yadidaṃ pṛthivyaptejovāyvākāśavijñānadhātūnāṃ samavāyādādhyātmikasya pratītyasamutpādasya pratyayopanibandho draṣṭavyaḥ | tatrādhyātmikasya pratītyasamutpādasya pṛthivīdhātuḥ katamaḥ? yaḥ kāyasya saṃśleṣātkaṭhinabhāvamabhinirvartayati, ayamucyate pṛthivīdhātuḥ | yaḥ kāyasyānuparigrahakṛtyaṃ karoti, ayamucyate 'bdhātuḥ | yaḥ kāyasyāśitabhakṣitaṃ paripācayati, ayamucyate tejodhātuḥ | yaḥ kāyasya āśvāsapraśvāsakṛtyaṃ karoti, ayamucyate vāyudhātuḥ | yaḥ kāyasyāntaḥ śauṣīryamabhinirvartayati, ayamucyate ākāśadhātuḥ | yo nāmarūpamabhinirvartayati naḍakalāpayogena pañcavijñānakāyasaṃyuktaṃ sāsravaṃ ca manovijñānam, ayamucyate bhikṣavo vijñānadhātuḥ | tatra asatāmeṣāṃ pratyayānāṃ kāyasyotpattirna bhavati | yadā tvādhyātmikaḥ pṛthivīdhāturavikalo bhavati, evamaptejovāyvākāśavijñānadhātavaścāvikalā bhavanti, tataḥ sarveṣāṃ samavāyātkāyasyotpattirbhavati | tatra pṛthivīdhātornaivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ kāyasya kaṭhinabhāvamabhinirvartayāmīti | abdhātornaivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ kāyasyānuparigrahakṛtyaṃ karomīti | tejodhātornaivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ kāyasyāśitapītakhāditaṃ paripācayāmīti | vāyudhātornaivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ kāyasyāśvāsapraśvāsakṛtyaṃ karomīti | ākāśadhātornaivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ kāyasyāntaḥśauṣīryamabhinirvartayāmīti | vijñānadhātornaivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ kāyasya nāmarūpamabhinirvartayāmīti | kāyasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati ahamemiḥ pratyayairjanita iti | atha ca punaḥ satāmeṣāṃ pratyayānāṃ samavāyātkāyasyotpatti rbhavati | tatra pṛthivīdhāturnātmā na sattvo na jīvo na janturna manujo na mānavo na strī na pumān na napuṃsakaṃ na cāhaṃ na mama na cānyasya kasyacit | evamabdhātustejodhāturvāyudhāturākāśadhāturvijñānadhāturnātmā (Pp_246) na sattvo na jīvo na janturna manujo na mānavo na strī na pumān na napuṃsakaṃ na cāhaṃ na mama na cānyasya kasyacit ||

tatra avidyā katamā? yā eṣāmevaṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ dhātūnāyamaiksaṃjñā piṇḍasaṃjñā nityasaṃjñā dhruvasaṃjñā śāśvatasaṃjñā sukhasaṃjñā ātmasaṃjñā sattvasaṃjñā jīvapudgalamanujamānavasaṃjñā ahaṃkārasaṃjñā mamakārasaṃjñā evamādi vividhamajñānam | iyamucyate 'vidyeti | evamavidyāyāṃ satyāṃ viṣayeṣu rāgadveṣamohāḥ pravartante | tatra ye rāgadveṣamohā viṣayeṣu, amī saṃskārā ityucyante | vastuprativijñaptirvijñānam | vijñānasahabhuvaścatvāraḥ skandhā arūpiṇaḥ upādānākhyāḥ, tannāmarūpaṃ catvāri mahābhūtāni, tāni copādāya rūpam | tacca nāma rūpam | aikadhyamabhisaṃkṣipya tannāmarūpam | nāmarūpasaṃniśritānīndriyāṇi ṣaḍāyatanam | trayāṇāṃ dharmāṇāṃ saṃnipātaḥ sparśaḥ | sparśānubhavo vedanā | vedanādhyavasānaṃ tṛṣṇā | tṛṣṇāvaipulyamuipādānam | upādānanirjātaṃ punarbhavajanakaṃ karma bhavaḥ | bhavahetukaḥ skandhaprādurbhāvo jātiḥ | jātasya skandhasya paripāko jarā | jīrṇasya skandhasya vināśo maraṇam | mriyamāṇasya saṃmūḍhasya sābhiṣvaṅgasyāntardāhaḥ śokaḥ | śokotthamālapanaṃ paridevaḥ | pañcavijñānakāyasaṃyuktamasātamanubhavanaṃ duḥkham | manasā saṃyuktaṃ mānasaṃ duḥkhaṃ dārmanasyam | ye cāpyanye evamādaya upakleśāste upāyāsā iti ||

tatra mohāndhakārārthenāvidyā | abhisaṃskārārthena saṃskārāḥ | vijñāpanārthena vijñānam | anyonyopastambhanārthena nāmarūpam | āyadvārārthena ṣaḍāyatanam | sparśanārthena sparśaḥ | anubhavanārthena vedanā | paritarṣaṇārthena tṛṣṇā | upādānārthenopādānam | punarbhavārthena bhavaḥ | janmārthena jātiḥ | paripākārthena jarā | vināśārthena maraṇam | śocanārthena śokaḥ | paridevanārthena paridevaḥ kāyaparipīḍanārthena duḥkham | cittasaṃpīḍanārthena daurmanasyam | upakleśārthenopāyāsāḥ ||

athavā tattve 'pratipattirmithyāpratipattirajñānamavidyā | evamavidyāyāṃ satyāṃ trividhāḥ saṃskārā abhinirvartante puṇyopagā apuṇyopagā āneñjyopagāḥ | tatra puṇyopagānāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ puṇyopagameva vijñānaṃ bhavati | apuṇyopagānāṃ saṃskārāṇāmapuṇyopagameva vijñānaṃ bhavati | āneñjyopagānāṃ saṃskārāṇāmāneñjyopagameva vijñānaṃ bhavati | idamucyate vijñānam | vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpamiti vedanādayo 'rūpiṇaścatvāraḥ skandhāstatra tatra bhave nāmayantīti nāma | saharūpaskandhena ca nāma rūpaṃ ceti nāmarūpamucyate | nāmarūpavivṛddhayā ṣaḍbhirāyatanadvāraiḥ kṛtyakriyāḥ pravartante prajñāyante, tannāmarūpapratyayaṃ ṣaḍāyatanamityucyate | ṣaḍbhyaścāyataṃebhyaḥ ṣaṭ sparśakāyāḥ pravartante, ayaṃ ṣaḍāyatanapratyayaḥ sparśa ityucyate | yajjātīyaḥ sparśo bhavati tajjātīyā vedanā pravartate | iyamucyate bhikṣavaḥ sparśapratyayā vedaneti | yastāṃ vedanāṃ viśeṣeṇāsvādayati abhinandati adhyavasyati adhyavasāya tiṣṭhati, sā vedanāpratyayā tṛṣṇetyucyate | āsvādanābhinandanādhyavasānasthānādātmapriyarūpasātarūpairviyogo mā bhūnnityamaparityāgo bhavediti yaivaṃ prārthanā idamucyate bhikṣavastṛṣṇāpratyayamupādānam | yatra vastuni satṛṣṇastasya vastuno 'rjanāya viṭhapanāyopādānamupādatte, tatra tatra prārthayate, evaṃ prārthayamānaḥ punarbhavajanakaṃ karma samutthāpayati kāyena vācā manasā ca, sa upādānapratyayo bhava ityucyate | (Pp_247) tatkarmanirjātānāṃ skandhānāmabhinirvṛtiryā sā bhavapratyayā jātirityucyate | jātyābhinirvṛttānāṃ skandhānāmupacayanaparipākādvināśo bhavati | tadidaṃ jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇamityucyate ||

evamayaṃ dvādaśāṅgaḥ pratītyasamutpādo 'nyonyahetuko 'nyonyapratyayo naivānityo naiva nityo na saṃskṛto nāsaṃskṛto nāhetuko nāpratyayo na vedayitā nāvedayitā na pratītyasamutpanno nāpratītyasamutpanno na kṣayadharmo nākṣayadharmo na vināśadharmo nāvināśadharmo na nirodhadharmo nānirodhadharmo 'nādikālapravṛtto 'nucchinno 'nupravartate nadīsrotavat ||

yadyapyayaṃ dvādaśāṅgaḥ pratītyasamutpādo 'nucchinno 'nupravartate nadīsrotavat, atha cemānyasya dvādaśāṅgasya pratītyasamutpādasya catvāryaṅgāni saṃghātakriyāyai hetutvena pravartante | katamāni catvāri? yaduta avidyā tṛṣṇā karma vijñānaṃ ca | tatra vijñānaṃ bījasvabhāvatvena hetuḥ | karma kṣetrasvabhāvatvena hetuḥ | avidyā tṛṣṇā ca kleśasvabhāvatvena hetuḥ | karmakleśā vijñānabījaṃ janayanti | tatra karma vijñānabījasya kṣetrakāryaṃ karoti | tṛṣṇā vijñānabījaṃ snehayati | avidyā vijñānabījamavakirati | asatāṃ teṣāṃ pratyayānāṃ vijñānabījasyabhinirvṛttirna bhavati | tatra karmaṇo naivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ vijñānabījasya kṣetrakāryaṃ karomīti | tṛṣṇāyā api naivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ vijñānasya snehakāryaṃ karomiti | avidyāyā api naivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ vijñānabījamavakirāmīti | vijñānabījasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati- ahamebhiḥ pratyayairjanitamiti ||

atha ca vijñānabījaṃ karmakṣetrapratiṣṭhitaṃ tṛṣṇāsnehābhiṣyanditamavidyayā svavakīrṇaṃ vibhajyamānaṃ virohati | tatratatropapattyāṃyatanapratisaṃdhau mātuḥ kukṣau nāmarūpāṅkuramabhinirvartayati | sa ca nāmarūpāṅkuro na svayaṃ kṛtoa na parakṛto nobhayakṛto neśvarakṛto na kālapariṇāmito na prakṛtisaṃbhūto na caikakāraṇādhīno nāpyahetusamutpannaḥ | atha ca mātāpitṛsaṃyogād, ṛtusamavāyād, anyeṣāṃ pratyayānāṃ samavāyād āsvādānuviddhaṃ vijñānabījaṃ mātuḥ kukṣau nāmarūpāṅkuramabhinirvartayati asvāmikeṣu dharmeṣvaparigraheṣvamameṣvākāśasameṣu māyālakṣaṇasvabhāveṣu hetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt ||

tadyathā pañcabhiḥ kāraṇaiścakṣurvijñānamutpadyate | katamaiḥ pañcabhiḥ? yaduta cakṣuḥ pratītya rūpaṃ cālokaṃ cākāśaṃ ca tajjamanasikāraṃ ca pratītyotpadyate cakṣurvijñānam | tatra cakṣurvijñānasya cakṣurāśrayakṛtyaṃ karoti | rūpamālambanakṛtyaṃ karoti | āloko 'vabhāsakṛtyaṃ karoti | ākāśamanāvaraṇakṛtyaṃ karoti | tajjamanasikāraḥ samanvāharaṇakṛtyaṃ karoti | asatāmeṣāṃ pratyayānāṃ cakṣurvijñānaṃ notpadyate | yadā tu cakṣurādhyātmikamāyatanamavikalaṃ bhavati, evaṃ rūpālokākāśatajjamanasikārāścāvikalā bhavanti, tataḥ sarveṣāṃ samavāyāccakṣurvijñānamutpadyate | tatra cakṣuṣo naivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ cakṣurvijñānasyāśrayakṛtyaṃ karomīti | ālokasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ cakṣurvijñānasyāvabhāsakṛtyaṃ karomīti | ākāśasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ cakṣurvijñānasyānāvaraṇakṛtyaṃ karomiti | tajjamanasikārasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati- ahaṃ cakṣurvijñānasya samanvāharaṇakṛtyaṃ karomīti | cakṣurvijñānasyāpi naivaṃ bhavati- ahamebhiḥ pratyayairjanitamiti | atha ca satāmeṣāṃ pratyayānāṃ samavāyāccakṣurvijñānasyotpattirbhavati | evaṃ śeṣāṇāmindriyāṇāṃ yathāyogaṃ karaṇīyam ||

tatra na kaściddharmo 'smāllokātparalokaṃ saṃkrāmati | asti ca karmaphalaprativijñaptirhetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt | tadyathā bhikṣavaḥ supariśuddhe ādarśamaṇḍale mukhapratibimbakaṃ dṛśyate, na ca tatrādarśamaṇḍale mukhaṃ saṃkrāmati, asti ca mukhaprativijñaptirhetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt, evamasmāllokānna kaściccyuto nāpyanyatropapannaḥ, asti ca karmaphalaprativijñaptirhetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt | tadyathā bhikṣavaścandramaṇḍalaṃ catvāriṃśadyojanaśatamūrdhvaṃ vrajati, atha ca punaḥ parītte 'pyudakabhājane candrasya pratibimbaṃ dṛśyate, na ca tasmātsthānādūrdhvaṃ nabhasaścyutaṃ parītte udakasya bhājane saṃkrāntaṃ bhavati asti ca candramaṇḍalaprativijñaptirhetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt | evamasmāllokānna kaściccyuto nānyatropapannaḥ, asti ca karmaphalaprativijñaptirhetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt ||

tadyathā- agnirupādānapratyaye sati jvalati, upādānavaikalyānna jvalati, evameva bhikṣavaḥ karmakleśajanitaṃ vijñānabījaṃ tatratatropapattyāyatanapratisaṃdhau mātuḥ kukṣau nāmarūpāṅkuramabhinirvartayati asvāmikeṣu dharmeṣvaparigraheṣu māyālakṣaṇasvabhāveṣu amameṣu kṛtrimeṣu hetupratyayānāmavaikalyāt ||

tatrādhyātmikaḥ pratītyasamutpādaḥ pañcabhiḥ kāraṇairdraṣṭavyaḥ | katamaiḥ pañcabhiḥ? na śāśvatato nocchedato na saṃkrāntitaḥ parīttahetuvipulaphalābhinirvṛttitastatsadṛśānuprabandhataśceti | kathaṃ na śāśvatataḥ? yasmādanye māraṇāntikāḥ skandhāḥ, anye aupapattyaṃśikāḥ skandhāḥ | na tu ya eva māraṇāntikāḥ skandhāsta evaupapattyaṃśikāḥ | api tu māraṇāntikāḥ skandhā nirudhyante, tasminneva ca samaye aupapattyaṃśikāḥ skandhāḥ prādurbhavanti | ato na śāśvatataḥ | kathaṃ nocchedataḥ? na ca pūrvaniruddheṣu māraṇāntikeṣu skandheṣu aupapattyaṃśikāḥ skandhāḥ prādurbhavanti nāpyaniruddheṣu | api tu māraṇāntikāḥ skandhā nirudhyante, tasminneva ca samaye aupapattyaṃśikāḥ skandhāḥ prādurbhavanti tulādaṇḍonnābhāvanāmavat candrabimbapratibimbavat | ato nocchedataḥ | kathaṃ na saṃkrāntitaḥ? visadṛśāḥ sattvanikāyāḥ sabhāgāyāṃ jātyāṃ jātimabhinirvartayanti | ato na saṃkrāntitaḥ | kathaṃ parīttahetuto vipulaphalābhinirvṛttitaḥ | parīttaṃ karma kriyate, vipulaḥ phalavipāko 'nubhūyate | ataḥ parīttahetuto vipulaphalābhinirvṛttitaḥ | kathaṃ tatsadṛśānuprabandhataḥ? yathāvedanīyaṃ karma kriyate, tathāvedanīyo vipāko 'nubhūyate | atastatsadṛśānuprabandhataśca | iti vistaraḥ ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau dvādaśāṅgaparīkṣā nāma ṣaḍviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam ||

27 dṛṣṭiparīkṣā saptaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

yaścaivaṃ pratītyasamutpādaṃ yathābhūtaṃ samyak paśyati, sa na pūrvāntaṃ pratisarati, nāparāntaṃ pratisarati,- ityādi sūtre paṭhayate, tatra katamaḥ pūrvāntaḥ, katamo 'parāntaḥ, kathaṃ na pratisaratīti? tadvayutpatyarthamidamārabhyate | tatra vartamānamātmabhāvamapekṣya atītā ātmabhāvāḥ pūrvānta ityucyate | pūrvo hi janmaparaṃparāṃśaḥ pūrvāntaḥ | taṃ na pratisarati, dṛṣṭiprakārairnālambate | pratītyasamutpādasya yathāvadavasthitatattvadarśanāt nānyathāvasthitaṃ vastu anyathā abhiniviśate | tatra aṣṭau dṛṣṭayaḥ pūrvāntamālambya anyathā pravṛttāḥ | tadyathā-

tatra itiśabdaḥ ādyarthaḥ | athavā dṛṣṭidvayopādānamupalakṣaṇārtham | catastrastvetā dṛṣṭayaḥ | tadyathā- kiṃ nvahamabhūvamatītamadhvānam, nābhūvamatītamadhvānam, abhūvaṃ ca nābhūvaṃ ca, naivābhūvaṃ na nābhūvam, iti | etāścatasro dṛṣṭayaḥ pūrvāntaṃ samāśritāḥ | aparā api catasra ityāha-

yāstāḥ śāśvatalokādyāḥ

pūrvaṃ prasaṅgena upavarṇitāḥ, tā api

pūrvāntaṃ samupāśritāḥ ||

tatra yadyapi pūrvāntād dṛṣṭicatuṣṭayāduttaraṃ dṛṣṭicatuṣṭayaṃ nātibhidyate, tathāpi tāvanmātraviśeṣamāśritya pṛthagupādīyate | tacca uttaratra vyākhyāsyāmaḥ | tatra śāśvato lokaḥ ityetat, abhūvamatītamadhvānam, ityetasmānnātibhidyate | athavā ayaṃ viśeṣaḥ- yacchāśvato lokaḥ ityeṣāṃ dṛṣṭiḥ sāmānyena pūrvāntamāśritā | abhūvamatītamadhvānam, ityeṣā tu ātmana eva pūrvāntaparāmarśena pravṛttā, na sāmānyeneti | evamanyāsvapi dṛṣṭiṣu viśeṣo vaktavyaḥ | ityevaṃ tāvat aṣṭāvetā dṛṣṭayaḥ pūrvāntaṃ samupāśritāḥ || 1 ||

uktaḥ pūrvāntastadālambikābhirdṛṣṭibhiḥ sārdham | idānīmaparānta ucyate | tatra vartamānamātmabhāvamapekṣya bhāvinaḥ ātmabhāvāḥ aparānta ityucyate | aparo hi janmaparaṃparāṃśo 'parāntaḥ, taṃ na pratisarati, dṛṣṭiprakārairnālambate | pratītyasamutpādasya yathāvadavasthitatattvadarśanāt, nānyathāvasthitaṃ vastu anyathābhiniviśate | tatra aṣṭau dṛṣṭayaḥ aparāntamālambya anyathā pravṛttāḥ | tadyathā-

ihāpi dṛṣṭidvayopādānamupalakṣaṇārtham | catastrastvetā dṛṣṭayaḥ | tadyathā- kiṃ nu bhaviṣyāmyanāgatamadhvānam, na bhaviṣyāmi, bhaviṣyāmi ca na bhaviṣyāmi ca, naiva (Pp_250) bhaviṣyāmi na ca na bhaviṣyāmyanāgatamadhvānam, ityetāścatasro dṛṣṭayaḥ aparāntaṃ samāśritāḥ | kimetā eva catasro dṛṣṭayaḥ aparāntaṃ samāśritāḥ? netyāha | kiṃ tarhi aparā api catasro vidyante antādyā aparāntaṃ samāśritāḥ | tatra antādyāścatasro dṛṣṭayaḥ sāmānyena aparāntamāaśritya pravṛttāḥ, kiṃ tu bhaviṣyāmyanāgatamadhvānamityetāstu ātmana evāparāntamāśritya pravṛttāḥ, ityevaṃ dṛṣṭicatuṣṭayasya viśeṣa iti boddhavyam || 2 ||

tatra ādyasya tāvat pūrvāntālambikasya dṛṣṭicatuṣṭayasya yathā na saṃbhavaḥ, tathā pratipādayannāha-

tatra ya eva atīteṣu janmasu babhūva, yadi sa evāyamadhunā syāt, tadā yuktamasya grahītum- abhūvamahamatītamadhvānamiti | na caitadevaṃ saṃbhavati nityatvaprasaṅgāt, nityasya ca saṃsaraṇānupapatteḥ, ekagatisthasyāpi nānāgatisaṃgṛhītatvaprasaṅgāt | iha hi pūrvaṃ yadi narakādigatiko bhūtvā idānīṃ karmavaicitryāt manuṣyeṣu upapannaḥ evaṃkalpayet- ahamevāsau nāraka āsam iti, tadasya na yuktam | kathaṃ hi nāma manuṣyaḥ san nārakādikaḥ syāt?

yattarhi idaṃ paṭhayate sūtre- ahameva sa tena kālena tena samayena māndhātā nāma rājā cakravartī abhūvam iti, tat kathaṃ veditavyamiti? anyatvapratiṣedhaparaṃ tadvacanaṃ naikatvapratipādakamiti vijñeyam | ata eva hi nānyaḥ sa tena kālena tena samayeneti paṭhayate | yadi punaḥ sa evāyamiti pūrvakasya cādhunātanasya ca ekatvaṃ syāt, ko doṣaḥ syāt? uktastāvadatra doṣaḥ- nityatvaṃ syāditi || 3 ||

tathāpi bhūya ucyate-

sa evātmeti tu bhavedupādānaṃ viśiṣyate |

yadi sa eva pūrvaka ātmāyamidānīṃ syāt, tadā upādānasya pañcaskandhalakṣaṇasya viśeṣo na syāt upādāturaviśeṣātpūrvāvasthāyāmiva | na caivamupādānāviśeṣo 'syātmanaḥ, kiṃ tarhi viśiṣyata eva upādānamupādātuḥ karmabhedāt kārakabhedācca | tataśca upādānaviśeṣāt sa evāyamātmeti na yujyate ||

atha manyase- viśiṣyatāmupādānam, ātmā tu eka eveti | ataḥ ātmano 'viśiṣṭatvādabhūmatītamadhvānamityetad bhaviṣyatyeva | ucyate-

yadi hi anyadupādānam, anyaścātmā syāt, tadā upādānaviśeṣe 'pi ātmano 'viśeṣāt syādetadevam | na caitad bhedena darśayituṃ śakyam- ayamasāvātmā, idamasyopādānamiti, (Pp_251) upādānaviśiṣṭasvabhāvatvādātmano 'hetukatvaprasaṅgāt, pṛthaggrahaṇaprasaṅgācca | yadā caivamupādānavinirmukta ātmā darśayituṃ na śakyate, tadā upādānaviśeṣe 'pi ātmāviśeṣa iti na śakyate kalpayitum || 4 ||

athāpi kaścit parikalpayet- satyam, upādānavinirmukta iti evaṃ na saṃbhavati, kimupādānameva ātmatvena parikalpyate iti? etadapi na yuktamiti pratipādayannāha-

yathā tāvadupādānamevātmā na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha-

tatra yadetat pañcopādānaskandhākhyamupādānam, tat pratikṣaṇamutpadyate ca vinaśyati ca | na caivamātmā pratikṣaṇamutpadyate ca vinaśyati ca | ātmā skandhebhyastattvānyatvādinā ca nityānityatvenāpyaśakya eva vaktum, anekadoṣaprasaṅgāt | nityatve hi ātmanaḥ śāśvatavādaḥ syāt, anityatve ca ucchedavādaprasaṅgaḥ | tataśca tadubhayaṃ śāśvatocchedākhyaṃ mahānarthakaramiti nopagantavyam | ataḥ upādānamevātmeti tāvanna yujyate ||

api ca-

kathaṃ hi nāmopādānamupādātā bhaviṣyati |

iha upādīyate ityupādānaṃ karma | tasya ca avaśyamupādātrā upārjakena bhavitavyam | tasya copādānasya yadi ātmatvamiṣyate, tatra upādānameva upādātā ityapi vidyate | tataśca kartṛkarmaṇoraikye sati chetṛcchettavyaghaṭakumbhakārāgnīndhanādīnāmapi aikyaṃ syāt | na caitad dṛṣṭaṃ yuktaṃ vā iti pratipādayannāha-

kathaṃ hi nāmopādānamupādātā bhaviṣyati | iti |

atrāha- satyamupādānamātramātmā na yujyate, kiṃ tarhi upādānavyatirikta eva ātmā bhaviṣyati | etadapi na yuktam | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt-

yadi upādānādātmā vyatiriktaḥ syāt, gṛhyeta sa upādānavyatiriktaḥ, ghaṭādiva paṭaḥ | na caivaṃ gṛhyate | tasmādupādānavyatirikto 'pi nāsti | anupādānaḥ upādānavyatirekeṇa agṛhyamāṇatvāt khapuṣpavat, ityabhiprāyaḥ || 7 ||

idānīṃ yathopapāditamarthaṃ nigamayannāha-

evaṃ nānya upādānānna copādānameva saḥ | ātmā nāstyanupādānaḥ

atha syāt- yadi ātmā upādānasvarūpo na bhavati, upādānopādātrorekatvaprasaṅgāt | udayavyayaprasaṅgācca | sa hi anyo 'pi na bhavati upādānamanapekṣya bhedena grahaṇaprasaṅgāt | na cāpyanupādānaḥ, upādānanirapekṣasya grahaṇaprasaṅgāt | evaṃ tarhi nāsti ātmetyastu | ucyate-

yo hi nāma skandhānupādāya prajñapyate, sa kathaṃ nāstīti syāt? na hi avidyamāno vandhyātanayaḥ skandhānupādāya prajñapyate | kathaṃ sati upādāne upādātā nāstīti yujyate | tasmānnāstitvamapyasya na yujyate | tasmānnāsti ātmeti niścayo 'pyeṣa nopapadyate | asya tvātmano vyavasthānaṃ vistareṇa madhyamakāvatārādavaseyam | ihāpi ca pūrvameva sthānasthāneṣu kṛtā vyavastheti na punariha tadvayavasthāne yatna āsthīyate || 8 ||

evaṃ tāvadabhūvamatītamadhvānamityeṣā kalpanā nopapadyate | idānīṃ nābhūvamatītamadhvānamityedapi yathā nopapadyate tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi pūrvakādātmanaḥ asya adhunātanasya ātmano 'nyatvaṃ syāt, tadānīṃ nābhūmatītamadhvānamiti syāt | na caitadevaṃ saṃbhavati | tasmānnābhūvamatītamadhvānamityetannopapadyate || 9 ||

yadi punaḥ pūrvakādātmanaḥ asya anyatvaṃ syāt, ko doṣa iti? ucyate-

yadi hi ayamadhunātana ātmā pūrvakādātmanaḥ anyaḥ syāt, tadā taṃ pūrvakamātmānaṃ pratyākhyāya parityajya tannirapekṣaḥ ataddhetuka eva syāt | kiṃ cānyat | tathaiva ca sa saṃtiṣṭhettatra yadi pūrvakādātmanaḥ asya anyatvaṃ syāt, tadā anyatvād ghaṭotpāde paṭāvināśavat pūrvasyātmanā uttarasminnapi ātmani samutpadyamāne 'pi anirodhaḥ syāt | aniruddhatvācca yatra pūrvaṃ devamanuṣyādijanmasu upapannaḥ, yena varṇasaṃsthānādinā pūrvamupalabhyamānaḥ, tenaiva prakāreṇa tathaiva sa tatrāvatiṣṭheta tathaivāvatiṣṭheteti | tasmānnābhūvamatītamadhvānamityetannopapadyate ||

atrāha- tatra yaduktam-

yadi hyayaṃ bhavedanyaḥ pratyākhyāyāpi taṃ bhavet | iti,

yadi puna pūrvakamātmānaṃ pratyākhyāya [ayamiha bhavet, ko doṣaḥ syāt? tatra doṣā bahavaḥ syuḥ | kathamiti cet, yasmādevaṃ sati-

yadi pūrvakamātmānaṃ pratyākhyāya ayamātmā bhavet, tadā] pūrvakasya ātmanaḥ tatra naṣṭatvād, iha ca anyasyaiva cotpādanātpūrvakasyātmana ucchedaḥ syāt | tasmiṃśca ātmani ucchinne karmaṇāmadattaphalānāmevāśrayavicchedena vicchedāt, bhoktaścābhāvānnāśa eva syāt | atha pūrvakenātmanā kṛtasya karmaṇaḥ uttareṇātmanā phalaparibhogaḥ parikalpyate, tathāpi anyena kṛtasya karmaṇaḥ phalasya anyenopabhogaḥ syāt | tataśca-

akṛtābhyāgamabhayaṃ syātkarmākṛtakaṃ yadi |

api ca | yadi ayamātmā pūrvakādātmanaḥ anya eva atropapannaḥ syāt, tadā pūrvamabhūtvā paścādutpanna iti syāt | na caitadyuktamiti pratipādayannāha-

iti | yadi hi ātmā pūrvamabhūtvā paścādutpannaḥ syāt, tadā kṛtaka eva ātmā syāt | na ca kṛtaka ātmeṣyate, anityatvaprasaṅgāt | vyatiriktasya ca tanniṣpādakasya karturabhāvāt kutaḥ kṛtakatvamātmano yojyeta? kṛtake cātmani parikalpyamāne ādimān saṃsāraḥ syādeva, apūrvasattvasya prādurbhāvaśca | na caitadevam | tasmānna kṛtaka ātmā | api ca | saṃbhūto vāpyahetukaḥ | abhūtvā prāgātmā samutpadyamāno nirhetuka evopapadyate | pūrvaṃ hi ātmā nāstīti akṛtako nirhetukaḥ syāt | vāśabdo vikalpe | kṛtako vā bhavedātmā yadi vā nābhūvamatītamadhvānamityetannābhyupeyam | saṃbhūto vāpyahetukaḥ, yadi vā-

nābhūmatītamadhvānamityetannopapadyate |

idānīṃ yathopavarṇitamevārthaṃ nigamayannāha-

evaṃ yathopavarṇitena nyāyena abhūmatītamadhvānamiti yā dṛṣṭiḥ, eṣāpi naivopapadyate | etaddvayasyābhāvācca ubhayamapi nopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmād dvayaṃ hyetatsamāhatamubhayamiti kalpyate | ekaikasya ca pṛthakpṛthagabhāvāt kutastatsamāhāra iti ubhayamapi na saṃbhavati | (Pp_254) ubhayasyābhāvāt kutastatpratiṣedhena nobhayaṃ bhaviṣyatīti? tasmānnaivābhūvaṃ na nābhūvamityetadapi nopapadyate || 13 ||

tadevaṃ pūrvāntaṃ samāśritasya dṛṣṭicatuṣṭayasya asaṃbhavamudbhāvya idānīmaparāntasamāśritasya pratiṣedhamāha-

yathaiva hi atīte 'dhvani dṛṣṭicatuṣṭayaṃ niṣiddham, evamanāgate 'pyadhvani dṛṣṭicatuṣṭayaṃ niṣedhanīyamuktapāṭhaparivartanena | tadyathā-

ityevamādinā sarvaṃ samaṃ yojyamekatvapratiṣedhe | evamanyatvapratiṣedhe 'pi samaṃ yojyam-

na syāmanāgate kāle ityetannopapadyate aiṣya janmani yo bhāvo tato 'nyo na bhavatyayam ||

idānīṃ pūrvāntaṃ samāśritasya śāśvatādidṛṣṭicatuṣṭayasya pratiṣedhārthamāha-

iha hi kaścinmanuṣyagatisthaḥ kuśalaṃ karma kṛtvā devagatiṃ gacchati | tatra yadi sa eva devaḥ sa eva manuṣya iti evamubhayoraikyaṃ syāt, tadā śāśvataṃ syāt | na caitadevaṃ yadeva eva manuṣyo bhavediti | ato nāsti kiṃcicchāśvatam | api ca | śāśvatavāde sati asamutpannaśca devaḥ syāt | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmājjāyate na hi śāśvatam | yaddhi vastu śāśvatam, tadvidyamānatvānnaiva jāyate | tataśca anutpanno devaḥ syāt, anutpanno devo na yujyate iti || evaṃ tāvacchāśvataṃ na yujyate || 15 ||

idānīmaśāśvatamapi yathā na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi anyo devo 'nyaśca manuṣyaḥ syāt, tadā pūrvakasya manuṣyātmanastatra naṣṭatvādiha ca anyasyaivotpādāt sa pūrvako manuṣyātmā tatra vinaṣṭa ityaśāśvataṃ syāt | tatsaṃtānānuvṛttyā nāśāśvatamiti cet, ucyate-

devādanyo manuṣyaścetsaṃtatirnopapadyate |

yadi devādanyo manuṣyo bhavet, tadā yathā nimbasya na āmratarusaṃtāno bhavati, evaṃ manuṣyasya devaḥ ekasaṃtānapatito na syāt | tataśca pūrvakasya vināśādaśāśvatameva bhavet | athavā | (Pp_255) yadi devādanyo manuṣyo bhavet, tadā saṃtānānuvṛttirna syāt | asti ceyaṃ saṃtānānuvṛttiḥ devasya manuṣyaḥ ekasaṃtānapatita iti | tasmāt saṃtānābhāvaprasaṅgāt devādanyo manuṣyo na bhavati | yataścaivam, ato 'śāśvatamapi nāsti || 16 ||

idānīṃ śāśvatāśāśvatapratiṣedhārthamāha-

divyo yadyekadeśaḥ syādekadeśaśca mānuṣaḥ

yadi ayaṃ manuṣyaḥ aṃśena manuṣyatāṃ vijahyāt, aṃśena vihāya manuṣyatāṃ devātmabhāvamupādadyāt, tadā ekadeśasya nāśādaśāśvataṃ syāt, ekadeśasya ca avasthānācchāśvataṃ syāt | etacca ayuktaṃ yadekasya divyagatisaṃgṛhītaḥ ekadeśaḥ syāt, ekadeśaśca manuṣyaḥ syāt | tasmācchāśvataṃ ca aśāśvataṃ ca etadubhayaṃ nopapadyate || 17 ||

idānīṃ naśāśvatanaivāśāśvatadṛṣṭipratiṣedhārthamāha-

yadi śāśvataṃ kiṃcidvastu syāt, tadā paścādaśāśvatadarśanānnaiva śāśvatamiti syāt | evaṃ yadi kiṃcidaśāśvataṃ syāt, tadā tasya paścācchāśvatopapattito nāśāśvatamiti syāt | yadā tu śāśvatāśāśvatamevāprasiddham, tadā kutastatpratiṣedhena naivaśāśvataṃ nāśāśvatam syāditi? tasmādetadapyayuktam || 18 ||

atha syāt- anādijanmamaraṇaparaṃparāpravṛttamavicchinnakamaṃ saṃsāraprabandhamupalabhya śāśvata mātmānaṃ parikalpayāmaḥ | astyasau śāśvataḥ kaścit padārthaḥ, yo hi nāma evamanādimati saṃsāre paribhramannadyāpyupalabhyate iti | ucyate | etadapi nopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yo hi nāma-

yadi hi saṃskārāṇāmātmano va kutaścidgatyantarād gamanaṃ gatyantaramāgamanaṃ syāt, tataśca gantyantarāt punaḥ kvacid gamanaṃ syāt, tadānīmanādiḥ saṃsāraḥ syāt | na ca kutaścit kasyacidāgamanaṃ saṃbhavati, nityasya vā anityasya vā āgamanānupapatteḥ | na cāpi itaḥ punaḥ kasyacit kvacid gamanaṃ saṃbhavati, nityasya vā anityasya gamanānupapatteḥ | yadā caivaṃ na saṃbhavati, tadā kuto janmamaraṇaparaṃparāyā atidīrghatvena ādyanupalambhādanādimān saṃsāraḥ syāt? saṃsarturabhāvāt kutaḥ anādimattvamādimatvaṃ vā saṃsārasya saṃbhavet? yadā ca na saṃbhavati, tadā yaduktam- astyasau śāśvataḥ kaścitpadārthaḥ, yo hi nāma evamanādimati saṃsāre paribhramannadyāpyupalabhyate iti, tanna yuktam ||

ataśca, evaṃ yathoditanyāyena-

yadā caivaṃ śāśvata eva padārtho na saṃbhavati, tadā kasya vigamanādaśāśvataḥ syāt | śāśvatāśāśvatānupalambhācca kutaḥ ubhayaṃ kuto nobhayamiti? tasmādevaṃ śāśvatādidṛṣṭicatuṣṭayaṃ pūrvānte saṃsārasya na saṃbhavati || 20 ||

idānīmantānantādicatuṣṭayamaparānte yathā na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi antavān, vināśādūrdhvaṃ pūrvaloko na syāt, tadā paraloko na syāt asti ca paraloka iti antavāṃlloka iti nopapadyate | athāpi anantavāṃllokaḥ syāt, tadānīmapi paralokaḥ kathaṃ bhavet? naiva paralokaḥ syādityabhiprāyaḥ | na ca paraloko nāsti | ataḥ paralokasadbhāvādantavānapi loko na bhavati || 21 ||

idānīmantavattvamanantavatvaṃ ca ubhayametallokasya yathā na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha-

kathaṃ kṛtvā?

yadi pūrve manuṣyaskandhā naśyeyuḥ, tāṃśca pratītya uttare devagatyupapattisaṃgṛhītā nopapadyeran, tadā antavān loko bhavet tailavartikṣayaniruddhapradīpavat | uttarātmabhāvotpādānnāsti antavattvam || 23 ||

atha yadi pūrvakāḥ skandhā na naśyeṣuḥ, tān pratītya uttare phalabhūtāḥ skandhā notpadyeran tadā ananto 'vināśī lokaḥ syāt svarūpādapracyutatvāt | yadā tu pūrvakāḥ skandhā nirudhyante taddhetukāścāpare skandhā uttarakālaṃ jāyante, tadā pūrvakānāmanavasthānāt kuto 'nantavattvaṃ saṃsārasya syāt? || 24 ||

idānīṃ tṛtīyamubhayapakṣabhāvaṃ pratipādayannāha-

yadi hi kasyacidekadeśasya vināśaḥ syāt, ekadeśasya ca gatyantaragamanaṃ syāt, yāttadānīmantavāṃśca loko 'nantavāṃśca | na caitadevaṃ saṃbhavati yadekadeśo naśyati, ekadeśo na naśyatīti | ataḥ antavāṃśca anantavāṃśca loka iti na yujyate || 25 ||

kasmāt punarekadeśasya vināśaḥ ekadeśasya cāvasthānaṃ na yujyate iti pratipādayannāha-

kathaṃ tāvadupādāturekadeśo vinaṅkṣyate|

iha ekadeśasya vināśe ekadeśasya cāvasthāne parikalpyamāne yadi vā upādāturekadeśasya vināśaḥ avasthānaṃ vā parikalpyeta, yadi vā upādānasya? tatra yadi tāvadupādāturekadeśasya vināśaḥ ekadeśasya cāvasthānaṃ parikalpyate, tanna yujyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt-

kathaṃ tāvadupādāturekadeśo vinaṅkṣyate | na naṅkṣyate caikadeśaḥ

naiva hi atra kācidupapattirasti yayā ekadeśasya vināśamekadeśasya cāvināśaṃ parikalpayiṣyāmaḥ | ata eva upapattimapaśyannācārya āha-

evaṃ caitanna yujyate || iti |

athavā | upādātā hi nāma ātmā | sa ca skandheṣu pañcadhā mṛgyamāṇo na saṃbhavati | yaśca na saṃbhavati, tasya kathamekadeśo vinaṅkṣyate, ekadeśaśca na naṅkṣyate? ata evāha- evaṃ caitanna yujyate iti | athavā yadi upādāturekadeśo naśyedekadeśaśca na naśyet, tadā ekasyaiva upādāturdevatvamaṃśenānyena manuṣyatvaṃ syāt | na caitadiṣyate ityāha- evaṃ caitanna yujyate iti | evaṃ tāvadupādāturantavattvamanantavattvaṃ ca na yuktamiti || 26 ||

idānīmupādānasyāpi yathā na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha-

tadevamubhayadarśanāsaṃbhavaṃ pratipādya idānīṃ yathā nobhayamapi na saṃbhavati tathā pratipādayannāha-

pratiṣedhyasya vastuno 'saṃbhavāt pratiṣedhasyāpyasaṃbhava iti | ataḥ antavattve ca anantavattve ca ubhayasminnapratīte kasya pratiṣedhena naivāntavān nānantavān lokaḥ iti dṛṣṭisaṃbhavaḥ syāditi || 28 ||

evaṃ tāvat sāṃvṛtaṃ pratibimbākāramupādātāramupādānaṃ cābhyupetyāpi śāśvatādidṛṣṭayasaṃbhavaṃ pratipādya idānīṃ sarvathā bhāvasvabhāvānupalambhena bandhyāputraśyāmagauratādivat śāśvatādidṛṣṭīnāmasaṃbhavaṃ pratipipādayiṣurāha-

iha sarvabhāvānāṃ pratītyasamutpannatvāt śūnyatvaṃ sakalena śāstreṇa pratipāditam | tataśca sarvabhāvānāṃ śūnyatvāt katamāstāḥ sarvabhāvabāhyāḥ śāśvatādyā dṛṣṭayo bhaviṣyanti, yāḥ kaścid grahīṣyati yatastannirākaraṇamārapsyāmahe? tathā kiṃ vā ālambanaṃ yat sarvabhāvānantargataṃ yatraitā dṛṣṭaya utpatsyante yatraitā dṛṣṭīrnivārayiṣyāmaḥ? katamaścāsau bhāvaḥ pudgalo vā sarvabhāvabāhyāḥ yasyaitā dṛṣṭayaḥ utpatsyante yaṃ dṛṣṭibhyo nivārayiṣyāmaḥ? kiṃ vā dṛṣṭīnāmutpattikāraṇamālambananimittaṃ sarvabhāvabāhyaṃ yasmānnimittādutpadyamānāḥ śāśvatādikāḥ dṛṣṭīḥ vārayiṣyāmaḥ? sarveṣāmeva hi padārthānāṃ sarvabhāvāntargatatvāt śūnyatvam, śūnyatvācca sarve eva hi te padārthā nopalabhyanta iti,

kva kasya katamāḥ kasmātsaṃbhaviṣyanti dṛṣṭayaḥ |

naiva kāścit, naiva kvacit, naiva kasyacit, nāpi kenacidākāreṇa saṃbhaviṣyantītyabhiprāyaḥ | asaṃbhave ca sati āsāṃ parikalpanaiva notpadyate ityayuktā evaitā dṛṣṭayaḥ || 29 ||

tadevam-

tatra saṃsāranirvāṇaprahāṇādhigamopalambhaprapātapatanasaṃdhāraṇāt dharmaḥ | satāmāryāṇāṃ kṛtakāryāṇāṃ dharmaḥ saddharmaḥ | yadi vā śobhano dharmaḥ saddharmaḥ, sakalasaṃsāraduḥkhakṣayakaratvena praśaṃsanīyatvāt || yaḥ saddharmam-

prapañcopaśamaṃ śivaṃ pratītyasamutpādasaṃjñayā hi deśitavān sarvadṛṣṭiprahāṇārthaṃ jagatāmanukampāmupādāya mahākaruṇāmevāśritya priyaikaputrādhikatarapremapātrasakalatribhuvanajanaḥ na lābhasatkārapratyupakārādilipsayā, taṃ namasyāmi niruttaramadvitīyaṃ śāstāram | kiṃnāmadheyam? gautamam | paramarṣigotrasaṃbhūtamityarthaḥ ||

yathoktamāryaśālistambasūtre āryamaitreyeṇa mahābodhisattvena-

ya imaṃ pratītyasamutpādamevaṃ yathābhūtaṃ samyakprajñayā satatasamitamajīvaṃ nirjīvaṃ yathāvadaviparītamajātamabhūtamakṛtamasaṃskṛtamapratighamanāvaraṇaṃ śivamabhayamanāhāryamavyayamavyupaśamasvabhāvaṃ paśyati asatastucchataḥ riktato 'sārato rogato gaṇḍataḥ śalyato 'ghato 'nityato duḥkhataḥ śūnyato 'nātmataḥ, na sa pūrvāntaṃ pratisarati | kiṃ nvahamabhūvamatīte 'dhvani, āhosvinnābhūvamatīte 'dhvani, ko nvahamabhūvamatīte 'dhvani, kathaṃ nvahamabhūvamatīte 'dhvani | aparāntaṃ vā punarna pratisarati kiṃ nvahaṃ bhaviṣyāmyanāgate 'dhvani, (Pp_259) āhosvinna bhaviṣyāmyanāgate 'dhvani, ko nu bhaviṣyāmyanāgate 'dhvani, kathaṃ nu bhaviṣyāmyanāgate 'dhvani | pratyutpannaṃ vā punarna pratisarati kiṃ nvidaṃ kathaṃ nvidaṃ ke santaḥ ke bhaviṣyāmaḥ ayaṃ sattvaḥ kutaṃ āgataḥ, sa itaścyutaḥ kutra gamiṣyatīti yānyekeṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ pṛthagloke dṛṣṭigatāni bhaviṣyanti tadyathā- ātmavādapratisaṃyuktāni jīvavādapratisaṃyuktāni kautukamaṅgalapratisaṃyuktāni, tānyasya tasmin samaye prahīṇāni bhavanti parijñātāni samucchinnamūlāni tālamastakavadanābhāsagatāni āyatyāmanutpādānirodhadharmāṇi ||

atha khalvāyuṣmān śāriputro maitreyasya bodhisattvasya mahāsattvasya bhāṣitamabhinandya anupramodya utthāyāsanāt prakrāntaḥ, prakrāntāste ca bhikṣava iti ||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau dṛṣṭiparīkṣā nāma saptaviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇaṃ samāptam ||

|| samāptaṃ cedaṃ madhyamakaśāstraṃ sakalalaukikalokottarapravacananītaneyārthavyākhyānanaipuṇya viśāradaṃ śrāvakapratyekabuddhānuttarasamyaksaṃbuddhabodhimaṇḍāsanadāyakamiti ||